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Liderança e governação nas instituições particulares de solidariedade social em Portugal
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Os dirigentes sociais assumem uma posição primordial no sucesso/insucesso e
continuidade das Instituições Particulares de Solidariedade Social (IPSS) cujas atividades
desenvolvidas têm em comum o bem-estar social coletivo. Esta investigação visou explorar em
que medida o exercício da liderança e consequentes modos de governo dependem de
caraterísticas pessoais dos dirigentes e regulamentos legais das organizações, delimitando
territorialmente o estudo às IPSS de Portugal continental.
Assente no método misto sequencial explanatório, com recurso à análise documental, a
entrevistas semidiretivas e a inquéritos por questionário, este estudo pretende contribuir para
um debate nacional mais informado sobre as particularidades e condições de exercício da
liderança e governo dos órgãos sociais das IPSS. Do ponto de vista teórico, optou-se por uma
abordagem plural e eclética: para a análise do tema da governação fomos informados
fundamentalmente pela teoria da agência (Jensen & Meckling, 1976) e pela teoria dos
stakhoelders (Freeman, 1984). No tratamento do assunto da liderança selecionou-se a teoria da
motivação de McClelland (2009 [1961]) e as teorias síndrome do fundador (Huff, 2003) e
tendência para a oligarquia (Michels, 2001).
A análise dos dados empíricos permitiu identificar quatro perfis de dirigentes, diversos
entre si em termos de caraterísticas sociodemográficas e profissionais. Porém, bastante
homogéneos nas perspetivas globais sobre a liderança e governação das IPSS. Sobrepõem-se
as condicionantes regulamentares, sendo que a imposição legislativa da limitação do número
de mandatos parece estar a criar condições favoráveis a modos de governo democráticos
participativos, ao contrário do que se verificava até então em estudos nacionais sobre temáticas
próximas. Apesar da dificuldade em constituir-se listas de sócios para assumir o governo destas
instituições, o tempo de permanência no cargo de presidente do OA desmistifica a ideia de
cristalização no cargo. As motivações para ser dirigente associadas aos jogos de poder e
influencia cruzam-se com as condicionantes identificadas como incompatibilidades. E a
sustentabilidade financeira face aos financiamentos reduzidos e às exigências do contexto da
sua intervenção, implica escolhas opostas ao compromisso com as pessoas levando ao
desvirtuamento da missão. A falta de transparência, também, pode conduzir ao desvio da
missão.
Social leaders assume a key position in the success/failure and continuity of Private Social Solidarity Institutions (IPSS) whose activities have in common the collective social wellbeing. This investigation aimed to explore the extent to which the exercise of leadership and consequent modes of government depend on the personal characteristics of the leaders and legal regulations of the organizations, territorially delimiting the study to the IPSS of mainland Portugal. Based on the explanatory sequential mixed method, using document analysis, semidirective interviews and questionnaire surveys, this study aims to contribute to a more informed national debate on the particularities and conditions of the exercise of leadership and governance of the IPSS governing bodies. From a theoretical point of view, a plural and eclectic approach was opted: for the analysis of the topic of governance, we were fundamentally informed by agency theory (Jansen & Meckling, 1976) and by the theory of stakhhoelders (Freeman, 1984). McClelland's theory of motivation (2009 [1961]) and the founder syndrome (Huff, 2003) and tendency towards oligarchy (Michels, 2001) theories were selected for the treatmentof leadership. The analysis of empirical data made it possible to identify four profiles of managers, different from each other in terms of sociodemographic and professional characteristics. However, they are quite homogeneous in the global perspectives on the leadership and governance of the IPSS. Regulatory constraints overlap, and the legislative imposition of the limitation of the number of mandates seems to be creating favorable conditions for participatory democratic modes of government, contrary to what had been verified until then in national studies on similar themes. Despite the difficulty in compiling lists of associates to take over the government of these institutions, the length of time in the position of president of the OA demystifies the idea of crystallization in the position. The motivations for being a leader associated with power and influence games intersect with the constraints identified as incompatibilities. And financial sustainability in the face of reduced funding and the demands of the context of its intervention, implies choices opposed to the commitment to people, leading to the distortion of the mission. Lack of transparency, too, can lead to mission deviation.
Social leaders assume a key position in the success/failure and continuity of Private Social Solidarity Institutions (IPSS) whose activities have in common the collective social wellbeing. This investigation aimed to explore the extent to which the exercise of leadership and consequent modes of government depend on the personal characteristics of the leaders and legal regulations of the organizations, territorially delimiting the study to the IPSS of mainland Portugal. Based on the explanatory sequential mixed method, using document analysis, semidirective interviews and questionnaire surveys, this study aims to contribute to a more informed national debate on the particularities and conditions of the exercise of leadership and governance of the IPSS governing bodies. From a theoretical point of view, a plural and eclectic approach was opted: for the analysis of the topic of governance, we were fundamentally informed by agency theory (Jansen & Meckling, 1976) and by the theory of stakhhoelders (Freeman, 1984). McClelland's theory of motivation (2009 [1961]) and the founder syndrome (Huff, 2003) and tendency towards oligarchy (Michels, 2001) theories were selected for the treatmentof leadership. The analysis of empirical data made it possible to identify four profiles of managers, different from each other in terms of sociodemographic and professional characteristics. However, they are quite homogeneous in the global perspectives on the leadership and governance of the IPSS. Regulatory constraints overlap, and the legislative imposition of the limitation of the number of mandates seems to be creating favorable conditions for participatory democratic modes of government, contrary to what had been verified until then in national studies on similar themes. Despite the difficulty in compiling lists of associates to take over the government of these institutions, the length of time in the position of president of the OA demystifies the idea of crystallization in the position. The motivations for being a leader associated with power and influence games intersect with the constraints identified as incompatibilities. And financial sustainability in the face of reduced funding and the demands of the context of its intervention, implies choices opposed to the commitment to people, leading to the distortion of the mission. Lack of transparency, too, can lead to mission deviation.
Descrição
Doutoramento em Sociologia Económica e das Organizações
Palavras-chave
Economia Social Instituições Particulares de Solidariedade Social Dirigentes Liderança Governação Social economy Private Social Solidarity Institutions leaders Leadership Governance
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Figueira, Angélica Margarida Matos Martins (2023). "Liderança e governação nas instituições particulares de solidariedade social em Portugal". Tese de Doutoramento. Universidade de Lisboa. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão.
Editora
Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão