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Evaluation of two equine asthma staging methods against lung function tests
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A asma equina é uma das doenças respiratórias crónicas não infeciosas mais prevalentes, representando um desafio para o diagnóstico e estadiamento clínico, tanto em contexto de campo como em ambiente hospitalar. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar possíveis associações e/ou correlações entre dois métodos distintos de classificação clínica — o Índice de Sinais Respiratórios Avaliado pelo Proprietário (HOARSI) e o Método de Classificação de Tilley et al., 2012 (TILLEY) — e métodos de referência, como a citologia do Lavado Broncoalveolar (BALF) e parâmetros de função pulmonar. Estes incluíram a pressão parcial arterial de oxigénio (PaO₂), a diferença de pressão pleural (ΔPpl) e a concentração de histamina, medida por pletismografia com broncoprovocação. Foram observadas fortes correlações entre a frequência da tosse e o HOARSI (γ = 0.935), a percentagem de neutrófilos no BALF e o HOARSI (γ = 0.924), bem como entre a concentração de histamina e o TILLEY (γ = -0.927). A ΔPpl também apresentou associações significativas com o HOARSI (r = 0.677) e o TILLEY (r = 0.631). Os resultados demonstram a fiabilidade destes métodos para avaliar a gravidade da doença. Em conjunto, HOARSI e TILLEY permitem um diagnóstico precoce, monitorização terapêutica e bem-estar dos cavalos afetados
Equine asthma is one of the most prevalent non-infectious chronic respiratory diseases, posing considerable challenges for diagnosis and staging, both in field conditions and clinical settings. This study aimed to evaluate potential associations and/or correlations between two distinct clinical staging methods—the Horse Owner Assessed Respiratory Signs Index (HOARSI) and the Tilley et al., 2012 Staging Method (TILLEY)—and gold standard diagnostic tools such as Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid (BALF) cytology and key lung function parameters. These included arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂), difference in pleural pressure (ΔPpl), and histamine concentration measured via plethysmography with bronchoprovocation. Strong correlations were observed between cough frequency and HOARSI (γ = 0.935), BALF neutrophil percentage and HOARSI (γ = 0.924), as well as histamine concentration and TILLEY (γ = -0.927). Additionally, ΔPpl showed significant associations with both HOARSI (r = 0.677) and TILLEY (r = 0.631). These results support the reliability of both methods for assessing disease severity in horses. The study highlights the complementary roles of HOARSI and TILLEY in equine asthma: HOARSI as a practical and efficient screening tool, especially in ambulatory settings, and TILLEY as a more detailed in hospital staging method. Combined, they enhance early diagnosis, staging accuracy, treatment monitoring, and overall welfare of affected horses
Equine asthma is one of the most prevalent non-infectious chronic respiratory diseases, posing considerable challenges for diagnosis and staging, both in field conditions and clinical settings. This study aimed to evaluate potential associations and/or correlations between two distinct clinical staging methods—the Horse Owner Assessed Respiratory Signs Index (HOARSI) and the Tilley et al., 2012 Staging Method (TILLEY)—and gold standard diagnostic tools such as Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid (BALF) cytology and key lung function parameters. These included arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂), difference in pleural pressure (ΔPpl), and histamine concentration measured via plethysmography with bronchoprovocation. Strong correlations were observed between cough frequency and HOARSI (γ = 0.935), BALF neutrophil percentage and HOARSI (γ = 0.924), as well as histamine concentration and TILLEY (γ = -0.927). Additionally, ΔPpl showed significant associations with both HOARSI (r = 0.677) and TILLEY (r = 0.631). These results support the reliability of both methods for assessing disease severity in horses. The study highlights the complementary roles of HOARSI and TILLEY in equine asthma: HOARSI as a practical and efficient screening tool, especially in ambulatory settings, and TILLEY as a more detailed in hospital staging method. Combined, they enhance early diagnosis, staging accuracy, treatment monitoring, and overall welfare of affected horses
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária, área científica de Clínica
Palavras-chave
Asma equina Estadiamento HOARSI TILLEY Testes de função pulmonar Equine asthma Staging HOARSI TILLEY Lung function tests