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- Election news in six European countries: what is covered and how? – Study for research projectPublication . Salgado, Susana; Balabanic, Ivan; Garcia-Luengo, Óscar; Mustapic, Marko; Papathanassopoulos, Stylianos; Stępińska, Agnieszka; Suiter, JaneThis research project analyses the coverage of national elections that happened around the same time (between September 2015 and February 2016), in six European countries (Greece, Portugal, Poland, Croatia, Spain, and Ireland) where different issues were at stake. Questions, such as the following, guide the overall analysis: Which issues are most covered by the news media and how? In what ways is news election coverage similar and different in these countries? Are there distinctive patterns of election news coverage in these countries?
- Our goal: Comparing news performancePublication . Vreese, Claes de; Esser, Frank; Hopmann, David Nicolas; Aalberg, Toril; Aelst, Peter Van; Berganza, Rosa; Hubé, Nicolas; Legnante, Guido; Matthes, Jörg; Papathanassopoulos, Stylianos; Reinemann, Carsten; Salgado, Susana; Sheafer, Tamir; Stanyer, James; Strömbäck, Jesper
- Conclusion: assessing news performancePublication . Vreese, Claes de; Reinemann, Carsten; Esser, Frank; Hopmann, David Nicolas; Aalberg, Toril; Aelst, Peter Van; Berganza, Rosa; Hubé, Nicolas; Legnante, Guido; Matthes, Jörg; Papathanassopoulos, Stylianos; Salgado, Susana; Sheafer, Tamir; Stanyer, James; Strömbäck, JesperAt the outset, we asked if there is any good news about the news and, if so, where the good news is. In academic research and public discussions about news and democracy, one finds different interpretations of the state of current news provision. A tendency towards pessimism about current news performance is commonplace. Although there is an overall proliferation of both traditional and newer forms of online news availability and supply (Esser, de Vreese et al. 2012), many suggest that the performance of news providers is getting worse. In more or less explicit terms, the decreasing quality of news is seen as having a negative impact on the quality of political life and democracy. Set against the pessimism and caution in the public debate and literature on news quality and the performance of political journalism, we were not optimistic that we would find good-quality news or that we would be able to offer some good news as a positive antidote, so to speak, to the pervasive pessimism in the literature.
- Politicians’ Perceptions of Populism and the Media: A Cross-National Study Based on Semi-Structured InterviewsPublication . Salgado, Susana; Stanyer, James; Hajzer, Gergő; Hopmann, David N.; Kalsnes, Bente; Legnante, Guido; Lipiński, Artur; Merkovity, Norbert; Papathanassopoulos, Stylianos; Sanders, Karen B.Why is it importam to study politicians' perceptions of populism? The way in which something is regarded and understood is of the utmost importance for its impact on politics and society in general. Given the complexities in defining 'populism' and understanding its meaning, and in view of it being commonly referred to as a 'vague', 'slippery', 'elusive' concept (e.g., Canovan, 1981, 1984; Taggart, 2000; Barr, 2009; Lucardie, 2009; Woods, 2014), this study addresses the concept and its potential implications through the views of politicians who represent some of the most importam politicaI parties in 11 European countries and who are therefore important opinion-makers. The main objective is to discern what politicians from the various countries and different types of politicai parties understand by populism and how they perceive the causes and implications of these phenomena in their countries, and, more broadly, in European and global contexts.
- Cross-conceptual architecture of newsPublication . Reinemann, Carsten; Scherr, Sebastian; Stanyer, James; Aalberg, Toril; Aelst, Peter Van; Berganza, Rosa; Esser, Frank; Hopmann, David Nicolas; Hubé, Nicolas; Legnante, Guido; Matthes, Jörg; Papathanassopoulos, Stylianos; Salgado, Susana; Sheafer, Tamir; Strömbäck, Jesper; Vreese, Claes deWhile the other chapters in this volume have treated each of the six key concepts in depth, it is important to consider the relationships between them and the extent to which they are interconnected. Indeed, some scholars have made connections, at least theoretically, between a number of different developments (e.g., Patterson 1993). Several advantages flow from such a cross-conceptual approach. Specific concepts can be related to each other, which gives readers some idea of how they may interact. For example, the degree of personalization and negativity in the news may be related but may also operate independently. understanding these cross-concept relationships further can improve our insights into journalists' processes of news construction, It is highly likely that decisions about the selection and construction of news are based on a combination of content features rather than on individual features of events or topics. This line of reasoning was already a key idea in the early studies on news factors, which hypothesized that different content features would add up to the specific news value of an event (e.g., Galtung and Ruge 1965).
- Political communication in a high-choice media environment: a challenge for democracy?Publication . Van Aelst, Peter; Strömbäck, Jesper; Aalberg, Toril; Esser, Frank; de Vreese, Claes; Matthes, Jörg; Hopmann, David; Salgado, Susana; Hubé, Nicolas; Stępińska, Agnieszka; Papathanassopoulos, Stylianos; Berganza, Rosa; Legnante, Guido; Reinemann, Carsten; Sheafer, Tamir; Stanyer, JamesDuring the last decennia media environments and political communication systems have changed fundamentally. These changes have major ramifications for the political information environments and the extent to which they aid people in becoming informed citizens. Against this background, the purpose of this article is to review research on key changes and trends in political information environments and assess their democratic implications. We will focus on advanced postindustrial democracies and six concerns that are all closely linked to the dissemination and acquisition of political knowledge: (1) declining supply of political information, (2) declining quality of news, (3) increasing media concentration and declining diversity of news, (4) increasing fragmentation and polarization, (5) increasing relativism and (6) increasing inequality in political knowledge.
- The old meets the new: “old” political communication concepts in a “‘new” social media eraPublication . Salgado, Susana; Biscaia, Afonso; Papathanassopoulos, StylianosIn this introductory chapter, we explain the rationale of the edited book and delve into the changes that social media have been provoking in political communication and political communication research. The book brings together contributions of renowned scholars who look into some of the most pivotal political communication concepts and reflect on whether and how the new media environ ments and social media have affected these concepts. Potential changes in theoretical perspectives and methodological approaches are considered, as well as reflections on how to encompass such new realities (e.g., growing disruptive communication and incivility, disinformation, trans-national networks) in political communication research in an environment of further erosion of trust in institutional authorities.
- Journalists’ Perceptions of Populism and the Media: A Cross-National Study Based on Semi-Structured InterviewsPublication . Stanyer, James; Salgado, Susana; Bobba, Giuliano; Hajzer, Gergö; Hopmann, David N.; Hubé, Nicolas; Merkovity, Norbert; Özerim, Gökay; Papathanassopoulos, Stylianos; Sanders, Karen B.; Spasojevic, Dusan; Vochocova, Lenka
- Crisis and populism: a comparative study of populist and non-populist candidates and rhetoric in the news media coverage of election campaignsPublication . Salgado, Susana; Luengo, Óscar G.; Papathanassopoulos, Stylianos; Suiter, Jane; Stępińska, AgnieszkaThis research investigates links between the Euro Crisis and populism and asks whether there are patterns of populism in different election campaigns, namely is there country-specific populist rhetoric or similar anti-elite criticisms? Through content analysis, we examine the mainstream media coverage of populist and non-populist actors in the countries that were most affected by the Euro Crisis (Greece, Ireland, Portugal, Spain) and in Poland, a country that, despite not being part of the Euro, has been experiencing a significant rise of populism recently. These are also countries underrepresented in systematic empirical political communication research and that represent different levels of success of populism. Our findings show that although mainstream news media tends to be negative towards populist candidates, there are important cross-country differences with potential impact on the electoral success and failure of populist actors.