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Da arquitectura à teoria e o universo da teoria da arquitectura em Portugal na primeira metade do século XX
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A palavra Arquitectura tem origem grega e o primeiro livro de Arquitectura que chegou até nós tem mais de dois mil anos. De então para cá vários foram os entendimentos sobre a Arquitectura, como conceito, como conjunto de existências construídas, como práticas profissionais, como conjunto de conhecimentos, como disciplina. O primeiro passo desta dissertação é o perscrutar esses entendimentos para definir um campo dentro do qual se pode falar de Arquitectura. Um segundo passo interroga a legitimidade contemporânea da disciplina da Arquitectura, o seu conteúdo, métodos e relações e finalmente a Teoria da Arquitectura. Enquanto um terceiro passo corresponde à observação, com a informação dos passos anteriores, do universo da Teoria da Arquitectura em Portugal na primeira metade do século XX, escolhendo três casos que se estendem por esse período: Raul Lino e a Casa Portuguesa a partir do debate nas revistas, bem como a sua luta contra a Arquitectura Moderna nos jornais diários; a geração Modernista presa à sua filiação Belas Artes, mas com uma vontade modernizante num particular contexto histórico; Keil do Amaral, figura de transição para o Movimento Moderno, preparando uma transformação disciplinar ao estabelecer a Arquitectura como uma base da felicidade dos povos e reconhecer a necessidade de uma racionalidade integrada, respondendo assim a uma nova responsabilidade e à evolução dos conhecimentos para um país que se pensava poder progredir.
ABSTRACT: The word Architecture has a greek origin and the first book on Architecture, that survived until know, has more than two thousand years. From that period to nowadays several understandings were produced about Architecture as a concept, as a body of building existences, as a professional practices, as a body of knowledges, as a discipline. The first step of this study is the inquiry about those understandings to define a field in which we can speak about Architecture. A second step is the interrogation about the contemporary legitimacy of the discipline of Architecture, his content, methods and relationships and at last the Theory of Architecture. The third step is the observation, with the information from the previous steps, of the world of the Theory of Architecture in Portugal during the first half of the 20th century, choosing three examples that existed in that period: Raul Lino and the Casa Portuguesa from the debate in the architectural reviews, and his fight against the Modern Architecture in the daily papers; the Modernist generation close to the Beaux Arts views, but with a modernizing will in a particular historic context; Keil do Amaral, which is an architect between two periods, in transition to the Modern Movement, preparing a transformation of the discipline rooted on the idea that Architecture is one of the bases of the people’s happiness and recognizing the need of a whole rationality, responding to a new responsibility and to the evolution of the knowledges in a country that many thought could progress.
ABSTRACT: The word Architecture has a greek origin and the first book on Architecture, that survived until know, has more than two thousand years. From that period to nowadays several understandings were produced about Architecture as a concept, as a body of building existences, as a professional practices, as a body of knowledges, as a discipline. The first step of this study is the inquiry about those understandings to define a field in which we can speak about Architecture. A second step is the interrogation about the contemporary legitimacy of the discipline of Architecture, his content, methods and relationships and at last the Theory of Architecture. The third step is the observation, with the information from the previous steps, of the world of the Theory of Architecture in Portugal during the first half of the 20th century, choosing three examples that existed in that period: Raul Lino and the Casa Portuguesa from the debate in the architectural reviews, and his fight against the Modern Architecture in the daily papers; the Modernist generation close to the Beaux Arts views, but with a modernizing will in a particular historic context; Keil do Amaral, which is an architect between two periods, in transition to the Modern Movement, preparing a transformation of the discipline rooted on the idea that Architecture is one of the bases of the people’s happiness and recognizing the need of a whole rationality, responding to a new responsibility and to the evolution of the knowledges in a country that many thought could progress.
Descrição
Doutoramento em Teoria da Arquitectura
Palavras-chave
Conceito de arquitectura Disciplina de arquitectura Teoria da arquitectura Raul Lino Geração modernista Keil do Amaral Concept of architecture Discipline of architecture Theory of architecture
Contexto Educativo
Citação
PEREIRA, Michel Toussaint Alves - Da arquitectura à teoria da arquitectura em Portugal na primeira metade do século XX. Lisboa : FAUTL, 2009. Tese de doutoramento
Editora
Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Arquitectura