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Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
No final da década de 80 a economia de Moçambique entrou numa crise
profunda e sem precedentes. A posição que a FRELIMO ocupava na cena internacional,
a instabilidade política, mas do que a prevalência do regime autoritário, e a maneira
como as estratégias de desenvolvimento foram aplicadas são apresentados nos estudos
moçambicanos como principais factores que contribuíram negativamente para a não
concretização do projecto socialista de desenvolvimento económico. Não obstante a
relevância destes factores, a organização burocrática colocada em segundo plano nas
análises também revela-se como parte dos factores importantes. As reformas
económicas, no âmbito do Programa de Ajustamento Estrutural ou Programa de
Reabilitação Económica como é conhecido em Moçambique, redefinem o papel do
Estado atribuindo a regulação de leis que permitam o surgimento e desenvolvimento do
sector privado. Mas, como o aparelho de Estado moçambicano na configuração
administrativa e burocrática, isto é, caracterizada pela excessiva centralização do poder,
lentidão nos procedimentos administrativos, fraca capacidade de gestão das políticas
públicas, corrupção e recursos humanos não qualificados constituiu e constitui elemento
contingente negativo que afecta o funcionamento e desenvolvimento das actividades
económicas. O papel do Estado na regulação da economia consistiu na criação de um
conjunto de leis que permitiram a expansão do sector privado mas também, devido aos
constrangimentos referidos, dificultou e tem dificultado o desenvolvimento do respectivo
sector e do próprio processo de desenvolvimento económico.
At the end of the 1980's, the economy of Mozambique reached a crisis of unprecedented proportions. Studies carried out in Mozambique indicate that the main factors that preventcd the socialist plan for economic development írom becoming a reality are: the position occupied by FRELIMO on the intemational scene, politicai instability, rather than the prevailing authoritarian regime, and the way developmental strategies were implemented. Despite the relevance of these factors, bureaucratic organisation - categorised as being of secondary importance according to these studies - also emerges as a key factor. Economic reforms, within the scope of the Programme of Structural Adjustment or Programme of Economic Rchabilitation as it is known in Mozambique, redefine the role of the State by empowering it to apply the laws which enable the private sector to emerge and develop. The Mozambican State apparatus is bureaucratic as far as administration is concerned. It is characterised by excessive centralization of power, sluggish administrative procedures, and an inability to manage public policies, deal with corruption and manage human resources. It constitutes another negative element which affects the smooth running and development of economic activities. On that basis, the role of the State in regulating the economy consisted in creating a series of laws which allowed the private sector to expand, but at the same time impeded and has continued to impede the development of this very sector and of the whole process of economic development.
At the end of the 1980's, the economy of Mozambique reached a crisis of unprecedented proportions. Studies carried out in Mozambique indicate that the main factors that preventcd the socialist plan for economic development írom becoming a reality are: the position occupied by FRELIMO on the intemational scene, politicai instability, rather than the prevailing authoritarian regime, and the way developmental strategies were implemented. Despite the relevance of these factors, bureaucratic organisation - categorised as being of secondary importance according to these studies - also emerges as a key factor. Economic reforms, within the scope of the Programme of Structural Adjustment or Programme of Economic Rchabilitation as it is known in Mozambique, redefine the role of the State by empowering it to apply the laws which enable the private sector to emerge and develop. The Mozambican State apparatus is bureaucratic as far as administration is concerned. It is characterised by excessive centralization of power, sluggish administrative procedures, and an inability to manage public policies, deal with corruption and manage human resources. It constitutes another negative element which affects the smooth running and development of economic activities. On that basis, the role of the State in regulating the economy consisted in creating a series of laws which allowed the private sector to expand, but at the same time impeded and has continued to impede the development of this very sector and of the whole process of economic development.
Descrição
Mestrado em Sociologia Económica e das Organizações
Palavras-chave
Estado Organização Burocracia Regulação Mercado e privatização State Organization Bureaucracy Regulation Market and privatisation
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Chipenembe, Maria Judite Mário (2004)." Papel do Estado na regulação da economia em Moçambique (1987-1999)". Dissertação de Mestrado. Univetrsidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão.
Editora
Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão
