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Contributos do design inclusivo na autonomia e independência dos idosos
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O Envelhecimento é um processo natural do ser humano, em que não só se
perdem algumas
capacidades físicas e motoras, como se perdem igualmente
capacidades sensoriais e cognitivas. Estes acontecimentos não significam que a
pessoa tem menos sabedoria, muito pelo contrário, tal como foi afirmado pelo
filósofo Platão, na era antiga, “Devemos aprender durante toda a vida, sem
imaginar que a sabedoria vem com a velhice” (PLATÃO, s.a, s.p). Um dos locais
onde se guardam todas estas vivências e momentos é a habitação, pertencente
a cada pessoa, deve por isso reunir todas as condições necessárias para garantir
o maior tempo possível de permanência nela, proporcionando uma maior
autonomia, independência e conforto. Esse conforto, autonomia e independência
são possíveis aquando da existência de produtos otimizados que contenham a
capacidade de se adaptarem e personalizarem perante as suas necessidades do seu
dia-a-dia. Nesta investigação, um dos problemas alvo é a toma da medicação que
possui ainda demasiadas lacunas que impossibilitam a boa toma da medicação
e, por sua vez, torna-se difícil manter a saúde e o bem-estar duradouros. Afinal,
o que todas as pessoas idealizam é que possam viver as suas vidas o melhor
possível com saúde, em suas casas e o mais tempo possível.
O grande objetivo deste projeto foi, portanto, a criação de um produto que
conseguisse controlar e apoiar os idosos na toma da medicação de forma correta,
dadas as suas perdas de capacidades naturais do envelhecimento, como a visão,
a audição, a memória e a mobilidade e habilidade. Assim, contribuir-se-á não só
para uma vida mais saudável, como também para uma vida com mais autonomia
e independência. Para além disso, existe um outro grande objetivo na criação
deste produto e serviço, a integração da população idosa nos novos avanços
tecnológicos para que também ela possa usufruir de todos os benefícios que daí
advêm. Embora grande parte da população idosa não esteja familiarizada com
as tecnologias, e daí a internet das coisas, um forte tema deste projeto leva a que
seja necessário a adaptação e permissão de aprendizagem destes novos serviços,
ou seja, este produto tem em conta todos esses factores e pretende resolvê-los
tendo em conta um Design com tecnologia e que seja, em simultâneo, intuitivo
na sua utilização.
A junção entre a possibilidade de existir mais apoio na toma da medicação
e, em simultâneo, o uso da internet das coisas permite também chamar à
responsabilidade os cuidadores, permitindo que os mesmos possam ajudar e
supervisionar à distância, através de uma aplicação, existindo por isso a ligação
entre o produto e as pessoas, bem como entre o idoso e os seus cuidadores, sejam
eles familiares ou instituições externas.
Assim sendo, para esta investigação foi necessário adquirir conhecimentos
teóricos e práticos, portanto, foi indispensável a investigação dos seguintes tópicos: Design de produto, Design inclusivo, Design empático, Design de
interação, Design de Interface, Ergonomia e antropometria, Sustentabilidade,
Saúde e bem-estar. A metodologia utilizada baseia-se na análise de estudo de
casos, na realização de inquéritos e observação direta, recorrendo-se a quatro
diferentes grupos de amostra, sendo cada um deles constituído por sete pessoas
com mais de sessenta e cinco anos.
