CSG/SOCIUS - Artigos em Revistas Internacionais / Articles in International Journals
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- Back to replacement migration: A new European perspective applying the prospective age conceptPublication . Craveiro, Daniela; Oliveira, Isabel Tiago de; Gomes, Maria Sousa; Malheiros, Jorge; Moreira, Maria João Guardado; Peixoto, JoãoThe UN Replacement Migration report (2000) had a significant impact in academic and civil society. Its approach consisted of estimating the migration volumes required to mitigate the effects of population decline and ageing. The volume of migrants required to prevent population decline and sustain the working-age population was not particularly high, but the vast number of migrants needed to maintain the potential support ratio was highlighted as an unrealistic goal.
- Back to the South: Social and Political aspects of Latin American Migration to Southern EuropePublication . Peixoto, JoãoWhen migration from the Latin American and Caribbean countries to Europe is studied, a preferential stream can be noted towards southern Europe. There would also appear to have been a remarkable growth in the volume of flows in this direction in recent years. The flows themselves vary: in the case of Spain, nationals from Ecuador, Colombia, Peru and Argentina predominate; Portugal is the recipient of Brazilians; and Italy mainly plays host to nationals from Peru and Ecuador. These flows reveal the importance of various factors: economic push and pull mechanisms; the former presence in the region of Spain and Portugal as erstwhile colonial powers; the earlier waves of emigrants in that direction from Spain, Portugal and Italy; a relatively more favourable social reception; and political initiatives that favour the new sending countries. In other words, economic gaps, former historical links, cultural and linguistic affinities, family ties and diplomatic channels suggest that a special route exists for migrants from Latin America. The topics that will be expanded upon in this paper include the factors explaining recent immigration to southern Europe; the economic incorporation of immigrants; the social framework of flows, including reactions from local populations; and the tentative and multiple policy responses to immigration. Conclusions indicate that the potential for movements from Latin America, resulting from both previous and current links, has proved to be a favourable response to the need for immigrant workers in the case of southern European societies. Despite the familiar path (albeit in the reverse direction), the economic incorporation of immigrants has mainly occurred in the low-ranking jobs, as was the case with other inflows. This stemmed from market needs, state failures and the importance of the family. However, given the numerous links between Latin America and southern Europe, the social and policy responses adopted towards these immigrants seem to have been more beneficial than towards other groups
- Da era das migrações ao declínio das migrações? A transição para a mobilidade revisitadaPublication . Peixoto, JoãoO principal objetivo deste texto é examinar e discutir as tendências atuais das migrações e da mobilidade internacional, bem como as principais teorias que têm sido desenvolvidas para as explicar. Para além de um estado da arte sumário, o texto procura entrever o que pode suceder no futuro face às mudanças globais, seja uma continuidade e aprofundamento das tendências atuais ou, pelo contrário, uma alteração do paradigma. Apesar de o cenário mais provável ser a continuação do aumento dos movimentos, tudo vai depender do confronto entre os fatores estruturais e a agência individual. Se os primeiros apresentam, hoje, alguns sinais contraditórios, a segunda revela as numerosas possibilidades de ação de migrantes e não migrantes. Existem vários futuros possíveis, sendo que um deles – a transição para a mobilidade – foi teorizado por Zelinsky em 1971..
- Determinants of innovation in European construction firmsPublication . Barata, José Monteiro; Fontaínha, ElsaThe research aims to identify the determinants of process and product innovation in a traditional and low-tech sector, supported in micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), specifically European Construction Sector. The study uses micro data from the e-Business Survey of the European Commission. The dependent variables studied are binary (presence or absence of process or/and product innovation). The explanatory variables considered are: suppliers, clients, market orientation, turnover growth and size. In addition, some national context variables – GDP per capita and R&D weight in GDP – are also tested. The results show that the sector of construction innovates, and the factors that contribute more to this innovation are suppliers and growth of business. It is also concluded that firm size is more relevant for process innovation than for product innovation, and companies that are guided by international markets innovate more than those that focus on local and regional markets.
