A carregar...
Publicação
Modelação do potencial solar de cobertura de edifícios e avaliação da viabilidade económica para a exploração energética
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.64 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Esta dissertação avalia o potencial de autossuficiência elétrica em Lisboa por meio de sistemas fotovoltaicos em coberturas, considerando a interação entre recurso solar, morfologia urbana e consumo residencial por edifício. Desenvolveu-se um fluxo de trabalho em SIG, com modelação 3D baseada em dados LiDAR para estimar radiação solar e produção de energia, complementado por dois cenários tecnológicos de eficiência e estações representativas de verão e inverno. O consumo por edifício foi calculado com base em indicadores demográficos e no número de alojamentos, incluindo cargas comuns quando aplicável. O balanço entre produção e consumo é expresso pelo Índice de Autossuficiência Anual, cartografado para três áreas com morfologias distintas Bairro da Encarnação no Norte, setor entre Alvalade e Chelas na freguesia de Marvila no Centro, e Campo de Ourique no Sul. As análises espaciais e de agrupamento identificam comportamentos semelhantes, sem aglomerados persistentes de baixo desempenho. Os resultados mostram que áreas de baixa densidade e unifamiliares, como a Encarnação, apresentam níveis mais elevados e estáveis de autossuficiência. Zonas de densidade intermédia evidenciam desempenho moderado e heterogéneo à escala do quarteirão. Bairros densos e multifamiliares, como Campo de Ourique, aproximam se do equilíbrio anual, sobretudo no inverno. A produção atinge o pico no verão e decresce até 75% no inverno, sendo a sazonalidade o fator determinante. A eficiência tecnológica aumenta a produção total, mas não altera os padrões espaciais. Conclui-se que a autossuficiência depende menos da energia total gerada e mais da relação entre área útil de cobertura e consumo e do perfil de procura. As implicações de política pública destacam o autoconsumo coletivo e as comunidades de energia em zonas com elevada razão cobertura consumo, complementadas por eficiência e gestão da procura em contextos urbanos densos.
This dissertation assesses the potential for achieving electricity self-sufficiency through rooftop photovoltaic systems in Lisbon, examining how solar availability, urban form, and residential energy needs interact at the building level. A GIS-based workflow with 3d modelling using LiDAR data estimates solar radiation and annual energy output, supported by two technological efficiency scenarios and typical summer and winter seasons. Per-building energy use was calculated using demographic data and number of dwellings, including shared loads where relevant. The balance of production versus consumption is presented as the Annual Self-Sufficiency Index, mapped for three distinct urban areas Neighborhood of Encarnação (North), between Alvalade and Chelas, in the parish of Marvila (Centre), and Campo de Ourique (South). Spatial and clustering analyses reveal zones with similar behaviours. Results show that low-density, single-family areas, such as Encarnação, outperform and maintain higher, more stable self-sufficiency levels. Intermediate-density areas, such as the Centre area, show moderate to variable performance at the block level. Dense, multi-family neighbourhoods like Campo de Ourique approach energy equilibrium annually, especially in winter. Production peaks in summer, declining by up to 75% in winter, with seasonality being the key factor. Technological efficiency scales total production but does not influence spatial patterns. No persistent low-performance clusters were found, indicating a widespread distribution of selfsufficiency shortfalls. Ultimately, the study finds that self-sufficiency depends less on total energy generated and more on the proportion of usable rooftop area relative to consumption and the demand profile. Policy implications emphasise the importance of collective selfconsumption and energy communities in high coverage-to-demand zones, complemented by efficiency improvements and demand management in dense urban environments.
This dissertation assesses the potential for achieving electricity self-sufficiency through rooftop photovoltaic systems in Lisbon, examining how solar availability, urban form, and residential energy needs interact at the building level. A GIS-based workflow with 3d modelling using LiDAR data estimates solar radiation and annual energy output, supported by two technological efficiency scenarios and typical summer and winter seasons. Per-building energy use was calculated using demographic data and number of dwellings, including shared loads where relevant. The balance of production versus consumption is presented as the Annual Self-Sufficiency Index, mapped for three distinct urban areas Neighborhood of Encarnação (North), between Alvalade and Chelas, in the parish of Marvila (Centre), and Campo de Ourique (South). Spatial and clustering analyses reveal zones with similar behaviours. Results show that low-density, single-family areas, such as Encarnação, outperform and maintain higher, more stable self-sufficiency levels. Intermediate-density areas, such as the Centre area, show moderate to variable performance at the block level. Dense, multi-family neighbourhoods like Campo de Ourique approach energy equilibrium annually, especially in winter. Production peaks in summer, declining by up to 75% in winter, with seasonality being the key factor. Technological efficiency scales total production but does not influence spatial patterns. No persistent low-performance clusters were found, indicating a widespread distribution of selfsufficiency shortfalls. Ultimately, the study finds that self-sufficiency depends less on total energy generated and more on the proportion of usable rooftop area relative to consumption and the demand profile. Policy implications emphasise the importance of collective selfconsumption and energy communities in high coverage-to-demand zones, complemented by efficiency improvements and demand management in dense urban environments.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Energy self-sufficiency Urban photovoltaics Urban morphology GIS Energy communities Autossuficiência energética Fotovoltaico urbano Morfologia urbana SIG Comunidades de energia