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CSG - Artigos em Revistas Internacionais /Articles in International Journals

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  • From a portuguese small firm to world leader in the cork business : the role of the internationalisation of Corticeira Amorim to Spain
    Publication . Branco, Amélia; Lopes, João Carlos; Rangel, José Francisco; Parejo, Francisco Manuel
    This paper analysed the strategy of Corticeira Amorim, in many ways confused with the story of the Amorim family, since the first generation started a small workshop producing cork stoppers, in the 19th century, until it became a big multinational, present in 70 countries. In the first phases of the business, internal advantages were dominant, namely the lower wages in the North of Portugal (Santa Maria da Feira), where the firm was located, relatively to the South of the country (Setúbal), where were located its main competitors, and also the presence of the Amorim firm in a cluster, with many small firms and family workshops, dependents and at the same time supporters of the leading firm, in terms of supply and demand, market regulation and credit flows. In a second stage of the business, particularly after the 1960’s, the strong commitment to internationalise, first the supply of its products, and afterward the production itself, was crucial for the dominance of Corticeira Amorim. This internationalisation process, for reasons well described in this paper, assumed great resemblance to the so-called “Upsalla Model”, which was appropriate for the characteristics of the company and the times it started and developed its opening to the world. Another important feature of Corticeira Amorim’s trajectory, dating from the 1970s, was the internationalisation to Spain, according to a strategy of vertical specialisation, well suited to the globalization process of the last decades. The expansion to the neighbouring country of Portugal, Spain, always its main historical competitor in the cork business, confirms the leading stagey of Corticeira Amorim, by controlling its strongest competitor and reinforcing the worldwide leadership of the cork business.
  • Incentives or obstacles? Institutional aspects of the cork business in the Iberian Peninsula (1930-1975)
    Publication . Branco, Amélia; Parejo, Francisco M
    The quantitative and comparative analysis of Spanish and Portuguese cork exportations during the 20th century shows that Spain lost its leading position in the world trade of transformed cork while Portugal rose to claim first place. This article takes a step towards identifying the institutional aspects behind the different paths taken by the cork business in the two countries between 1930 and 1975. Starting with a comparative analysis of the legal framework and economic policies which had an impact on the various branches of business during the two Iberian dictatorships, it is argued that Salazar and Franco attributed different degrees of importance to the cork sector. It concludes that these institutional aspects explain a part of the loss of competitiveness of Spanish exports in comparison with Portuguese exports, insofar as they influenced the extent to which the two economies participated in international trade flows as well as production costs in the industry.
  • Inquiry in higher education for sustainable development: Crossing disciplinary knowledge boundaries
    Publication . Galvão, Cecília; Faria, Cláudia; Viegas, Wanda; Branco, Amélia; Goulão, Luis F.
    This paper aims to present the research results of the impact of a pedagogical approach on students, implemented as a part of the Doctoral Programme in Sustainability Science, which was designed following an innovative model at the University of Lisbon, Portugal. The main drivers include building a new body of interdisciplinary knowledge leading to the application of science to address real problems towards transdisciplinary education. We aimed to understand if a project work methodology proposed to students, based on an inquiry perspective and dealing with different dimensions of sustainable development, contributed to creating an interdisciplinary solution for a problem on sustainability challenged by food production and consumption, and also to understand if this methodological approach is perceived as important to their learning as professionals and citizens. Data were collected by direct observation, a questionnaire applied to the students, and students’ individual reflections. The results suggest great potential for an inquiry perspective in trying to solve a real problem. Students' proposals were realistic, viable, and complementary enough to collectively contribute in response to the global problem. The use of approaches acquired from different areas of knowledge was clear, and the project methodology was well understood. Students considered the experience very rewarding in terms of learning and contributing positively to their personal and professional development. This Doctoral programme is anchored in a progressive continuum encompassing holistic debates with a multidisciplinary team of professors in environments that promote interdisciplinary attitudes and new knowledge, and also project work aimed at guiding students to transdisciplinary learning, which constitutes an innovative form of dealing with the complex challenges created by the science of sustainability.
