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Authors
Abstract(s)
A presente investigação discute os processos de Design em casos de Inovação Social. O foco do estudo está nos processos de iniciativas subsidiadas por instrumentos políticos. Este estudo representa um novo foco na investigação de Design e Inovação Social, pois é considerado o designer e a estrutura política que favorece a Inovação Social. A investigação destaca a necessidade de usar instrumentos políticos adequados às etapas do processo de Design assim como planear os desafios sociais e os desafios de Design em cada projeto.
Três perspectivas teóricas orientam o estudo dos processos em Inovação Social. A primeira é centrada no agente e difundida nos estudos de Design. A segunda é estruturalista e é estudada pelas teorias organizacionais. A terceira proposta estuda os agentes e as estruturas sociais e sugere a institucionalização das práticas. O presente estudo assume a terceira perspectiva teórica para descrever os processos de Design em casos de Inovação Social.
A metodologia seguida é de carácter exploratório e adota a abordagem qualitativa. O método central da investigação é o estudo de caso. Os casos estudados, portugueses e brasileiros, são organizados em três tipologias: casos profissionais, casos de investigação e casos de ensino. Para a triangulação de dados foram utilizados métodos qualitativos. A recolha dos dados de fonte primária ocorreu por: a) entrevistas com os líderes de Design dos projetos; b) análise dos documentos de planeamento do projeto; c) análise de fontes não intrusivas.
O estudo resulta num modelo conceitual que relaciona instrumentos políticos específicos com cada etapa do processo de Design. As conclusões apontam que os casos de Design em Inovação social acedem aos instrumentos políticos de investimento apenas na fase inicial do processo; a duração dos projetos está relacionada com o tempo estipulado pelos instrumentos políticos; os investimentos não correspondem às necessidades da Inovação Social na totalidade, pois são aplicáveis até a fase de implementação do protótipo; a sustentabilidade dos projetos não é prevista; as iniciativas propõem respostas aos desafios sociais atuais e não procuram responder aos desafios sociais conjecturados.
ABSTRACT: This study discuss the Design processes in Social Innovation cases. The focus is the processes of the initiatives subsidized by policy tools. This study represents a new focus in the investigation of Design and Social Innovation, since it is considered the designer and the political structure that favors Social Innovation. The research highlights the need to use policy tools appropriate to the stages of the Design process as well as to plan the social challenges and the Design challenges for each project. Three main theoretical perspectives guide the study of Social Innovation processes. The first is agent-centered and widespread in Design studies. The second is structuralist and is studied by organizational theories. The third proposal studies the agents and the social structures and suggests the institutionalization of the practices. This study assumes the third theoretical perspective to describe the processes of Design in Social Innovation cases. The methodology used is exploratory and adopts the qualitative approach. The central method of investigation is the case study. The cases selected, Portuguese and Brazilian, are organized into three typologies: professional cases, research cases and education cases. Qualitative methods were used for the triangulation of data. The collection of the primary source data occurred by: a) interviews with the designers leaders of the cases; b) analysis of project planning documents; c) analysis of non-intrusive sources. The study results in a conceptual model that relates the appropriate policy tools to each stage of the Design process. Conclusions point to the fact that Design in Social Innovation cases access the policy tools only in the initial phase of the process; the duration of the projects is related to the time stipulated by the policy tools; the investments do not correspond to the needs of Social Innovation, since they are applicable until the implementation phase of prototype; the sustainability of the projects is not foreseen; the initiatives propose responses to the current social challenges and do not seek to respond to the social challenges conjectured.
ABSTRACT: This study discuss the Design processes in Social Innovation cases. The focus is the processes of the initiatives subsidized by policy tools. This study represents a new focus in the investigation of Design and Social Innovation, since it is considered the designer and the political structure that favors Social Innovation. The research highlights the need to use policy tools appropriate to the stages of the Design process as well as to plan the social challenges and the Design challenges for each project. Three main theoretical perspectives guide the study of Social Innovation processes. The first is agent-centered and widespread in Design studies. The second is structuralist and is studied by organizational theories. The third proposal studies the agents and the social structures and suggests the institutionalization of the practices. This study assumes the third theoretical perspective to describe the processes of Design in Social Innovation cases. The methodology used is exploratory and adopts the qualitative approach. The central method of investigation is the case study. The cases selected, Portuguese and Brazilian, are organized into three typologies: professional cases, research cases and education cases. Qualitative methods were used for the triangulation of data. The collection of the primary source data occurred by: a) interviews with the designers leaders of the cases; b) analysis of project planning documents; c) analysis of non-intrusive sources. The study results in a conceptual model that relates the appropriate policy tools to each stage of the Design process. Conclusions point to the fact that Design in Social Innovation cases access the policy tools only in the initial phase of the process; the duration of the projects is related to the time stipulated by the policy tools; the investments do not correspond to the needs of Social Innovation, since they are applicable until the implementation phase of prototype; the sustainability of the projects is not foreseen; the initiatives propose responses to the current social challenges and do not seek to respond to the social challenges conjectured.
Description
Tese de Doutoramento em Design, com a especialização em Design apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Doutor.
Keywords
Processos de design Inovação social no Brasil, Inovação social em Portugal Políticas de inovação social Casos de design Design processes Social innovation in Brazil Social innovation in Portugal Social innovation policies Design cases
Pedagogical Context
Citation
PORTO, Renata Gastal - Processos de design e inovação social : expetativas, êxitos e desvios em projetos financiados.- Lisboa: FA, 2019. Tese de Doutoramento.
Publisher
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura