CSG/SOCIUS - Artigos em Revistas Internacionais / Articles in International Journals
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- Migrants trafficking and individual strategies: the formation of dynamic channels in international migrationPublication . Peixoto, JoãoIn this paper, a discussion of the current modalities of migrants trafficking will be made, taking into account the vast expression that it acquires and its extremely dynamic character. The main empirical base is a recent research project carried out in Portugal, which considered both labour and sexual exploitation related flows. The underlying claim is that it is the conjunction of individual aspirations for migration, stringent migration policies and organised intermediary agents that lead to the surge of dynamic modalities for channelling flows. The fact that each agent actively interacts with the others explains the continuing changes in the process.
- Measuring the social recreation per-day net benefit of the wildlife amenities of a national park: a count-data travel-cost approachPublication . Mendes, Isabel; Proença, IsabelIn this article, we apply count-data travel-cost methods to a truncated sample of visitors to estimate the Peneda-Gerês National Park (PGNP) average consumer surplus (CS) for each day of visit. The measurement of recreation demand is highly specific because it is calculated by number of days of stay per visit. We therefore propose the application of altered truncated count-data models or truncated count-data models on grouped data to estimate a single, on-site individual recreation demand function, with the price (cost) of each recreation day per trip equal to out-of-pocket and time travel plus out-of-pocket and on-site time costs. We further check the sensitivity of coefficient estimations to alternative models and analyse the welfare measure precision by using the delta and simulation methods by Creel and Loomis. With simulated limits, CS is estimated to be €194 (range €116 to €448). This information is of use in the quest to improve government policy and PNPG management and conservation as well as promote nature-based tourism. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to measure the average recreation net benefits of each day of stay generated by a national park by using truncated altered and truncated grouped count-data travel-cost models based on observing the individual number of days of stay.
- Back to the South: Social and Political aspects of Latin American Migration to Southern EuropePublication . Peixoto, JoãoWhen migration from the Latin American and Caribbean countries to Europe is studied, a preferential stream can be noted towards southern Europe. There would also appear to have been a remarkable growth in the volume of flows in this direction in recent years. The flows themselves vary: in the case of Spain, nationals from Ecuador, Colombia, Peru and Argentina predominate; Portugal is the recipient of Brazilians; and Italy mainly plays host to nationals from Peru and Ecuador. These flows reveal the importance of various factors: economic push and pull mechanisms; the former presence in the region of Spain and Portugal as erstwhile colonial powers; the earlier waves of emigrants in that direction from Spain, Portugal and Italy; a relatively more favourable social reception; and political initiatives that favour the new sending countries. In other words, economic gaps, former historical links, cultural and linguistic affinities, family ties and diplomatic channels suggest that a special route exists for migrants from Latin America. The topics that will be expanded upon in this paper include the factors explaining recent immigration to southern Europe; the economic incorporation of immigrants; the social framework of flows, including reactions from local populations; and the tentative and multiple policy responses to immigration. Conclusions indicate that the potential for movements from Latin America, resulting from both previous and current links, has proved to be a favourable response to the need for immigrant workers in the case of southern European societies. Despite the familiar path (albeit in the reverse direction), the economic incorporation of immigrants has mainly occurred in the low-ranking jobs, as was the case with other inflows. This stemmed from market needs, state failures and the importance of the family. However, given the numerous links between Latin America and southern Europe, the social and policy responses adopted towards these immigrants seem to have been more beneficial than towards other groups
- Immigration, trade links: evidence from PortugalPublication . Faustino, Horácio; Peixoto, JoãoThis article tests the relation between immigration and Portuguese bilateral trade, considering the twenty-seven European partners (EU27). Using a static and dynamic panel data analysis, the results show that the stock of immigrants has a positive effect on Portuguese exports, imports and bilateral intra-industry trade (llT). These results suggest that immigration affects all types of trade in a positive way. The findings also suggest that the increase of immigrant entrepreneurs reinforce the positive effect on exports and on llT. The dynamic results confirm the positive effect of the immigration stock on horizontal and vertical llT.
