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Problematizar o espaço geográfico a partir do estudo das atividades económicas: experiências didáticas na Geografia do 8ºano
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Este relatório, intitulado Problematizar o espaço geográfico a partir do estudo das atividades
económicas: Experiências didáticas na Geografia do 8ºano, é desenvolvido no âmbito do Mestrado
em Ensino de Geografia no 3º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário. Apresenta a prática
de ensino supervisionada levada a cabo na disciplina de Geografia, no ano letivo 2021-2022, na
turma do 8.º5, na Escola Básica e Secundário Dr. Ângelo Augusto da Silva, localizada no concelho
do Funchal, na Ilha da Madeira.
Tem como objeto de investigação a experiência didática sobre o tema “Atividades
Económicas”, desenvolvida com base na problematização do espaço geográfico e com vista à
educação para o desenvolvimento sustentável. A escolha do tema resultou do facto das atividades
económicas serem as principais causas dos problemas ambientais e das desigualdades
socioeconómicas existentes no mundo e na necessidade de educar os jovens para a mudança de
comportamentos.
No decorrer da sequência didática, foram implementadas várias estratégias de ensinoaprendizagem, que permitiram aos alunos compreenderem o impacto das atividades económicas,
segundo os três pilares de desenvolvimento sustentável: economia, ambiente e sociedade.
Como resultado, verificou-se que as atividades baseadas na resolução de situações-problema,
como a ficha de trabalho “Decide a localização de indústrias”, no qual os alunos tiveram de tomar
decisões sobre a gestão do território, analisando as causas, consequências e soluções para os
problemas, contribuírem para um aumento da motivação e interesse para o trabalho em sala de aula,
além de favorecerem o desenvolvimento de diversas competências, tais como, a autonomia, o
pensamento crítico, o raciocínio geográfico, a capacidade de argumentação e de negociação com os
pares.
Constatou-se que a educação geográfica promove a educação para o desenvolvimento
sustentável, sendo a problematização do espaço geográfico um meio de construir conhecimentos e
desenvolver competências geográficas que capacitam os alunos para agir de forma sustentável.
This report, entitled Problematizing geographic space from the study of economic activities: Didactic experiences in 8th grade Geography, is developed within the scope of the Master's Degree in Geography Teaching in the 3rd Cycle of Basic Education and Secondary Education. It presents the supervised teaching practice carried out on the Geography subject, in the 2021-2022 academic year, in the 8th 5th class, at Escola Básica e Secundária Dr. Ângelo Augusto da Silva, located in the municipality of Funchal, on Madeira Island. Its object of investigation is the didactic experience on the topic “Economic Activities”, developed based on the problematization of geographic space and with a view to education for sustainable development. The choice of the theme resulted from the fact that economic activities are the main causes of environmental problems and socioeconomic inequalities existing in the world and the need to educate young people to change behaviors. During the didactic sequence, several teaching-learning strategies were implemented, which allowed students to understand the impact of economic activities, according to the three pillars of sustainable development: economy, environment and society. As a result, it was found that activities based on solving problem situations, such as the worksheet “Decide the location of industries”, in which students had to make decisions about the management of the territory, analyzing the causes, consequences and solutions to problems, contribute to an increase in motivation and interest in working in the classroom, in addition to favoring the development of various skills, such as autonomy, critical thinking, geographical reasoning, the ability to argue and trading with peers. It was found that geographic education promotes education for sustainable development, with the problematization of geographic space being a means of building knowledge and developing geographic skills that enable students to act in a sustainable way.
This report, entitled Problematizing geographic space from the study of economic activities: Didactic experiences in 8th grade Geography, is developed within the scope of the Master's Degree in Geography Teaching in the 3rd Cycle of Basic Education and Secondary Education. It presents the supervised teaching practice carried out on the Geography subject, in the 2021-2022 academic year, in the 8th 5th class, at Escola Básica e Secundária Dr. Ângelo Augusto da Silva, located in the municipality of Funchal, on Madeira Island. Its object of investigation is the didactic experience on the topic “Economic Activities”, developed based on the problematization of geographic space and with a view to education for sustainable development. The choice of the theme resulted from the fact that economic activities are the main causes of environmental problems and socioeconomic inequalities existing in the world and the need to educate young people to change behaviors. During the didactic sequence, several teaching-learning strategies were implemented, which allowed students to understand the impact of economic activities, according to the three pillars of sustainable development: economy, environment and society. As a result, it was found that activities based on solving problem situations, such as the worksheet “Decide the location of industries”, in which students had to make decisions about the management of the territory, analyzing the causes, consequences and solutions to problems, contribute to an increase in motivation and interest in working in the classroom, in addition to favoring the development of various skills, such as autonomy, critical thinking, geographical reasoning, the ability to argue and trading with peers. It was found that geographic education promotes education for sustainable development, with the problematization of geographic space being a means of building knowledge and developing geographic skills that enable students to act in a sustainable way.
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Palavras-chave
Educação Geográfica Atividades económicas Desenvolvimento Sustentável Problematização Aprendizagens Essenciais