- Governed by the cycle: interest rate sensitivity of emerging market corporate debtPublication . Gubareva, Mariya; Borges, Maria RosaThis study addresses interest rate sensitivity of emerging market corporate debt. Previous research suggests that interest rate sensitivity of corporate bonds depends on residual maturity of issues, creditworthiness of issuers, embedded options and other idiosyncratic factors. However, the dependence of interest rate sensitivity on phases of the business cycle has not received an appropriate academic attention. This paper provides empirical evidence and theoretical interpretation of a dichotomy of interest rate sensitivity across the phases of the cycle, and sheds light on how credit spreads respond to interest rates. The historical span of the research covers the period of 2004–2016. The fndings imply that hedging interest rate risk ought to be a dynamic process and take into consideration where the economy is positioned in the current business cycle. This research provides important insights on the nature of interest rate sensitivity, capable of enhancing fnancial stability and improving efciency of fnancial system.
- Half a century of public participation to stop pollution in the Alviela river, from 1957 to todayPublication . Fernandes, Lúcia de Oliverira; Brás, Oriana Rainho; Meira, Teresa Bezerra; Bento, Sofia
- Identity ambivalences of the Eurasian Macanese : historical dynamics, political regimes and food practicesPublication . Gaspar, Marisa C.This article focuses on the phenomenological experience of identity ambivalence arising from the Eurasian Macanese community through their phenomenological experience of identity ambivalence. Our thematic framework includes the structural impact of colonial and post colonial political regimes in Macao, historical influences on contemporary identity and sociocultural expressions of creolisation. It is argued that the Macanese people illustrate the memory of the ambivalent encounter between the two extremities of the Eurasia (China and Portugal) which started in the 16th-c. and never ceased moving forces to the present day. Furthermore, in the context of fieldwork with the Macanese community in Portugal, an ethnographic approach helps reveal the ambivalent dynamics of similarities and differentiation with respect to food practices and commensality as expressed over dinner by a group of close friends in Lisbon.
- Imigração e desenvolvimento dos países de destino : Novas evidências e novos conceitos para o Pacto Global para as MigraçõesPublication . Peixoto, JoãoOs estudos sobre migrações e desenvolvimento têm sobretudo focado o impacto das migrações oriundas dos países menos desenvolvidos (ou do Sul global) em direcção aos países mais desenvolvidos (ou do Norte global) sobre o desenvolvimento dos primeiros. Este texto tem como principal objectivo colmatar algumas destas lacunas, observando de forma aprofundada o nexo entre migrações e desenvolvimento, mas agora do ponto de vista do impacto da imigração para o desenvolvimento dos países receptores do Norte global. Para além de uma revisão da evidência mais recente disponível, salientando-se os impactos económicos da imigração sobre estes países e, em menor grau, outros impactos relacionados com o desenvolvimento, procura-se actualizar a discussão, tendo em conta as recentes inovações nos conceitos e políticas internacionais nesta área, em particular a Agenda 2030 de Desenvolvimento Sustentável.
- Immigration, trade links: evidence from PortugalPublication . Faustino, Horácio; Peixoto, JoãoThis article tests the relation between immigration and Portuguese bilateral trade, considering the twenty-seven European partners (EU27). Using a static and dynamic panel data analysis, the results show that the stock of immigrants has a positive effect on Portuguese exports, imports and bilateral intra-industry trade (llT). These results suggest that immigration affects all types of trade in a positive way. The findings also suggest that the increase of immigrant entrepreneurs reinforce the positive effect on exports and on llT. The dynamic results confirm the positive effect of the immigration stock on horizontal and vertical llT.
- Measuring the social recreation per-day net benefit of the wildlife amenities of a national park: a count-data travel-cost approachPublication . Mendes, Isabel; Proença, IsabelIn this article, we apply count-data travel-cost methods to a truncated sample of visitors to estimate the Peneda-Gerês National Park (PGNP) average consumer surplus (CS) for each day of visit. The measurement of recreation demand is highly specific because it is calculated by number of days of stay per visit. We therefore propose the application of altered truncated count-data models or truncated count-data models on grouped data to estimate a single, on-site individual recreation demand function, with the price (cost) of each recreation day per trip equal to out-of-pocket and time travel plus out-of-pocket and on-site time costs. We further check the sensitivity of coefficient estimations to alternative models and analyse the welfare measure precision by using the delta and simulation methods by Creel and Loomis. With simulated limits, CS is estimated to be €194 (range €116 to €448). This information is of use in the quest to improve government policy and PNPG management and conservation as well as promote nature-based tourism. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to measure the average recreation net benefits of each day of stay generated by a national park by using truncated altered and truncated grouped count-data travel-cost models based on observing the individual number of days of stay.