- Modelling bilateral intra-industry trade indexes with panel data: a semiparametric approachPublication . Proença, Isabel; Faustino, Horácio C.This paper focuses on the modelling of bilateral intra-industry trade indexes with panel data, applying a semiparametric approach. This extends the work of Papke and Wooldridge (J Econom 145: 121–133, 2008) for fractional responses, by introducing a nonparametric component to control for unobserved heterogeneity associated with the regressors. The proposed approach is based on the semi-mixed effects gen eralised linear model of Lombardía and Sperlich (Comput Stat Data Anal 56:2903– 2917, 2012), introduced in the context of small area statistics, and the semiparametric gravity model of Proença et al. (Empir Econ doi:10.1007/s00181-014-0891-x, 2014). The resulting nonlinear semiparametric model serves to explain the bilateral intra industry trade indexes between Portugal and the European Union, the BRIC emerging economies, and the five Portuguese-speaking African countries.
- Determinants of innovation in European construction firmsPublication . Barata, José Monteiro; Fontaínha, ElsaThe research aims to identify the determinants of process and product innovation in a traditional and low-tech sector, supported in micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), specifically European Construction Sector. The study uses micro data from the e-Business Survey of the European Commission. The dependent variables studied are binary (presence or absence of process or/and product innovation). The explanatory variables considered are: suppliers, clients, market orientation, turnover growth and size. In addition, some national context variables – GDP per capita and R&D weight in GDP – are also tested. The results show that the sector of construction innovates, and the factors that contribute more to this innovation are suppliers and growth of business. It is also concluded that firm size is more relevant for process innovation than for product innovation, and companies that are guided by international markets innovate more than those that focus on local and regional markets.
- Qualidade e educação a distância: a percepção dos diplomados do curso de administração da Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaPublication . Silva, Karin Vieira da; Peixoto, João; Pacheco, Anderson Sasaki VasquesTem sido divulgada a ideia de que a Educação a Distância, apesar da possibilidade de expansão do acesso ao ensino superior que comporta, sofre algumas limitações, que passam pela percepção, quer dos alunos quer de outros agentes relacionados com o ensino superior que a Educação a Distância tem frequentemente qualidade inferior aos cursos presenciais. Sabe se pouco, porém, sobre o conteúdo e os fundamentos dessas percepções, bem como sobre a forma como elas têm evoluído no tempo. Este artigo pretende repensar essa lacuna por meio de um estudo de caso no curso de Administração a distância da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Por tanto, o artigo tem como objetivo verificar as percepções dos egressos do curso quanto à qualidade de seu ensino. Para o alcance desse objetivo, foram coletadas informações de ordem qualitativa, por meio de entrevistas, e quantitativa, por meio de questionários, junto aos alunos diplomados entre os anos de 2010 e 2014, em diferentes polos dos Estados de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados foram analisados por meio de análise de conteúdo e de análise descritiva simples. Os principais resultados apontaram, em linhas gerais, que os diplomados demonstraram estar satisfeitos com a experiência na graduação e que o curso realizado ainda sofre preconceitos relativamente à questão da qualidade e à seriedade da modalidade a distância. Entretanto, verificaram-se indicativos de que essa visão receosa vem diminuindo, sobretudo quando o curso é conduzido por instituições já consolidadas, como a Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina.
- Mobilization Against Genetically Modified Organisms in PortugalPublication . Brás, Oriana Rainho; Fernandes, Lúcia de Oliveira; Bento, Sofia; Silva, Lays Helena Paes e
- Half a century of public participation to stop pollution in the Alviela river, from 1957 to todayPublication . Fernandes, Lúcia de Oliverira; Brás, Oriana Rainho; Meira, Teresa Bezerra; Bento, Sofia
- Migração forçada na África Subsaariana: alguns subsídios sobre os refugiados em MoçambiquePublication . Patrício, Gonçalves; Peixoto, JoãoNeste artigo pretendemos fazer uma análise sucinta sobre as dinâmicas migratórias de tipo forçado na África subsaariana que afectam Moçambique, país inserido num contexto regional complexo que o remete para a condição plural de país de emigração, imigração e trânsito. As conclusões da investigação indicam que os fluxos migratórios forçados no país são procedentes sobretudo da África central e do Corno de África, decorrentes da violência trivializada e persistente dos países dessas regiões. Os refugiados que procuram acolhimento ou asilo fazem no na região centro e norte de Moçambique, em resultado da conjuntura socioeconómica e política relativamente estável que encontram, comparativamente com a de muitos países da região subsaariana.