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- Geography in the big data age: an overview of the historical resonance of current debatesPublication . Ferreira, Daniela; Vale, MárioAlthough much has been written about the challenges of big data, there has been little reflection on the historicity of such debates and what we can learn from it. With this in mind, the aim of this article is to situate the epistemological debates over big data in geography historically. We focus on the three most relevant topics in current discussions around big data that have significant historical resonance, namely its methodological challenges, its scientific value, and its positionality. We conclude by arguing that understanding the historical resonance of current big data debates is helpful to find new ways to question its epistemological consequences.
- The emotional body in the main street: individual interpretations of biosensing data.Publication . Pedro, Tomás; Paiva, Daniel; Gonçalves, Ana; Ferreira, DanielaBiosensing is becoming a popular method among urban scholars interested in the experience of urban space. Biosensing refers to the capture of physiological signals such as electrodermal activity, brain activity or heart rate through wearable devices. Such signals can be used to understand individual physical, emotional and cognitive responses to the urban environment. It has been widely argued that biosensing allows scholars to reduce the burden on research participants, while obtaining more precise data on the affectivity of urban space. However, biosensing studies show a different scenario. It has been shown that biosensing data is often ambiguous and thus must be contextualized with qualitative data through interviews or diaries. Despite the acknowledgement of the necessity of mixing biosensing techniques with qualitative methods, there is little exploration of how research participants understand and interpret biosensing data. With this in mind, this paper presents the results of a biosensing study which has been conducted in Avenida da Igreja, Lisbon (Portugal) between May and September 2022. In this study, 20 individuals participated in a two-step activity. First, participants undertook individual walks wearing a Empatica E4 wristband, which measures electrodermal activity. Secondly, a post-walk interview in which the biosensing data was elicited was conducted. The results of these study highlight the differing interpretations of biosensing data and the generativity of undertaking in-depth conversations through the elicitation of biosensing data.
- Making urban planning and design smarter with participatory mobile biosensingPublication . Paiva, Daniel; Ferreira, Daniela; Boavida-Portugal, InêsThe objective of this project is to develop and test inclusive and participatory mixed methodologies that use biosensor data to plan and design healthy, convivial, and sustainable tourism, consumption and leisure areas.
- Biosensor data, participatory methods, and urban designPublication . Paiva, Daniel; Pedro, Tomás; Brito Henriques, Eduardo; Costa, Pablo; Boavida-Portugal, Inês; Ferreira, Daniela; Cachinho, HerculanoThe objective of this paper is to explore the application of biosensing techniques in participatory approaches to urban design, namely community mapping and scenario-elicitation. Wearable biosensors, such as electrodermal activity sensors or electroencephalograms, are increasingly used in the study of the sensory, emotional and cognitive experience of urban space (Osborne, 2022). This is happening in tandem with a growing number of experiments in emotion-sensitive urban design and planning, in which biosensor data can produce more precise and accurate information on bodily reactions to the urban environment (Birenboim et al., 2019. However, albeit unintentionally, biosensor data has often been used in ways that marginalize the voices of participants, which is problematic in the context of urban design and planning as it might lead to technocratic and exclusionary interventions (Paiva et al., 2023). With this in mind, rather than focusing exclusively on biodata, we aim to further explore the potential of biosensor data for established participatory methods in urban research, following recent calls for making biosensing studies more participatory (Willis & Nold 2022). We draw on a study conducted in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, in which a total of 25 urban dwellers participated in a series of participatory mobile biosensing workshops which aimed to debate urban regeneration interventions in two main streets, namely Avenida da Igreja (Alvalade, Lisboa) and Rua Pulido Valente (Colinas do Cruzeiro, Odivelas). The workshops included two stages. First, participants were invited to walk individually through the main street wearing a GPS tracker and an Empatica E4 Wristband, which captured their electrodermal activity in real time. Secondly, participants took part in a collective workshop, in which they were invited to engage in a collective emotional mapping session, and to construct and debate urban regeneration intervention scenarios based on the emotional mapping. The findings of this study highlight the main opportunities and challenges that might arise when introducing biosensing techniques in participatory methodologies. We argue that focusing on the potential of biodata to improve the capacity of urban citizens for reflecting and communicating their own urban experience is a crucial step to guarantee that biosensing approaches can contribute toward more inclusive cities.
