Browsing by Author "Tulumello, Simone"
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- Afterword: DIY urbanism?Publication . Tulumello, Simone
- Against the Commons. A Radical History of Urban Planning [book review]Publication . Tulumello, Simone
- Agonistic security: Transcending (de/re)constructive divides in critical security studiesPublication . Tulumello, SimoneThis article is a contribution to transcending the dichotomy between deconstruction and reconstruction in critical security studies. In the first part, I review dominant (Western/liberal) logics of security and the main strands of critical security studies to argue for the need to: overcome the liberal framework of the balance among rights and freedom, with its inherent imbrication with the fantasy of absolute security; and, contra the ultimate conclusions of deconstructive critique, to take the desire for security seriously at the same time. By advocating for embracing the tensions that surface at this intersection, I then move to my reconstructive endeavor. I set out a meta-theory with both analytical and normative nature, agonistic security, inspired by the political theory developed by Mouffe and Laclau. Building on the opposition between antagonism and agonism, I argue that security belongs to the “political”, and that it constitutes a field of struggle for politicization. I then argue for three conceptual shifts, which concretely define agonistic security: i) from an absolute/static to a relational/dynamic understanding of security; ii) from universalism to pluralism at a world scale; and iii) from the dominance of individual rights in Western/liberal thinking toward security as a collective endeavor. In conclusion, I take a step back and discuss the implications of agonistic security for the role of critique in security studies.
- O Airbnb e os seus descontentamentos: da turismofobia aos movimentos sociais urbanosPublication . Tulumello, Simone
- An exploratory study of uses of ‘urban security’ and ‘urban safety’ in international urban studies literaturePublication . Tulumello, Simone; Falanga, RobertoThe article explores systematically, albeit preliminarily, the way the concepts of security and safety are employed in scholarly urban studies literature about crime (and the prevention of it). It employs network analysis on author keywords, complemented with text analysis of abstracts, over sets of bibliographic information retrieved from Web of Science. Using a critical interpretative analysis of findings, and looking at the geography of main scholarly communities in this field, the article highlights differences (especially at the operational level) and commonalities (especially at the conceptual level) in the way scholars understand urban security and urban safety. Concluding that this field of study is dominated by operational, evidence-based approaches, the article advocates for a renewed critical engagement of scholarship in this field, through studies that would shift their attention from technical ‘solutions’ to the ‘problems’ that lead societies to demand security/safety.
- "And who was left to deal with it? The police": reflecting on permanent, low-intensity austerity in MemphisPublication . Tulumello, SimoneIn this essay, I elaborate two ideas on austerity and its politics. First, though austerity is often understood as a “response” to any number of (economic, political…) crises, there are places where it is a permanent reality. And, second, despite being often equaled to state roll-back, austerity is rather a process by which state action is restructured with specific political goals. In contrast with Jeremy Peck’s extreme “austerity urbanism”, I discuss the use of austerity as a long-term entrenched mechanism of urban government, which I shall define “low-intensity” austerity. To do so, I focus on the case of Memphis, and more generally of the South of the US, which not only are marginalized by mainstream explanations of neoliberalism and austerity, but offer paradigmatic exemplifications of the entrenchment of low-intensity austerity with the US institutional and political system. In particular, I shall focus on the role of urban security and crime control, their policies and politics, and their central role in the restructuring of US local policymaking.
- Articulating urban change in Southern Europe. Gentrification, touristification and financialisation in Mouraria, LisbonPublication . Tulumello, Simone; Allegretti, GiovanniThe global or planetary reach of gentrification has become a mainstream in critical urban studies. And yet, the ‘travels’ of a concept originated in specific places and times have often brought about a loss of explanatory and strategic power. In this article, we argue that another concept, that of articulation developed by Laclau and Mouffe, is particularly adequate to help gentrification, touristification and financialisation to travel among places and levels of abstraction. In order to make this argument, we focus on Southern Europe, whose cities had long been considered scarcely gentrifiable and where, more recently, critical urban scholarship has made large use ogf gentrification, touristification and financialisation to explain the impacts of crisis, austerity, and afterwards economic rebound driven by real estate and tourism. We explore in multi-scalar perspective the trajectory of Mouraria, a historical neighbourhood in Lisbon – and particularly the dimensions of housing and local politics. We show how Mouraria, during the last decade, shifted from being a ‘deviant’ case – capable of taking advantage of neoliberal regeneration policies in order to keep its social diversity and most of its long-term residents – toward one ‘paradigmatic’ of urbanisation-as-accumulation and contentious urban politics. We explain this shift by focusing on its multi-scalar determinants; concluding that present urban change in many Southern European cities should be understood as the articulation of various processes, which include gentrification, touristification and financialisation.
- Between markets and social rights: confused EU housing policiesPublication . Tosics, Iván; Tulumello, SimoneThis chapter discusses the role – past and present, actual and potential – of the European Union (EU) in managing the tension between the market and social sides of housing. Despite never having been endowed with formal competence, the EU has always directly or indirectly influenced its Member States’ housing policies. To discuss this influence, we will look at the impact of other policy areas and of the way Cohesion Policy has dealt with housing. Concluding that the EU has overall played a role in fostering the financialisation of housing, but that some recent signs exist of the possible emergence of a different perspective, we move to presenting a number of ideas that can improve the role of the EU in pushing toward the social side of housing.
- [book review] A cidade democrática: Habitação e participação política no pós-25 de Abril, Ana Drago (2024)Publication . Tulumello, SimonePortuguese urban studies have had a revival in the last decade. Not only have new generations of scholars brought the present dynamics of urban change into the international limelight, but they have also engaged critically with the genealogies of those very dynamics. A cidade democrática: Habitação e participação política no pós-25 de Abril (‘The democratic city: Housing and democratic participation after April 25’) is a bold contribution to this second thread, and to scholarship on the intersection between the urban question and trajectories of politicization in the country in particular. It is a timely and important book, which provides a fresh outlook on a crucial decade in the making of contemporary Portugal, using the urban issue as a powerful lens for understanding democratization and politics more broadly.
- Brief assessment of the Portuguese Framework Law for HousingPublication . Tulumello, Simone; Silva, RitaFour decades after the inscription of the right to housing in article 65 of the 1976 democratic Constitution of the Portuguese state, Portugal was still missing a law that would operationalise that very right. Amid a housing crisis that is cutting through most sectors of the society, and in face of the repoliticisation of this field, the Portuguese Parliament has launched, in 2017, a process which culminated in the recent approval of the Framework Law for Housing (Lei de Bases da Habitação; Law 83/2019, 3 September; hereafter Law). What follows is an assessment of the text of the Law, put in wider perspective by taking stock of recent academic works on Portuguese housing conditions and policy, and of the experience of Habita in supporting struggles for the right to housing. In summary, despite constituting an important step forward in the construction of a national policy and legal framework, the Law falls short of constituting a robust framework that could be concretely mobilised in the defence of the right to housing – with the weakest components being the provisions on the legal protection of the right to housing and on protections in the context of eviction.