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A participação da vítima no processo perante o Tribunal Penal Internacional
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A presente investigação tem como escopo principal a inclusão da vítima em um novo modelo de Direito Internacional focado na cooperação e na proteção dos seus direitos e garantias, especialmente no contexto do Direito Penal Internacional (DPI). O trabalho discute a evolução do DPI e sua interseção com os Direitos Humanos, ressaltando a necessidade de reconhecer a identidade da vítima e melhorar seu acesso à justiça e participação processual. Examinamos, nesse sentido, o Estatuto de Roma com o objetivo de identificar, de forma prática, os direitos e as garantias ali estabelecidos para as vítimas. Contudo, também evidenciamos que, apesar dos progressos significativos, persistem lacunas no texto e na aplicação do Estatuto que impactam negativamente a efetiva proteção e participação das vítimas nos processos judiciais. Por fim, a pesquisa propõe mecanismos para fortalecer a participação das vítimas no Tribunal Penal Internacional (TPI), como a criação de um estatuto específico à vítima, com a inclusão de uma queixa privada para um melhor acesso à justiça e a integração de novas tecnologias. O estudo utiliza uma abordagem qualitativa e hipotético-dedutiva, buscando compreender melhor os direitos e as garantias das vítimas, de modo a sugerir soluções para garantir, cada vez mais, sua inclusão e reparação no sistema de justiça internacional.
The main objective of this research is to include victims in a new model of International Law focused on cooperation and the protection of their rights and guarantees, particularly in the context of International Criminal Law (ICL). The study discusses the evolution of ICL and its intersection with Human Rights, emphasizing the need to recognize the identity of victims and improve their access to justice and procedural participation. In this regard, we examine the Rome Statute to practically identify the rights and guarantees established for victims. However, we also highlight that despite significant progress, gaps persist in the text and application of the Statute, which negatively impact the effective protection and participation of victims in judicial proceedings. Finally, the research proposes mechanisms to strengthen victims' participation in the International Criminal Court (ICC), such as the creation of a specific statute for victims, the inclusion of a private complaint mechanism for better access to justice, and the integration of new technologies. The study adopts a qualitative and hypothetical-deductive approach, aiming to better understand victims' rights and guarantees and suggest solutions to increasingly ensure their inclusion and reparation within the international justice system.
The main objective of this research is to include victims in a new model of International Law focused on cooperation and the protection of their rights and guarantees, particularly in the context of International Criminal Law (ICL). The study discusses the evolution of ICL and its intersection with Human Rights, emphasizing the need to recognize the identity of victims and improve their access to justice and procedural participation. In this regard, we examine the Rome Statute to practically identify the rights and guarantees established for victims. However, we also highlight that despite significant progress, gaps persist in the text and application of the Statute, which negatively impact the effective protection and participation of victims in judicial proceedings. Finally, the research proposes mechanisms to strengthen victims' participation in the International Criminal Court (ICC), such as the creation of a specific statute for victims, the inclusion of a private complaint mechanism for better access to justice, and the integration of new technologies. The study adopts a qualitative and hypothetical-deductive approach, aiming to better understand victims' rights and guarantees and suggest solutions to increasingly ensure their inclusion and reparation within the international justice system.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Direito e Ciência Jurídica, 2025, Faculdade de Direito, Universidade de Lisboa
Palavras-chave
Direitos e garantias individuais Vítima Estatuto de Roma Tribunal Penal Internacional Teses de mestrado – 2025