- From cyberspace to cyberspatialities?Publication . Ferreira, Daniela; Vale, MárioThis paper is a short reflection on the evolution of the meaning of the term cyberspace for geographers. We argue that the concept of cyberspace has become a rhizomatic one as spatial thinkers have unveiled its complex inner and outer networkings. While cyberspace was initially understood as a new open space ripe for exploration, its intricate connections with real space through the technological infrastructures that make cyberspace possible have led geographers to consider the multiple points of access and types of cyberspace. More recently, there has been renewed attention to the inner geographies of cyberspace and its cyberdivides have been exposed. We briefly retrace this evolution to argue that the way forward is to shift from an idea of cyberspace as a predefined space to a notion of cyberspatialities as ongoing spatial digital formations.
- Platform Economy and Uneven Financial Geographies: The Case of Fintech in PortugalPublication . Vale, Mário; Ferreira, DanielaThis chapter examines Portugal's fintech ecosystem within the global platform capitalism context, examining its role in urban development and regional disparities. The study addresses the theoretical implications of the global fintech revolution, emphasizing digital transformation and financial inclusion. It details Portugal's fintech evolution, regulatory challenges, and investment trends, noting the concentration of fintech activities in urban centers like Lisbon and Porto. The chapter concludes by discussing the opportunities and challenges facing Portugal's fintech sector, including regulatory navigation, cybersecurity, and the potential for economic inequality.
- Geographies of the platform economy: critical perspectivesPublication . Vale, Mário; Ferreira, Daniela; Rodrigues, NunoThis book provides a wider understanding of the geographies of the platform economy, focusing on the critical perspectives that have emerged on this new economic and digital context. Technological development, particularly the emergence of big data in combination with platforms, additive manufacturing, advanced robotics, machine learning and the internet of things, has created conditions for the appearance of a new economic context predominantly based on new forms of services. This new economic context has been described as the platform economy or platform capitalism. Other designations have also appeared to describe particular consequences of this new phenomena, such as the gig economy or the sharing economy. There is a significant diversity of scientific fields that are studying topics related to the platform economy. Several studies have emerged from different fields, including, but not limited to, geography, economy, sociology, information science, management, marketing, or the humanities. However, geography has become an important field to understand the platform economy given its critical position over the economic, cultural, and social issues that stem from this new economic context. The purpose of this book is to approach these discussions and offer a critical view of the platform economy from the perspective of geography, stemming from the different subfields of the discipline and not restricted to what has been referred to as Digital Geography. This book will appeal to scholars, undergraduate and postgraduate students in the social sciences. It will be particularly relevant to those with research interests in digital geographies and economic geography, economics and business.
- Biotecnologias em estudos da Geografia Urbana e no Turismo: uma introduçãoPublication . Paiva, Daniel; Ferreira, DanielaMarco Teórico - Representação e o Não-representacional - Subjetividades, Afetos (Affect) e Sensações - Materialismo Relacional - Movimento, Tempo e Eventos - Pensamento em Ação (Thinking-in-action) - Métodos Atmosféricos - Métodos Móveis - Big data / Thick data
- Communicating the Urban Experience through Biosensing: A Participatory ApproachPublication . Paiva, Daniel; Gonçalves, Ana; Ferreira, Daniela; Pedro, Tomás; Boavida-Portugal, InêsAdvances in biosensing technologies have led to the commercialization of novel lightweight wearable devices, which have been praised by urban scholars for offering the possibility to quantify emotions in real-world settings, something that had proven to be very challenging until now. Although many studies mix biosensing with qualitative methods to provide a clearer picture of what physiological data might mean in terms of emotions, there has been little exploration of how people interpret their own biodata. Following calls for greater attention to participation in biosensing studies, this article explores the nuances of the interpretation of biodata by research participants. Drawing on the findings of a study in which participants were invited to reflect on and discuss their own biodata during and after a walk in a high street in Lisbon, we show how exposing participants to biodata creates moments of bounded interference that foster in-depth reflection about the urban experience. With this in mind, we discuss how bounded interference can be a generative driver for more detailed discussions about spatial experiences.
- Plataformização do espaço urbano: o caso das plataformas de entregas na Área Metropolitana de LisboaPublication . Rodrigues, Nuno; Ferreira, Daniela; Vale, MárioDe forma sucinta, as plataformas de entregas providenciam um serviço de entregas entre um ponto de recolha (geralmente na área da restauração ou do comércio em geral) e um ponto de entrega (geralmente dirigida a um consumidor final). Tratando-se de um serviço que não é exclusivo de tais plataformas, a sua especificidade passa pela capacidade de providenciar uma estrutura algorítmica capaz de colocar em interação diferentes utilizadores, criando assim um mercado com regras e mecanismos próprios a cada plataforma e para cada tipo de utilizador (Srnicek, 2017).
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