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Abstract(s)
A dermatite atópica canina (DAc) é uma doença pruriginosa, inflamatória e crónica da pele, que resulta da interação de fatores genéticos e ambientais, podendo refletir a hipersensibilização a alergénios ambientais (non-food-induced atopic dermatitis - NFIAD). O diagnóstico de NFIAD consiste na exclusão de outras entidades capazes de mimetizar sinais clínicos, seguindo-se a identificação dos alergénios aos quais o canídeo sensibilizou, maioritariamente, por teste intradérmico (TID) ou serológico (SAT). O principal objetivo do presente estudo consistiu em identificar frequências de sensibilização a alergénios no seio de uma população canina, comparando-os com dados previamente reportados. Para tal, identificaram-se canídeos diagnosticados com NFIAD residentes na Área Metropolitana de Lisboa que realizaram TID no Serviço de Dermatologia do Hospital Escolar Veterinário (HEV), no período compreendido entre 2012 e 2017, bem como de cães que efetuaram SAT por intermédio de um laboratório externo, entre 2019 e 2022. Um total de 257 canídeos realizaram provas alergológicas, dos quais 13,23% (n=34) apresentaram resultados negativos. Desta forma, integraram o estudo 223 canídeos com resultados positivos, 118 recorrendo a TID e 105 através de SAT. O grupo de alergénios que registou a maior frequência de sensibilizações foi o dos ácaros domésticos, com 86,44% nos TIDs e 87,62% nos SATs. Neste grupo, verificou-se que a positividade a dois ou mais ácaros ocorreu em mais de 92% dos indivíduos, sendo a situação mais frequente, a sensibilização a três ácaros (29.38%), seguindo-se a positividade aos 5 ácaros em estudos (28,35%). Dermatophagoides farinae registou a maior frequência individual nos TIDs (75,42%) e nos SATs (74,29%). O grupo dos pólenes foi o segundo com a maior frequência de sensibilizações (44,07% nos TIDs e 30,48% nos SATs). Dentro deste grupo, o tipo polínico com maior frequência de sensibilização foi o de gramíneas, o qual apresentou 29,66% nos TIDs e 21.9% nos SATs. O pólen de Festuca pratensis nos TIDs (12,71%) e o pólen de Cynodon dactylon (16,19%) nos SATs foram aqueles que registaram as maiores frequências dentro deste grupo. No grupo dos fungos, observou-se uma frequência de sensibilização de 25,42% nos TIDs e 24,76% nos SATs, destacando-se Malassezia pachydermatis (22,03% nos TIDs e 16,19% nos SATs). A comparação com resultados previamente publicados identificou novos padrões de sensibilização caninos, sendo pioneiro no período considerado. Destacou-se o aumento da frequência de sensibilização ao grupo dos ácaros domésticos, bem como a alteração dos tipos polínicos responsáveis pelas maiores frequências de sensibilização
ABSTRACT - SENSITIZATION PATTERNS OF DOGS WITH CANINE ATOPIC DERMATITIS IN LISBON METROPOLITAN AREA - Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a pruritic, inflammatory and chronic skin disease that results from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors and can be the result of the hypersensitization to environmental allergens (non-food-induced atopic dermatitis - NFIAD). The diagnosis of NFIAD is achieved by excluding other entities with the same clinical signs, followed by the identification of allergens to which the dog sensitized, mostly through intradermal testing (IDT) or serological allergen testing (SAT). The main objective of this study was to identify the frequency of sensitization to different allergens within a canine population and comparing it with previously reported data. In this study were included dogs living in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area that did an IDT at the Dermatology Department of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (HEV), between the years 2012 and 2017, as well as dogs that did a SAT through an external laboratory from 2019 to 2022. A total of 257 dogs underwent allergy testing, of which 13.23% (n=34) were negative. Thus, 223 dogs with positive results were admitted to the study, 118 using IDT and 105 using SAT. The allergen group with the highest frequency of sensitization was mites, with 86.44% in the IDTs and 87.62% in the SATs. In this group, positivity to two or more mites occurred in more than 92% of the individuals, with sensitization to three mites being the most frequent situation (29.38%), followed by positivity to all five mites (28.35%). Dermatophagoides farinae recorded the highest individual frequency in IDTs (75.42%) and SATs (74.29%). The pollen group was the second with the highest frequency of sensitizations (44.07% in IDTs and 30.48% in SATs). Within this group, the pollen type with the highest frequency of sensitization was grass which showed 29.66% in the IDTs and 21.9% in the SATs. The pollen of Festuca pratensis in the IDTs (12.71%) and Cynodon dactylon (16.19%) in the SATs, recorded the highest frequencies. The fungi group showed a sensitization frequency of 25.42% in IDTs and 24.76% in SATs, with Malassezia pachydermatis standing out (22.03% in IDTs and 16.19% in SATs). By comparing these results with previously published data, new patterns of canine sensitization were identified, being this the first study to investigate it during the mentioned period. An increase in the frequency of sensitization in the mite group was observed, as well as a change in pollen types responsible for the highest frequency of sensitizations
ABSTRACT - SENSITIZATION PATTERNS OF DOGS WITH CANINE ATOPIC DERMATITIS IN LISBON METROPOLITAN AREA - Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a pruritic, inflammatory and chronic skin disease that results from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors and can be the result of the hypersensitization to environmental allergens (non-food-induced atopic dermatitis - NFIAD). The diagnosis of NFIAD is achieved by excluding other entities with the same clinical signs, followed by the identification of allergens to which the dog sensitized, mostly through intradermal testing (IDT) or serological allergen testing (SAT). The main objective of this study was to identify the frequency of sensitization to different allergens within a canine population and comparing it with previously reported data. In this study were included dogs living in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area that did an IDT at the Dermatology Department of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital (HEV), between the years 2012 and 2017, as well as dogs that did a SAT through an external laboratory from 2019 to 2022. A total of 257 dogs underwent allergy testing, of which 13.23% (n=34) were negative. Thus, 223 dogs with positive results were admitted to the study, 118 using IDT and 105 using SAT. The allergen group with the highest frequency of sensitization was mites, with 86.44% in the IDTs and 87.62% in the SATs. In this group, positivity to two or more mites occurred in more than 92% of the individuals, with sensitization to three mites being the most frequent situation (29.38%), followed by positivity to all five mites (28.35%). Dermatophagoides farinae recorded the highest individual frequency in IDTs (75.42%) and SATs (74.29%). The pollen group was the second with the highest frequency of sensitizations (44.07% in IDTs and 30.48% in SATs). Within this group, the pollen type with the highest frequency of sensitization was grass which showed 29.66% in the IDTs and 21.9% in the SATs. The pollen of Festuca pratensis in the IDTs (12.71%) and Cynodon dactylon (16.19%) in the SATs, recorded the highest frequencies. The fungi group showed a sensitization frequency of 25.42% in IDTs and 24.76% in SATs, with Malassezia pachydermatis standing out (22.03% in IDTs and 16.19% in SATs). By comparing these results with previously published data, new patterns of canine sensitization were identified, being this the first study to investigate it during the mentioned period. An increase in the frequency of sensitization in the mite group was observed, as well as a change in pollen types responsible for the highest frequency of sensitizations
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária, área científica de Clínica
Keywords
Hipersensibilização Alergénios Teste intradérmico Teste serológ Lisboa Hypersensitivity Allergens Intradermal testing Serological allergen testing Lisbon
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Ataide MFSQ. 2023. Perfil de sensibilização de cães com dermatite atópica na Área Metropolitana de Lisboa [dissertação de mestrado]. Lisboa: FMV-Universidade de Lisboa
Publisher
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária