A carregar...
Publicação
Avaliação do impacto de fatores predisponentes no grau de doença periodontal em cães
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 835.38 KB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A doença periodontal é uma das condições mais comuns em cães, afetando cerca de 80% dos indivíduos a partir dos três anos de idade. Trata-se de uma doença inflamatória que afeta o periodonto, isto é, os tecidos de suporte do dente. A acumulação de placa bacteriana, associada à resposta inflamatória do hospedeiro, conduzem a uma sequência de eventos que culminam na manifestação dos sinais clínicos da doença, os quais refletem a perda clínica do ligamento periodontal. Apesar da sua elevada prevalência, trata-se de uma doença prevenível e controlável mediante o adequado controlo da placa bacteriana, sendo a escovagem diária considerada o padrão da profilaxia. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência de fatores predisponentes - sexo, idade, peso, raça e estado reprodutivo - no grau de doença periodontal apresentado por cães submetidos a avaliação oral e tratamento periodontal. Foi realizada a análise de uma amostra de 70 cães que compareceram ao hospital veterinário AllVetCare entre setembro de 2023 e março de 2024. Todos os animais foram submetidos a exame oral consciente, exames pré-anestésicos, radiografias intraorais e tratamento periodontal. Os dados clínicos foram extraídos do software hospitalar e analisados estatisticamente através dos programas Microsoft® Excel® 2019 e RStudio, considerando P<0,50 como nível de significância. A maioria dos cães apresentava graus avançados de doença periodontal (39% em grau 3 e 47% em grau 4). Verificou-se associação positiva e significativa entre idade e gravidade da doença, bem como associação negativa entre peso e grau. Não foram encontradas associações entre grau de doença e sexo ou estado reprodutivo. As raças de pequeno porte, em especial Yorkshire Terrier, destacaram-se pela elevada prevalência e gravidade da doença. Dentro das limitações do estudo, os resultados confirmam que cães mais velhos e de pequeno porte são aqueles que mais frequentemente desenvolvem doença periodontal grave. Além disso, evidencia-se que a procura por atendimento veterinário ocorre, na maioria dos casos, em fases avançadas da doença. Esses achados reforçam a necessidade de estratégias de prevenção, incluindo educação dos detentores, como medida fundamental para melhorar a qualidade de vida dos cães
Periodontal disease is one of the most common conditions in dogs, affecting nearly 80% of individuals over three years of age. It is an inflammatory disease that affects the periodontium, the supporting tissues of the teeth. Interaction between bacterial plaque and the host’s response triggers events that lead to the clinical signs of this disease, which reflect the clinical loss of periodontal ligament attachment. Despite its high prevalence, periodontal disease is both preventable and manageable through adequate plaque control, with daily tooth brushing regarded as the gold standard of prophylaxis. The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of predisposing factors - sex, age, weight, breed, and reproductive status - on the stage of periodontal disease in dogs undergoing oral evaluation and periodontal treatment. A sample of 70 dogs that attended the veterinary hospital AllVetCare between September 2023 and March 2024 was analyzed. All animals underwent conscious oral examination, pre-anesthetic tests, intraoral radiographs, and periodontal treatment. Clinical data were extracted from the hospital software and statistically analyzed using Microsoft® Excel® 2019 and RStudio, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Most dogs presented advanced periodontal disease (39% at stage 3 and 47% at stage 4). A positive and significant association was observed between age and disease stage, as well as a negative association between body weight and disease stage. No associations were found between disease stage and sex or reproductive status. Small breeds, particularly Yorkshire Terriers, showed the highest prevalence and severity of the disease. Within the limitations of the study, the findings confirm that older and small-breed dogs are more predisposed to severe periodontal disease. Furthermore, veterinary care is often sought when the disease is already at an advanced stage. These results highlight the importance of preventive strategies, including owner education, as a key measure to improve the quality of life in dogs
Periodontal disease is one of the most common conditions in dogs, affecting nearly 80% of individuals over three years of age. It is an inflammatory disease that affects the periodontium, the supporting tissues of the teeth. Interaction between bacterial plaque and the host’s response triggers events that lead to the clinical signs of this disease, which reflect the clinical loss of periodontal ligament attachment. Despite its high prevalence, periodontal disease is both preventable and manageable through adequate plaque control, with daily tooth brushing regarded as the gold standard of prophylaxis. The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of predisposing factors - sex, age, weight, breed, and reproductive status - on the stage of periodontal disease in dogs undergoing oral evaluation and periodontal treatment. A sample of 70 dogs that attended the veterinary hospital AllVetCare between September 2023 and March 2024 was analyzed. All animals underwent conscious oral examination, pre-anesthetic tests, intraoral radiographs, and periodontal treatment. Clinical data were extracted from the hospital software and statistically analyzed using Microsoft® Excel® 2019 and RStudio, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Most dogs presented advanced periodontal disease (39% at stage 3 and 47% at stage 4). A positive and significant association was observed between age and disease stage, as well as a negative association between body weight and disease stage. No associations were found between disease stage and sex or reproductive status. Small breeds, particularly Yorkshire Terriers, showed the highest prevalence and severity of the disease. Within the limitations of the study, the findings confirm that older and small-breed dogs are more predisposed to severe periodontal disease. Furthermore, veterinary care is often sought when the disease is already at an advanced stage. These results highlight the importance of preventive strategies, including owner education, as a key measure to improve the quality of life in dogs
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária, área científica de Clínica
Palavras-chave
Doença periodontal Fatores Estadios Avaliação Cães Periodontal disease Factors Stages Evaluation Dogs