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Impressão 3D de guias específicos femoral e tibial na reconstrução do LCA
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Resumo(s)
The reconstruction of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (RACL) is a widely discussed topic in the field of Orthopedics. Different techniques, approaches, grafts, and the positioning of the femoral and tibial footprints raise numerous questions among specialists in this surgery. Recently, the creation of patient-specific guides has emerged in various areas of healthcare, and orthopedics is no exception. It is believed and has been demonstrated that the use of these guides provides significant value to both surgical practice and the patient. This project focused on the development of femoral and tibial patient-specific guides using 3D printing, based on Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to produce high-quality models of the bones and ligament. These guides serve as a complement to the existing Stryker VersiTomic® surgical instrumentation. Practically, this involved the reproduction of the pointers from the mentioned instrumentation. The femur, tibia, and ACL models were obtained from CT and MRI images. These models were merged, and the footprint location on the injured knee was identified. A bone contour was created, which, combined with fitting parts, allowed to produce the specific guide. The primary objective of this guide is to ensure the precise location of the femoral and tibial footprints and, consequently, the positioning of the tunnels during the surgical process. This would reduce surgery time and facilitate the identification of the footprint, as it is determined by superficial bone references (landmarks). The results were highly positive, revealing accuracy in the footprint positioning by comparing the digital model with the physical model, as validation in a surgical environment was not possible. Some errors may be associated with the use of manual tools. Nevertheless, the legacy of this thesis serves as a starting point for future researchers to replicate and improve certain processes, aiming to create increasingly precise patient-specific models, thereby advancing individualized medicine.
Descrição
Tese de Mestrado, Engenharia Biomédica e Biofísica, 2025, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências
Palavras-chave
Anterior Cruciate Ligament patient-specific guides Femur Tibia 3D Printing