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Explorando a estratégia da gestão de patentes em PME portuguesas : Um estudo de caso múltiplo
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O presente estudo analisa a gestão de patentes em quatro PME portuguesas com investimentos em I&D e patentes ativas, destacando a inovação como fator determinante para a competitividade. A investigação adota um estudo de caso múltiplo, articulando análise qualitativa com entrevistas estruturadas como estratégias de coleta e interpretação dos dados. A revisão de literatura aborda a relevância das PME em Portugal, a definição legal e os critérios de patenteabilidade, as motivações que conduzem as PME a patentear, bem como os benefícios, utilizações e vias possíveis de proteção. Os quatro casos analisados revelam diferentes estratégias: a primeira empresa privilegia a patente europeia pela sua abrangência, motivada pela proteção da invenção e acesso a financiamento, enfrentando, contudo, desafios associados a custos e necessidade de internacionalização; a segunda e a terceira empresas, após o registo inicial de patentes, optaram por acelerar a inovação em detrimento do patenteamento, em resposta à rápida evolução do mercado e aos custos elevados; a quarta empresa utiliza as patentes para proteger soluções desenvolvidas em parceria com clientes, garantindo exclusividade, sem as encarar como fonte isolada de vantagem competitiva. Os resultados indicam que a decisão de patentear visa proteger inovações, inibir a concorrência e reforçar a marca, embora obstáculos como custos e burocracia dificultem o processo. Conclui-se que, apesar dos potenciais benefícios em termos de valorização e vendas, a viabilidade da patente depende do setor e da estratégia adotada, devendo a sua gestão ser ajustada às especificidades de cada empresa.
This study analyzes patent management in four Portuguese SMEs with investments in R&D and active patents, highlighting innovation as a key factor for competitiveness. The research adopts a multiple case study approach, integrating qualitative analysis with structured interviews as strategies for data collection and interpretation. The literature review addresses the relevance of SMEs in Portugal, the legal definition and patentability criteria, the motivations driving SMEs to patent, as well as the benefits, applications, and available avenues for protection. The four cases analyzed reveal different strategies: the first company prioritizes the European patent due to its broad coverage, motivated by the need to protect its invention and access funding, although it faces challenges related to costs and the necessity of internationalization. The second and third companies, after initially registering patents, chose to accelerate innovation rather than pursue further patenting, in response to the fast-paced market and high costs. The fourth company uses patents to protect solutions developed in partnership with clients, ensuring exclusivity, but does not consider patents a standalone source of competitive advantage. The findings indicate that the decision to patent aims to protect innovations, deter competitors, and strengthen the brand, although obstacles such as cost and bureaucracy hinder the process. It is concluded that, despite potential benefits in terms of value creation and sales, the viability of patenting depends on the industry and the strategy adopted, and its management should be tailored to the specific characteristics of each company.
This study analyzes patent management in four Portuguese SMEs with investments in R&D and active patents, highlighting innovation as a key factor for competitiveness. The research adopts a multiple case study approach, integrating qualitative analysis with structured interviews as strategies for data collection and interpretation. The literature review addresses the relevance of SMEs in Portugal, the legal definition and patentability criteria, the motivations driving SMEs to patent, as well as the benefits, applications, and available avenues for protection. The four cases analyzed reveal different strategies: the first company prioritizes the European patent due to its broad coverage, motivated by the need to protect its invention and access funding, although it faces challenges related to costs and the necessity of internationalization. The second and third companies, after initially registering patents, chose to accelerate innovation rather than pursue further patenting, in response to the fast-paced market and high costs. The fourth company uses patents to protect solutions developed in partnership with clients, ensuring exclusivity, but does not consider patents a standalone source of competitive advantage. The findings indicate that the decision to patent aims to protect innovations, deter competitors, and strengthen the brand, although obstacles such as cost and bureaucracy hinder the process. It is concluded that, despite potential benefits in terms of value creation and sales, the viability of patenting depends on the industry and the strategy adopted, and its management should be tailored to the specific characteristics of each company.
Descrição
Trabalho Final de Mestrado, Economia e Gestão de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, ISEG, 2025.
Palavras-chave
Patent management Portuguese SMEs Innovation Patent motivations Gestão de patentes PME portuguesas Inovação Motivações para patentear