  • School and family ecosystem: Incentives and barriers to school–family communication
    Publication . Guedes, Fábio Botelho; Cerqueira, Ana; Marques-Pinto, Alexandra; Branco, Amélia; Galvão, Cecília; Sousa, Joana; Goulão, Luis F.; Bronze, Rosário; Viegas, Wanda; Gaspar, Tania; Moreno, Carmen; Matos, Margarida Gaspar de
    The aim of the study was to explore the factors and barriers related to the incentive and opportunity of school–family communication. This work is part of the HOUSE-Colégio F3 Project, ULisbon, which included 1,143 first-year university students from the University of Lisbon, with average age of 19.61 ± 3.96 years. The young people who had better communication with their parents, greater family support and better family relationship were the ones who reported greater incentives for school–family communication. School–family communication and relationship were associated with the incentives for school–family communication and greater parental monitoring. These results align with the literature stating that parents' communication and presence in all areas of young people's lives, including the school context, foster better social and family relationships and academic results. This result should not be read as a call for non-autonomy. Instead, it highlights that monitoring and supporting family presence promotes that autonomy.
  • Mediterranean diet adherence and nutritional literacy: an observational cross-sectional study of the reality of university students in a COVID-19 pandemic context
    Publication . Abreu, Filipa; Hernando, Ana; Goulão, Luís Filipe; Pinto, Alexandra Marques; Branco, Amélia; Cerqueira, Ana; Galvão, Cecília; Guedes, Fábio Botelho; Bronze, Maria Rosário; Viegas, Wanda; Matos, Margarida Gaspar de; Sousa, Joana
    Abstract - Aim: To evaluate the adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and the level of nutritional literacy (NL) among university students from different academic fields of study, within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A total of 1114 first-year undergraduate students at the University of Lisbon, Portugal, were included in this study. A self-administered online questionnaire was applied that included questions regarding sociodemographic information, the MD measured by the PREDIMED questionnaire (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) and NL assessed using the Newest Vital Sign questionnaire. Results: The average PREDIMED score revealed a low adherence (6.79±2.14 points) to the MD. Notably, students in the Social Sciences and Humanities academic fields showed the highest level of adherence (U=21 071; p <0.05. Within the Health field, there was greater prevalence of dietary behaviours aligned with the MD, contributing to higher overall adherence scores. Furthermore, 84,1% of the participants demonstrated adequate NL. Interestingly, students in the Exact Sciences and Engineering field demonstrated the highest levels of NL (5,07±1.19), particularly in questions involving mathematical reasoning. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that university students in Lisbon do not follow a MD and are far from the recommendations of this dietary pattern. While most participants showed adequate NL, it is essential to highlight the link between knowledge and application to daily practice. Despite positive literacy levels, there remains a deficit in translating this knowledge into correct dietary practices.
  • Chronic conditions and school participation of first-year university students — HOUSE ULisbon study
    Publication . Cerqueira, Ana; Guedes, Fábio Botelho; Marques-Pinto, Alexandra; Branco, Amélia; Galvão, Cecília; Sousa, Joana; Goulão, Luis F.; Bronze, Maria Rosário; Viegas, Wanda; Gaspar, Tania
    Students with chronic conditions (CC) tend to experience several barriers in terms of their school participation and performance. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the factors related to the time of diagnosis of CC (recent/non-recent), the barriers to participation and academic success (health condition, people’s attitude towards CC and school physical environment), the physical and mental health (physical/psychological symptoms and concerns) and school-related variables (relationship with teachers and peers), regarding the school participation of first-year students with CC. This work is part of the HOUSE-Colégio F3 Project, University of Lisbon, which includes 1143 first-year university students from 17 Faculties and Institutes of the University of Lisbon. In this specific study, only the subsample of 207 students with CC was considered, 72.4% of which were female, aged between 18 and 54 years (M = 20.00; SD = 4.83). The results showed that students with a recent diagnosis of CC and students with school participation affected by the CC were those who presented more negative indicators regarding barriers to school participation, physical and mental health, and school-related variables. A greater impact of CC in terms of school participation was associated with having a recent diagnosis, with people’s attitude towards CC and with the health condition as barriers, with more psychological symptoms and worse relationships with teachers and peers. This is a relevant message for the organization of health services for students with CC at the beginning of their university studies, especially since they are often displaced from home and managing their health conditions alone (in many cases, for the first time).