ABSTRACT: Aging is a natural human process in which not only physical and motor abilities are lost, but also sensory and cognitive abilities are lost. These events do not mean that one has less wisdom, quite the contrary, as the philosopher Platão said in the ancient age, “We must learn throughout our lives, without imagining that wisdom comes with old age” (PLATÃO, s.a. , s.p). One of the places where all experiences and moments of life are kept is the home, belonging to each person, must therefore meet all the necessary conditions to contribute for the possibility of living in the maximum time in it, providing a greater autonomy, independence and comfort. This comfort, autonomy and independence is possible when there are optimized products that contain the ability to adapt and customize themselves to the daily needs of the user. In this investigation one of the problems is targeting the medication that has too many gaps that make it impossible to take the medication properly and in turn it becomes difficult to maintain long-term health and well-being. After all, what all people idealize is that they can live their lives as healthily as possible in their homes and for as long as possible. The main objective of this project was therefore the creation of a product that could control and support the elderly in taking the medication correctly, given their losses of natural aging capacities, such as vision, hearing, memory and mobility and skill. This will contribute not only to a healthier life, but also to a life with more autonomy and independence. In addition, there is another major objective in the creation of this product and service, the integration of the elderly population in the new technological advances so that they also can benefit from all the benefits that come from it. Although the great part of the elderly population is not familiar with the technologies, and hence the internet of things, a strong theme of this project, it takes the adaptation and learning permission of these new services, that is, this product takes into account all these facts and intends to solve them taking into account a Design with technology and simultaneously that is intuitive in its use. The combination of the possibility of having more support in taking the medication and simultaneously the use of the internet also allows the caregivers to be called to the responsibility, allowing them to help and supervise at distance, through an application, which turns into the link between the product and the people, as well as between the elderly and their caregivers, be they family or external institutions. Having said that for this investigation it was necessary to acquire theoretical and practical knowledge, therefore it was indispensable to investigate the following topics: Product design; Inclusive Design, Empathic Design, Interaction Design, Interface Design, Ergonomics and Anthropometry, Sustainability, Health and Well-being. The methodology used is based on the analysis of case studies, the conduct of surveys and direct observation, using four different sample groups, each of which includes seven people over sixty-five years old.
ABSTRACT: Aging is a natural human process in which not only physical and motor abilities are lost, but also sensory and cognitive abilities are lost. These events do not mean that one has less wisdom, quite the contrary, as the philosopher Platão said in the ancient age, “We must learn throughout our lives, without imagining that wisdom comes with old age” (PLATÃO, s.a. , s.p). One of the places where all experiences and moments of life are kept is the home, belonging to each person, must therefore meet all the necessary conditions to contribute for the possibility of living in the maximum time in it, providing a greater autonomy, independence and comfort. This comfort, autonomy and independence is possible when there are optimized products that contain the ability to adapt and customize themselves to the daily needs of the user. In this investigation one of the problems is targeting the medication that has too many gaps that make it impossible to take the medication properly and in turn it becomes difficult to maintain long-term health and well-being. After all, what all people idealize is that they can live their lives as healthily as possible in their homes and for as long as possible. The main objective of this project was therefore the creation of a product that could control and support the elderly in taking the medication correctly, given their losses of natural aging capacities, such as vision, hearing, memory and mobility and skill. This will contribute not only to a healthier life, but also to a life with more autonomy and independence. In addition, there is another major objective in the creation of this product and service, the integration of the elderly population in the new technological advances so that they also can benefit from all the benefits that come from it. Although the great part of the elderly population is not familiar with the technologies, and hence the internet of things, a strong theme of this project, it takes the adaptation and learning permission of these new services, that is, this product takes into account all these facts and intends to solve them taking into account a Design with technology and simultaneously that is intuitive in its use. The combination of the possibility of having more support in taking the medication and simultaneously the use of the internet also allows the caregivers to be called to the responsibility, allowing them to help and supervise at distance, through an application, which turns into the link between the product and the people, as well as between the elderly and their caregivers, be they family or external institutions. Having said that for this investigation it was necessary to acquire theoretical and practical knowledge, therefore it was indispensable to investigate the following topics: Product design; Inclusive Design, Empathic Design, Interaction Design, Interface Design, Ergonomics and Anthropometry, Sustainability, Health and Well-being. The methodology used is based on the analysis of case studies, the conduct of surveys and direct observation, using four different sample groups, each of which includes seven people over sixty-five years old.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Design, com a especialização em Produto apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre.
Palavras-chave
Design inclusivo Envelhecimento Design sustentável Saúde e bem-estar Internet das coisas Inclusive design Aging Sustainable design Health and wellness Internet of things
Contexto Educativo
Citação
LOURENÇO, Letícia Maria Heleno - Contributos do design inclusivo na autonomia e independência dos idosos : design de equipamento e independência dos idosos.- Lisboa: FA, 2018. Dissertação de Mestrado.
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura