Browsing by Author "Neves, Pedro"
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- A alteração da estrutura acionista das companhias coloniais pombalinas : impactos do mercado secundário de títulos em Portugal no século XVIIIPublication . Costa, Leonor Freire; Neves, Pedro; Albuquerque, Tomás Pinto deAs companhias coloniais são um exemplo da conjugação de interesses entre o Estado e grupos empresariais, no que hoje chamamos uma parceria público-privada. Neste contrato, o Estado concede às empresas o direito de explorar e administrar um território e os investidores fornecem os fundos, esperando taxas de retorno gratificantes em resultado do monopólio legal. Este é um modelo comum a muitas potências coloniais europeias desde o século XVII. A historiografia tem questionado o potencial deste modelo para impulsionar o desenvolvimento financeiro e tem assumido que foi mais eficaz no Norte do que no Sul da Europa. Basicamente, a solução empreendedora para explorar regiões coloniais com base em sociedades anónimas poderá ter levado a resultados diferentes no que diz respeito ao funcionamento do mercado de capitais. Embora esta ideia prevaleça na literatura, não sabemos muito sobre o caso português. Até agora, nenhum estudo analisou a evolução da estrutura de propriedade dessas empresas. Se esta se alterou ao longo do período de vigência do contrato com o Estado é um tema em aberto que aguarda uma investigação que contribuirá para a compreensão das características do mercado de capitais em Portugal. Neste Documento de Trabalho apresentamos os primeiros resultados de um projeto de investigação sobre o desenvolvimento do mercado de capitais no Portugal do século XVIII. Analisamos a estrutura de propriedade de duas empresas coloniais, a Companhia Geral do Grão-Pará e Maranhão e a Companhia Geral de Pernambuco e Paraíba, fundadas em 1755 e 1759, respetivamente. O estudo das transações das suas ações revela uma mudança significativa na estrutura de propriedade que resultou da Oferta Pública Inicial. Trazendo novos dados, e contrariando a ideia predominante na historiografia portuguesa, este Documento de Trabalho mostra que estas companhias tiveram um papel no desenvolvimento do mercado de capitais em Portugal.
- An Implementation Framework for Emotion Based Adaptive AgentsPublication . Neves, Pedro; Gaspar, GraçaThe work presented in this document is part of the project AutoFocus: Adaptive Self-Improving Multi-Agent Systems' that is being developed at the research unit LabMAg, which objective is the implementation of multi-agent systems based on autonomous entities capable of self-optimized and adaptive behaviors. The notion of autonomic computation, like other notions that also imply pro-active computation, is based on autonomous entities that actively work to achieve their objectives and have the ability to dynamically adjust to changes in their environment, constrained by time and resource limits. In the approach used by the AutoFocus project, that adaptation to change and the regulation of the agent's capabilities, result from the combination of cognitive aspects with emotional based aspects. The agent model defined and used by the AutoFocus project is the Agent Flow Model. The task that corresponded to the work presented in this document was to develop a platform for the Agent Flow Model. It was intended, with this platform, to provide a tool that enables the rapid deployment and monitoring of agents based on this model. The developed work consisted in the analysis and design, oriented to objects, implementation and testing of components of this platform
- AutoFocus Framework DocumentationPublication . Gaspar, Graça; Morgado, Luís; Neves, PedroThe work presented in this document is part of the project "AutoFocus: Adaptive Self-Improving Multi-Agent Systems" that is being developed at the research unit LabMAg, which objective is the implementation of multi-agent systems based on autonomous entities capable of self-optimized and adaptive behaviors. The notion of autonomic computation, like other notions that also imply pro-active computation, is based on autonomous entities that actively work to achieve their objectives and have the ability to dynamically adjust to changes in their environment, constrained by time and resource limits. In the approach used by the AutoFocus project, that adaptation to change and the regulation of the agent's capabilities, result from the combination of cognitive aspects with emotional based aspects. The agent model defined and used by the AutoFocus project is the Agent Flow Model. The task that corresponded to the work presented in this document was to develop a platform for the Agent Flow Model. It was intended, with this platform, to provide a tool that enables the rapid deployment and monitoring of agents based on this model. The developed work consisted in the analysis and design, oriented to objects, implementation and testing of components of this platform.
