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Segmentação de trabalhadores imigrantes em Portugal? O exemplo dos trabalhadores brasileiros no setor da restauração e hotelaria na última década.
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Nas últimas décadas, Portugal tem registado uma crescente concentração de trabalhadores imigrantes nas atividades económicas do alojamento e da restauração, tradicionalmente inseridos no segmento secundário do mercado de trabalho. Esta realidade levanta questões sobre a existência de dinâmicas de segmentação que condicionam o acesso ao emprego e reproduzem desigualdades estruturais associadas à origem nacional dos trabalhadores. Este projeto de investigação tem como objetivo analisar os desafios enfrentados pelos trabalhadores imigrantes brasileiros nestas atividades económicas, explorando não só as suas condições laborais, mas também as implicações da segmentação do mercado de trabalho e das desigualdades no acesso ao emprego. Adotando uma abordagem metodológica mista, a investigação combina a análise de dados quantitativos dos Quadros de Pessoal (GEP/MTSSS) e publicados pelo Observatório das Migrações, com uma componente qualitativa composta por um total de vinte e três entrevistas, das quais treze entrevistas a trabalhadores brasileiros, nove a gestores e profissionais de recursos humanos e uma associação de imigrantes sem fins lucrativos, complementada com a análise documental sobre duas outras organizações associadas às atividades económicas do Alojamento, Restauração e Similares. Os resultados evidenciam a sobrerepresentação dos trabalhadores brasileiros em funções associadas ao segmento secundário do mercado de trabalho, revelando como práticas de recrutamento e gestão podem reforçar lógicas de segmentação laboral, com a motivação para a sua contratação assente frequentemente em discursos sobre disponibilidade, flexibilidade e adequação ao perfil exigido. Desta forma, conclui-se que a segmentação do mercado de trabalho permanece como um fator estruturante da inserção profissional de muitos trabalhadores imigrantes em Portugal.
In recent decades, Portugal has witnessed a growing concentration of immigrant workers in the economic activities of accommodation and food services, traditionally positioned within the secondary segment of the labour market. This reality raises questions about the existence of segmentation dynamics that shape access to employment and reproduce structural inequalities linked to national origin. This research project aims to analyse the challenges faced by Brazilian immigrant workers in these economic activities, exploring not only their working conditions but also the implications of labour market segmentation and inequalities in employment access. Adopting a mixed-methods approach, the study combines quantitative data analysis from the Quadros de Pessoal (GEP/MTSSS) and published by the Observatory of Migration, with a qualitative component consisting of a total of twenty three interviews, including thirteen interviews with Brazilian workers, nine with managers and human resources professionals and one with a non-profit immigrant association, complemented by documentary analysis of two other organisations associated with the accommodation and food services sector. The findings highlight the over-representation of Brazilian workers in roles associated with the secondary labour market segment, revealing how recruitment and management practices can reinforce segmentation logics, with hiring motivations often grounded in discourses of availability, flexibility, and suitability to the required profile. The study thus concludes that labour market segmentation remains a structural factor in the professional integration of many immigrant workers in Portugal.
In recent decades, Portugal has witnessed a growing concentration of immigrant workers in the economic activities of accommodation and food services, traditionally positioned within the secondary segment of the labour market. This reality raises questions about the existence of segmentation dynamics that shape access to employment and reproduce structural inequalities linked to national origin. This research project aims to analyse the challenges faced by Brazilian immigrant workers in these economic activities, exploring not only their working conditions but also the implications of labour market segmentation and inequalities in employment access. Adopting a mixed-methods approach, the study combines quantitative data analysis from the Quadros de Pessoal (GEP/MTSSS) and published by the Observatory of Migration, with a qualitative component consisting of a total of twenty three interviews, including thirteen interviews with Brazilian workers, nine with managers and human resources professionals and one with a non-profit immigrant association, complemented by documentary analysis of two other organisations associated with the accommodation and food services sector. The findings highlight the over-representation of Brazilian workers in roles associated with the secondary labour market segment, revealing how recruitment and management practices can reinforce segmentation logics, with hiring motivations often grounded in discourses of availability, flexibility, and suitability to the required profile. The study thus concludes that labour market segmentation remains a structural factor in the professional integration of many immigrant workers in Portugal.
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Segmentação do mercado de trabalho Trabalhadores imigrantes Atividades de alojamento e restauração Desigualdades laborais Imigração brasileira Labour market segmentation Immigrant workers Accommodation and food services Labour inequalities Brazilian immigration