  • Aglomeración industrial y desarrollo regional. Los sistemas productivos locales en Portugal
    Publication . Parejo, Francisco; Rangel, José-Francisco; Branco, Amélia
    En este trabajo identificamos y localizamos los sistemas productivos locales (SPL) que existen en la actualidad en Portugal. Para ello utilizamos la metodología propuesta por Lainé (2000), ajustada y revisada con las aportaciones posteriores que realizaron Giner, Santa María y Fuster (2006) para el análisis del caso valenciano y con la incorporación de nuevos criterios de detección de aglomeraciones industriales que han sido utilizados en otros trabajos. Se adopta como unidad territorial de análisis para la localización de SPL el concelho, y como clasificación estadística para el análisis cuantitativo, la Clasificación Portuguesa de Actividades Económicas, Revisión 3 (CAE Rev. 3), específicamente información relativa a 2012. Se concluye en la detección de 25 SPL en Portugal, dos de ellos poliespecializados, concentrados mayoritariamente en la mitad norte del país y próximos a la costa atlántica. Estos representarían, aproximadamente, el 15% de la industria portuguesa en términos de empleo generado y número de establecimientos.
  • COVID-19 and lockdown, as lived and felt by university students
    Publication . Branquinho, Cátia; Guedes, Fábio Botelho; Cerqueira, Ana; Marques-Pinto, Alexandra; Branco, Amélia; Galvão, Cecília; Sousa, Joana; Goulão, Luís F.; Bronze, Maria Rosário; Viegas, Wanda; Matos, Margarida Gaspar de
    In the last 2 years, the COVID-19 pandemic has spread all over the world, forcing the closure of universities, among other unusual measures in recent history. (1) Background: This work is based on the study HOUSE-ULisbon, a survey carried out during the second confinement (March–May 2021) in Portugal with the collaboration of all the Faculties of the University of Lisbon (UL). The present work aims to explore gender differences in how first-year college students experienced and felt COVID-19 and the second confinement. (2) Methods: A questionnaire was carried out. In total, 976 university students (19.66 years (SD = 4.033); Min = 17 and Max = 65) from the first year of the UL were included, of which 69.5% (n = 678) were female, and 30.5% were male (n = 298). SPSS v. 26 was used for quantitative data and MAXQDA 2020 for qualitative data. (3) Results: Overall, students reported various symptoms of physical and mental discomfort (especially females). Statistically significant differences were found in the problems that could arise from the pandemic, such as the prevalence of higher anxiety and worries by females, and online gaming by males. In coping strategies, differences were found in leisure and family relationships, with greater difficulty on the female side. Social interaction was perceived as difficult or very difficult by both genders. As strategies for future pandemics, they highlighted a concerted effort between the government and media in the transmission of messages to the population, facilitating information, knowledge and adoption of protective behaviors. (4) Conclusions: These results are important data for activating or maintaining resources and services for first-year university students, who in some university institutions were supported during the pandemic by psychological, material (e.g., computers, internet), and financial support measures, which are now diminished or extinct. The impacts on their lives will certainly not be extinguished post-pandemic, and health, education, and public policy measures should be prioritized for this group. These results are important data for activating resources and services for students, informing health and education professionals, and supporting public policies.
  • Cluster and business performance: Historical evidence from the Portuguese cork industry
    Publication . Branco, Amélia; Lopes, João Carlos
    This paper analyses the relative performance of clustered and non-clustered companies during the different phases of the cluster life cycle. It starts by explaining the location of most of the Portuguese cork manufacturing companies in Santa Maria da Feira, a small county in the north of the country, whereas the bulk of cork is produced in the South. The historical roots of the Feira cluster are examined, as well as the identification of its life cycle phases. The performance of clustered and non-clustered companies is compared using labour productivity data over a long time span of several decades. This exercise illustrates the crucial importance of history for the understanding of cluster dynamics, as well as many other (evolutionary) economic phenomena.
  • Cambios en la localización de la industria corchera mundial. Una perspectiva histórica
    Publication . Branco, Amélia
    Este trabajo aborda, de una forma descriptiva, los cambios de localización de la industria corchera desde mediados del siglo XVIII hasta la actualidad, proponiéndose los factores que, en nuestro criterio, están detrás de ellos. Lejos de procurar un análisis cuantitativo de las distintas facetas del negocio o de plantear una metodología novedosa, el artículo se presenta como un ensayo de historia económica que, a partir del conocimiento ya existente sobre la evolución del negocio en el último siglo, puede servir para entender mejor los cambios que se están produciendo en la actualidad en el mismo, y de esta forma ser útil para percibir mejor los factores de localización que pueden estar detrás de ellos.