- Democracia e plutocracia nas companhias coloniais pombalinas, 1757-1777Publication . Costa, Leonor Freire; Neves, Pedro; Albuquerque, Tomás Pinto deA literatura em história empresarial tem demonstrado que a liquidez dos títulos de propriedade das companhias teve consequências nas estruturas de distribuição do capital e do poder de decisão. Este artigo estuda as transações de ações das companhias coloniais pombalinas em comparação com a United East India Company. Encontrou uma distribuição do capital por acionista mais democrática do que em Inglaterra, mas também uma maior concentração do poder de voto e decisão. Conclui-se que a tendência plutocrática foi comum a uma monarquia absolutista ou parlamentar, mostrando que diferentes ordenamentos jurídicos tiveram impactos semelhantes na distribuição de poder.
- A Followership Approach to Leadership: The Interplay Between Leadership, Context, and Follower BehaviorsPublication . Velez, Maria João; Neves, PedroLeadership research has privileged leaders' active role in shaping leader–follower interactions, whereas much less attention has been given to how followers interact with leaders. We propose that leader–member exchange (LMX) mediates the relationship between followership and employee behaviors. We also suggest that top management openness (TMO) moderates these relationships. With a sample of 769 supervisor–subordinate dyads, we examined the role of followership and contextual variables on LMX and outcomes. We found that LMX mediates the relationship between proactive followership and voice and that this relationship was significant only when TMO was high. These findings suggest that followers play an active role in the leadership process and that to stimulate voice one should consider two levels of analysis: followers and leaders.
- Ranibizumab for the treatment of diabetic macular oedema in the real-world clinical setting in Portugal : a multicentre studyPublication . Farinha, Cláudia; Martins, Amélia; Neves, Arminda; Soares, Raquel; Ruão, Miguel; Ornelas, Mário; Neves, Pedro; Rodrigues, Filipa Gomes; Coelho, Constança; Silva, RufinoPurpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the 2-year outcome of ranibizumab for diabetic macular oedema (DME) in the real-life clinical practice of five ophthalmology departments of the National Health Service (NHS) in Portugal. Methods: This is a retrospective multicentre study. The clinical records on consecutive patients with DME from clinical practice treated with 0.5 mg intravitreal ranibizumab and followed up for 24 months were reviewed. Efficacy outcomes comprised the change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) evaluated by SD-OCT. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to explore predictors of BCVA. Results: A total of 122 eyes of 93 patients were included. The median BCVA change by 24 months was +5.0 letters (IQR 12.0) (p < 0.001) and the CMT change was –89.0 µm (IQR 165.0) (p < 0.001). By 24 months, 21.4% of the eyes had gained ≥15 letters and 8.6% had lost ≥15 letters. The median number of injections given during follow-up was 5.0 (IQR 4.0). A greater baseline CMT and a more disrupted status of the external limiting membrane were predictive of worse BCVA at 24 months (p ≤ 0.015). Conclusion: DME treatment with ranibizumab in the Portuguese NHS is associated with anatomic and functional improvement by 2 years; however, our results are below those reported in major clinical trials, and undertreatment is probably the cause.
- The interplay between ethical leadership and supervisor organizational embodiment on organizational identification and extra-role performancePublication . Costa, Sandra; Daher, Pascale; Neves, Pedro; Velez, Maria JoãoThis research shows the importance of supervisor organizational embodiment (SOE) for the relationship between ethical leadership and organizational identification. Drawing on the social identity model of organizational leadership, we propose that ethical leaders promote organizational identification and subsequently extra-role performance only when employees perceive that their leader shares the values and norms of their organization. In a two-wave study and a multi-source study, our findings suggest that the benefits of ethical leadership for organizational identification and consequently extra-role performance are dependent on high levels of SOE; when it is low, ethical leadership does not foster organizational identification, rendering SOE a necessary condition for this relationship. Further, the stability of the effects using multiple research designs strengthens the robustness of our findings. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.