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Resumo(s)
Explorando a ideia do Estado Desenvolvimentista (ED) que se consolida na tentativa de se explicar o milagre económico do Leste Asiático (LA), esta dissertação visa compreender em que medida as suas características essenciais estão presentes na Etiópia. De facto, durante o regime da Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), esta ideia foi ganhando importância, destacando-se por procurar contornar o modelo autocrático que acompanhou o sucesso de economias como Coreia do Sul e Taiwan. Já com o novo governo, políticas de liberalização têm sido adotadas e a filosofia Medemer tem-se tornado mais proeminente, debatendo-se como estas mudanças poderão reforçar ou representar o desvanecimento do ED. Apesar de algumas dinâmicas seguidas pelos exemplos clássicos já não serem mais apropriadas, acredita-se que o ED ainda possa ser uma diretriz relevante. Este estudo realça como o crescimento económico não é suficiente para se classificar este país como um ED e procura expor as discrepâncias em relação às características essenciais ao nível da liderança, burocracia e setor privado. Adicionalmente, e seguindo a perspetiva que identifica a falta de um senso de identidade nacional como um entrave ao ED na Etiópia, este trabalho final de mestrado também reconhece o desafio da identidade nacional, considerando a busca por unidade na diversidade.
Exploring the idea of Developmental State (DS) which emerges in the attempt to explain the East Asia (EA) economic miracle, this dissertation aims to understand the extent to which its essential characteristics are present in Ethiopia. Indeed, during the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) regime, this idea gained ground, standing out for trying to avoid the autocratic model that accompanied the success of economies like South Korea and Taiwan. Yet, with the new government, liberalization policies have been adopted and Medemer philosophy have become more prominent, promoting the debate about how these changes can reinforce or represent a fading of DS. Although there are some dynamics that classical examples have followed that are no longer suitable, it is believed that the DS can still be a relevant guideline. This study highlights how economic growth is not enough to classify this country as a DS and seeks to expose the discrepancies in relation to the essential characteristics at the level of leadership, bureaucracy and private sector. Additionality, and following the view that identifies the lack of a sense of national identity as an impediment to the DS in Ethiopia, this master’s final work also acknowledges the challenge of national identity, considering the quest for unity in diversity.
Exploring the idea of Developmental State (DS) which emerges in the attempt to explain the East Asia (EA) economic miracle, this dissertation aims to understand the extent to which its essential characteristics are present in Ethiopia. Indeed, during the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) regime, this idea gained ground, standing out for trying to avoid the autocratic model that accompanied the success of economies like South Korea and Taiwan. Yet, with the new government, liberalization policies have been adopted and Medemer philosophy have become more prominent, promoting the debate about how these changes can reinforce or represent a fading of DS. Although there are some dynamics that classical examples have followed that are no longer suitable, it is believed that the DS can still be a relevant guideline. This study highlights how economic growth is not enough to classify this country as a DS and seeks to expose the discrepancies in relation to the essential characteristics at the level of leadership, bureaucracy and private sector. Additionality, and following the view that identifies the lack of a sense of national identity as an impediment to the DS in Ethiopia, this master’s final work also acknowledges the challenge of national identity, considering the quest for unity in diversity.
Descrição
Trabalho Final de Mestrado, Desenvolvimento e cooperação internacional, ISEG, 2025.
Palavras-chave
Developmental State East Asia Developing Countries Sub-Saharan Africa Ethiopia National Identity Estado Desenvolvimentista Leste Asiático Países em Desenvolvimento África Subsaariana Etiópia ; Identidade Nacional
