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Desenvolvimento institucional nos transportes públicos : governança metropolitana em Lisboa e Salvador
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Esta dissertação busca estudar dois casos de desenvolvimento institucional em áreas e regiões metropolitanas a partir do fenômeno da metropolização e sua interação com os transportes públicos na perspectiva da integração organizacional e tarifária, esta última como parte integrante da integração operacional, para perceber como os distintos territórios metropolitanas do ponto de vista da governança metropolitana e da integração nos transportes públicos respondem ao contexto comum de crise nos transportes urbanos, expressa nas externalidades negativas provocadas pela intensificação no uso dos transportes privados motorizados, embora em contextos institucionais, territoriais e de mobilidade distintos; uma área metropolitana na Europa, integrada e polarizada pela capital nacional de um Estado Unitário, Portugal, a República Portuguesa, ainda que no contexto da União Europeia, uma quase federação, nomeadamente a Área Metropolitana de Lisboa (AML), e outra região metropolitana na América Latina, integrada e polarizada pela capital do Estado da Bahia, que integra a União de Estados que forma a República Federativa do Brasil, notadamente a Região Metropolitana de Salvador (RMS). A visão panorâmica da evolução institucional dos respetivos territórios metropolitanos no domínio da mobilidade e dos transportes nas últimas três décadas nos permite perceber o ambiente institucional e as mudanças organizacionais e tarifárias recentes como ações de enfrentamento da crise pelos Estados e governos e que tem sido respondida pelas sociedades nos territórios com a individualização motorizada do transporte face as dificuldades enfrentadas pela ação coletiva.
This dissertation seeks to study two cases of institutional development in metropolitan areas and regions based on the phenomenon of metropolisation and its interaction with public transit from the perspective of organisational and fare integration, the latter part of the operational integration, in order to understand how the different metropolitan territories from the point of view of metropolitan governance and integration in public transport respond to the common context in urban transport crisis, expressed in the negative externalities caused by the intensification of using the private motorised transport, albeit in different institutional, territorial and mobility contexts; a metropolitan area in Europe, integrated and polarised by the national capital of a Unitary State, Portugal, the Portuguese Republic, albeit in the context of the European Union, a quasifederation, namely the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (AML), and another metropolitan region in Latin America, integrated and polarised by the capital of the State of Bahia, which is part of the Union of States that forms the Federative Republic of Brazil, notably the Salvador Metropolitan Region (RMS). The institutional evolution in a panoramic view of the respective metropolitan territories in the field of mobility and transport over the last three decades allows us to understand the institutional environment and recent organisational and tariff changes as actions to tackle the crisis by states and governments, which has been responded to by societies in the territories with the motorised individualisation of transport due to difficulties faced by collective action.
This dissertation seeks to study two cases of institutional development in metropolitan areas and regions based on the phenomenon of metropolisation and its interaction with public transit from the perspective of organisational and fare integration, the latter part of the operational integration, in order to understand how the different metropolitan territories from the point of view of metropolitan governance and integration in public transport respond to the common context in urban transport crisis, expressed in the negative externalities caused by the intensification of using the private motorised transport, albeit in different institutional, territorial and mobility contexts; a metropolitan area in Europe, integrated and polarised by the national capital of a Unitary State, Portugal, the Portuguese Republic, albeit in the context of the European Union, a quasifederation, namely the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (AML), and another metropolitan region in Latin America, integrated and polarised by the capital of the State of Bahia, which is part of the Union of States that forms the Federative Republic of Brazil, notably the Salvador Metropolitan Region (RMS). The institutional evolution in a panoramic view of the respective metropolitan territories in the field of mobility and transport over the last three decades allows us to understand the institutional environment and recent organisational and tariff changes as actions to tackle the crisis by states and governments, which has been responded to by societies in the territories with the motorised individualisation of transport due to difficulties faced by collective action.
Descrição
Trabalho Final de Mestrado, Desenvolvimento e Cooperação Internacional, ISEG, 2025
Palavras-chave
Metropolisation Governance Multilevel governance Public transit Institutional development Metropolização Governança Multilevel governance Transportes públicos Desenvolvimento institucional