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O presente trabalho estuda o decorrer do processo de execução do caso M.S.S. vs. Bélgica e Grécia, que abordou, entre outras questões, as deficiências no processo de asilo grego e a consequente exposição de requerentes de asilo ao risco de refoulement à luz da jurisprudência do Tribunal Europeu de Direitos Humanos relativa ao artigo 3º da Convenção Europeia de Direitos Humanos. É apresentada, através de análise jurisprudêncial e doutrinária, a particular importância do direito a um recurso efetivo, previsto no artigo 13º da Convenção, para a garantia do respeito à proibição de remover requerentes de asilo para territórios onde se verifique a existência de um risco real de serem expostos à tortura, penas, ou tratamentos desumanos ou degradantes. Diversas questões que permearam os treze anos da pendência do processo de execução do caso do caso M.S.S. vs. Bélgica e Grécia são consideradas, entre elas, o fluxo em massa de migrantes e requerentes de asilo na Europa, que atingiu especialmente a Grécia, ações por parte da União Europeia com o intuito de mitigar dos efeitos da crise, a aplicação do conceito de “país terceiro seguro” pela Grécia, e a posição do Comitê de Ministros do Conselho da Europa frente às denúncias comunicadas pelas organizações internacionais que participaram do processo de execução.
This paper studies the course of the execution process in the case of M.S.S. vs. Belgium and Greece, which addressed, among other issues, the deficiencies in the Greek asylum process and the consequent exposure of asylum seekers to the risk of refoulement in light of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights regarding Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights. It presents, through case law and doctrinal analysis, the particular importance of the right to an effective remedy, provided for in Article 13 of the Convention, in ensuring respect for the prohibition of removing asylum seekers to territories where there is a real risk of being exposed to torture, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Several issues that permeated the thirteen years of pendency of the enforcement proceedings in the case of M.S.S. vs. Belgium and Greece are considered, among them, the mass flow of migrants and asylum seekers into Europe, which has particularly affected Greece, actions by the European Union to mitigate the effects of the crisis, the application of the concept of “safe third country” by Greece, and the position of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe regarding the complaints communicated by the international organizations that participated in the execution process.
This paper studies the course of the execution process in the case of M.S.S. vs. Belgium and Greece, which addressed, among other issues, the deficiencies in the Greek asylum process and the consequent exposure of asylum seekers to the risk of refoulement in light of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights regarding Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights. It presents, through case law and doctrinal analysis, the particular importance of the right to an effective remedy, provided for in Article 13 of the Convention, in ensuring respect for the prohibition of removing asylum seekers to territories where there is a real risk of being exposed to torture, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Several issues that permeated the thirteen years of pendency of the enforcement proceedings in the case of M.S.S. vs. Belgium and Greece are considered, among them, the mass flow of migrants and asylum seekers into Europe, which has particularly affected Greece, actions by the European Union to mitigate the effects of the crisis, the application of the concept of “safe third country” by Greece, and the position of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe regarding the complaints communicated by the international organizations that participated in the execution process.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Direito e Ciência Jurídica, 2025, Faculdade de Direito, Universidade de Lisboa
Palavras-chave
Direito de asilo Direito dos refugiados Direitos humanos Direito internacional Migrações Teses de mestrado – 2025
