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Identificação de fatores prognósticos e avaliação da resposta ao tratamento em gatos com infeção por calicivírus felino : um estudo retrospetivo
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O Calicivírus Felino (FCV) é um dos agentes causadores da doença do trato respiratório superior (URTD). A infeção por este vírus está amplamente disseminada na população de gatos e é caracterizada por uma alta morbilidade, mas baixa mortalidade. A infeção por FCV é responsável por uma variedade de apresentações clínicas e desfechos diferentes, o que torna a avaliação de fatores de prognóstico um desafio médico-veterinário. Este estudo retrospetivo consistiu na caraterização de uma população de gatos com diagnóstico definitivo de calicivírus felino internados na Unidade de Isolamento e Contenção Biológica (UICB) do Hospital Escolar da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária (HEV-FMV). Nos animais em estudo foram identificados fatores de prognóstico e foi concebido um score clínico para avaliação dos mesmos, de forma a estudar a evolução dos pacientes e a resposta ao tratamento aplicado. Entre maio de 2016 e fevereiro de 2024, foram identificados 63 animais, que corresponderam aos critérios de inclusão deste estudo. As variáveis “ulceração mucocutânea” (p-value = 0,034), “leucopenia” (p-value = 0,020) e “neutropenia” (p-value = 0,021) foram associadas a uma maior probabilidade de morte hospitalar e as variáveis “idade superior a 1 ano” (p-value = 0,042) e “linfopenia” (p-value = 0,017), foram associadas a internamentos mais prolongados. Por outro lado, as variáveis “taquipneia” (p-value = 0,028) e “taquicardia” (p value = 0,017) foram associadas a internamentos menos prolongados. Foi identificado um decréscimo significativo do score clínico dos animais à saída de internamento em relação ao score clínico dos animais à entrada em internamento (p-value = 5,972 X 10-10), o que demonstrou uma eficácia do tratamento aplicado. A identificação de fatores associados a diferentes prognósticos pode ajudar o clínico a tomar decisões de forma oportuna e metódica. Neste estudo, concluiu-se que existem fatores que podem ser associados a um diferente prognóstico num animal infetado com calicivírus felino e que um tratamento adequado do paciente internado leva a uma melhoria significativa dos sinais clínicos. Estudos futuros deverão utilizar uma amostra maior e ser de natureza prospetiva para reduzir a subjetividade na aplicação do score clínico
ABSTRACT - Identification of Prognostic Factors and Evaluation of Treatment Response in Cats with Feline Calicivirus Infection: A Retrospective Study - Feline calicivirus (FCV) is among the causative agents of upper respiratory tract disease (URTD). The infection with this virus is widespread in the cat population and is marked by high morbidity but low mortality rates. FCV infection leads to a range of clinical presentations and outcomes, what makes the evaluation of prognostic factors a veterinary medical challenge. This retrospective study aimed to characterize a group of cats with a confirmed diagnosis of FCV admitted at the Biological Isolation and Containment Unit (BICU) of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (VTH-FVM). The study identified prognostic factors in the cats and developed a clinical scoring system to evaluate them, in order to understand the evolution of the patients and their response to the applied treatment. Between May 2016 and February 2024, 63 animals meeting the inclusion criteria were identified. Variables such as "mucocutaneous ulceration" (p-value = 0.034), "leukopenia" (p value = 0.020), and "neutropenia" (p-value = 0.021) were associated with a higher probability of hospital mortality, while "age over 1 year" (p-value = 0.042) and "lymphopenia" (p-value = 0.017) were linked to longer hospital stays. Conversely, "tachypnea" (p-value = 0.028) and "tachycardia" (p-value = 0.017) were associated with shorter hospital stays. A significant decrease in the clinical score of cats discharged from the hospital, compared to their score upon admission, was observed (p-value = 5.972 x 10^-10), indicating the effectiveness of the treatment applied. Identifying factors related to various prognoses can aid veterinarians in making timely and systematic decisions. This study concluded that certain factors are associated with different prognoses in cats infected with FCV, and that appropriate treatment for hospitalized patients leads to significant improvement in clinical signs. Future studies should use larger sample sizes and adopt a prospective approach to minimize subjectivity in the application of the clinical scoring system
ABSTRACT - Identification of Prognostic Factors and Evaluation of Treatment Response in Cats with Feline Calicivirus Infection: A Retrospective Study - Feline calicivirus (FCV) is among the causative agents of upper respiratory tract disease (URTD). The infection with this virus is widespread in the cat population and is marked by high morbidity but low mortality rates. FCV infection leads to a range of clinical presentations and outcomes, what makes the evaluation of prognostic factors a veterinary medical challenge. This retrospective study aimed to characterize a group of cats with a confirmed diagnosis of FCV admitted at the Biological Isolation and Containment Unit (BICU) of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (VTH-FVM). The study identified prognostic factors in the cats and developed a clinical scoring system to evaluate them, in order to understand the evolution of the patients and their response to the applied treatment. Between May 2016 and February 2024, 63 animals meeting the inclusion criteria were identified. Variables such as "mucocutaneous ulceration" (p-value = 0.034), "leukopenia" (p value = 0.020), and "neutropenia" (p-value = 0.021) were associated with a higher probability of hospital mortality, while "age over 1 year" (p-value = 0.042) and "lymphopenia" (p-value = 0.017) were linked to longer hospital stays. Conversely, "tachypnea" (p-value = 0.028) and "tachycardia" (p-value = 0.017) were associated with shorter hospital stays. A significant decrease in the clinical score of cats discharged from the hospital, compared to their score upon admission, was observed (p-value = 5.972 x 10^-10), indicating the effectiveness of the treatment applied. Identifying factors related to various prognoses can aid veterinarians in making timely and systematic decisions. This study concluded that certain factors are associated with different prognoses in cats infected with FCV, and that appropriate treatment for hospitalized patients leads to significant improvement in clinical signs. Future studies should use larger sample sizes and adopt a prospective approach to minimize subjectivity in the application of the clinical scoring system
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária, área científica de Sanidade Animal
Palavras-chave
FCV Gato Desfecho Prognóstico Score clínico FCV Cat Outcome Prognosis Clinical score
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Santo António IG. 2024. Identificação de fatores prognósticos e avaliação da resposta ao tratamento em gatos com infeção por calicivírus felino : um estudo retrospetivo [dissertação de mestrado]. Lisboa: FMV-Universidade de Lisboa
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária