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Estudo dos indicadores de aptidão física: força e fexibilidade em participantes de programas de exercício comunitário
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A força e a flexibilidade são duas componentes da aptidão física importantes no que diz respeito ao envelhecimento. Com o envelhecimento existe um declínio destas duas capacidades que comprometem a independência e funcionalidade do indivíduo na sociedade. Objetivo: O objetivo principal deste estudo é avaliar indicadores de aptidão física – força e flexibilidade - e saúde mental em praticantes de programas de exercício comunitário. Métodos: Como critérios de inclusão foi estipulado indivíduos que frequentassem um programa comunitário da CMO, ter mais de 55 anos e não possuir nenhuma doença incapacitante. Como critérios de exclusão, todos os indivíduos que estivessem no programa há menos de 1 mês ou que possuíssem limitações físicas e/ou cognitivas que afetassem a realização dos testes. A força foi avaliada através do teste de preensão manual e o teste de sentar/levantar da cadeira (30seg). A flexibilidade foi avaliada através do teste de alcançar atrás das costas e sentar e alcançar. A composição corporal foi avaliada através da bio impedância elétrica (tanita BC-545N), nível de atividade física pelo International Physivcal Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) e o estado de saúde psicológico pelo Inventário de Depressão de Beck. A amostra foi dividida em quatro grupos: grupo da residência, grupo de alongamentos, grupo de hidroginástica e grupo de ginástica. Resultados: A amostra final incluiu 75 participantes (75,40 ± 6,53 anos; IMC= 27,95 kg/m2). No teste do senta e levanta verificou-se uma diferença significativa entre o grupo da residência e todos os outros grupos (residência-alongamentos: p= 0,007; residência-hidroginástica p< 0,001; residência-ginástica: p<0,001); tal como no teste de flexibilidade do ombro direito (residência- alongamentos: p=0,008 ; residência-hidroginástica: p= 0,001; residência-ginástica: p= 0,024). No ombro esquerdo apenas encontrámos diferenças significativas entre o grupo da residência e o grupo de hidroginástica (p=0,030) e o grupo da residência e o de alongamentos (p=0,037). Analisando o IPAQ, verificou-se que em todos os grupos encontramos indivíduos muito ativos, ativos e inativos. Conclusão: Em todos os testes físicos aplicados os melhores resultados encontram-se nos grupos que praticam algum exercício físico de forma regular. Mesmo praticando exercício físico 2x na semana há indivíduos que não cumprem os critérios para serem considerados ativos.
Strength and flexibility are two important components of physical fitness when it comes to aging. With aging, there is a decline in these two capacities that compromise the independence and functionality of the individual in society. Objective: The main objective of this study is to evaluate indicators of physical fitness – strength and flexibility – and mental health in participants of community exercise programs. Methods: Inclusion criteria were individuals who attended a community CMO program, were over 55 years of age and did not have any disabling disease. Exclusion criteria were all individuals who had been in the program for less than 1 month or who had physical and/or cognitive limitations that affected the performance of the tests. Strength was assessed by handgrip test and sit/stand test (30sec). Flexibility was assessed through the test of reaching behind the back and sitting and reaching. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance (tannite BC-545N), physical activity level using the International Physivcal Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and psychological health status using the Beck Depression Inventory. The sample was divided into four groups: the residency group, the stretching group, the water aerobics group and the gymnastics group. Results: The final sample included 75 participants (75.40 ± 6.53 years; BMI = 27.95 kg/m2). In the sit-and-stand test, there was a significant difference between the residency group and all other groups (residency-stretching: p= 0.007; residency-water aerobics p< 0.001; residency-gymnastics: p<0.001); as in the right shoulder flexibility test (residency-stretching: p=0.008; residency-water aerobics: p= 0.001; residency-gymnastics: p= 0.024). In the left shoulder, we only found significant differences between the residency group and the water aerobics group (p=0.030) and the residency group and the stretching group (p=0.037). Analyzing the IPAQ, it was found that in all groups we found very active, active and inactive individuals. Conclusion: In all the physical tests applied, the best results were found in the groups that practiced some physical exercise on a regular basis. Even practicing physical exercise 2 times a week, there are individuals who do not meet the criteria to be considered active.
Strength and flexibility are two important components of physical fitness when it comes to aging. With aging, there is a decline in these two capacities that compromise the independence and functionality of the individual in society. Objective: The main objective of this study is to evaluate indicators of physical fitness – strength and flexibility – and mental health in participants of community exercise programs. Methods: Inclusion criteria were individuals who attended a community CMO program, were over 55 years of age and did not have any disabling disease. Exclusion criteria were all individuals who had been in the program for less than 1 month or who had physical and/or cognitive limitations that affected the performance of the tests. Strength was assessed by handgrip test and sit/stand test (30sec). Flexibility was assessed through the test of reaching behind the back and sitting and reaching. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance (tannite BC-545N), physical activity level using the International Physivcal Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and psychological health status using the Beck Depression Inventory. The sample was divided into four groups: the residency group, the stretching group, the water aerobics group and the gymnastics group. Results: The final sample included 75 participants (75.40 ± 6.53 years; BMI = 27.95 kg/m2). In the sit-and-stand test, there was a significant difference between the residency group and all other groups (residency-stretching: p= 0.007; residency-water aerobics p< 0.001; residency-gymnastics: p<0.001); as in the right shoulder flexibility test (residency-stretching: p=0.008; residency-water aerobics: p= 0.001; residency-gymnastics: p= 0.024). In the left shoulder, we only found significant differences between the residency group and the water aerobics group (p=0.030) and the residency group and the stretching group (p=0.037). Analyzing the IPAQ, it was found that in all groups we found very active, active and inactive individuals. Conclusion: In all the physical tests applied, the best results were found in the groups that practiced some physical exercise on a regular basis. Even practicing physical exercise 2 times a week, there are individuals who do not meet the criteria to be considered active.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Aptidão Física Envelhecimento Força Flexibilidade Physical Fitness Aging Strength Flexibility