ISCSP - Artigos em Revistas Internacionais
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- Health Professionals' Communication Competences as a Light on the Patient PathwayPublication . Vaz de Almeida, Cristina; Belim, CéliaThis article proposes a three-factor model of communication competencies inspired in literature review and evaluated and completed by Portuguese health specialists with expertise on health literacy, who were organized into four focus groups (n=25). The study includes a response to the lack of consensus in the literature as to what specific and operative competencies the health professional should perform in clinical encounters with the patients. All the participants in the focus group agreed and reinforced that an aggregated and interdependent model, which is composed of assertiveness, clarity of language, and positivity (ACP model), can be an effective health communication model.
- Aging Conditions of the Portuguese Population Aged 50 Years and OverPublication . Bárrios, Maria João; Fonseca, António Manuel; Fernandes, AnaPopulation aging is a social issue, related to people’s living conditions and the way they grow older. Researchers, policy makers, and stakeholders are working together to find the best solutions to meet population needs as people age. Policies should consider the heterogeneity that is inherent in the aging process, the characteristics of its beneficiaries, and their life conditions. This study presents an analysis of the SHARE Wave 4 data from Portugal, identifying the key considerations to be taken into account in the policy-making process. Our results showed that the older Portuguese are poorly educated, inactive, have economic difficulties, and make a poor evaluation of their health, whereas active people are autonomous in their participation. The population groups that require more attention are older individuals, women, and the least educated. Income and health conditions are the most influential variables and should be a priority.
- Minor sternum and vertebral column congenital defects in Lisbon Identified Skeletal CollectionPublication . Amoroso, AlexandraThis study has mainly a descriptive aim, in which crude prevalence of minor skeletal congenital defects is calculated and sex differences are tested. Prevalence is compared with other studies to recognize regional patterns. Association with age-at-death and year-of-birth is tested to identify impact of environmental stress on minor congenital defects presence. Testing association between defects will identify defects with a probable identical etiology. Chi-square was used to identify sex differences, between studies differences, and to test relationships between defects and Spearman correlation to verify correlation intensity. T-test was used to test age-at-death and year-of-birth differences in defects prevalence. There were no statistically significant differences in prevalence of minor skeletal defects for sex and age-at-death. There were statistically significant differences in year-of-birth for sternal aperture and pectus excavatum (crude prevalence was higher for those who were born earlier). There was a statistical significant association between pectus excavatum and manubrium mesosternal joint and atlas posterior/lateral bridging and notochord defects. For most defects, this study has lower prevalence than other studies. From 18 minor axial skeletal congenital defects analyzed, prevalence ranges from absent to 26.3 (notochord defects). Pectus excavatum and manubrium mesosternal joint might have a similar etiology as well as atlas posterior/lateral bridging and notochord defects. This study has lower prevalence, for almost all defects, than other studies. None of the minor congenital defects tested might, at this time, be considered useful stress markers.
- Research agendas of female and male academics: a new perspective on gender disparities in academiaPublication . Santos, João M.; Horta, Hugo; Amâncio, LígiaThe presence of gender disparities in academia was assessed by analysing the characteristics of the research agendas of academics. Multivariate analysis of variance and structural equation modelling coupled with multi-group analysis were used to identify different gender trajectories. The research agenda preferences of women were less risky and less focused on fields likely to lead to scientific discovery, but were organised in a more collaborative way than those of men. In addition, institutional characteristics were found to influence the research agenda preferences of both women and men. However, the perceived autonomy allowed by a university was more important for female than for male academics to develop more ambitious, collaborative, risky and multidisciplinary efforts. Female academics also needed more time after completing their PhD to develop a preference for riskier research agendas, but past research outputs, the number of co-authors and mobility did not change their agendas.
- Sex assessment with the radius in Portuguese skeletal populations (late 19th – early to mid 20th centuries)Publication . Curate, Francisco; Mestre, Fernando; Garcia, Susana J.The assessment of sex is of immense relevance in the analysis of human skeletal remains, as other parameters of the biological profile are usually sex-specific (e.g., age at death or stature). The radius can be used to estimate sex when more dimorphic bones are not available or in the case of incomplete and fragmentary remains. Ten radius measurements collected in a sample of 364 individuals (166 females and 198 males) from the Coimbra Identified Skeletal Collection (late 19th - early 20th centuries) were employed to generate univariable and multivariable models for sex estimation. All models were evaluated with a 10-fold cross-validation method and an independent holdout sample from the Luís Lopes Collection (late 19th - mid 20th centuries) encompassing 50 individuals (25 females and 25 males). Univariable models show an accuracy ranging from 77.7% to 89.8% (cross-validation), and from 70% to 86% (test sample), while accuracy in the multivariable models varies from 88.7% to 93.4% (cross-validation), and 84.0% to 90.0% (test sample). Results suggest that measurements of the radius are useful to develop standard guidelines for sex estimation of anonymous skeletal remains.
- Stay close to urban green spaces: current evidence on cultural ecosystem services provisionPublication . Vidal, Diogo Guedes; Teixeira, Catarina Patoilo; Dias, Ricardo Cunha; Fernandes, Cláudia Oliveira; Filho, Walter Leal; Barros, Nelson; Maia, Rui LeandroBackground: Research suggests that access to urban green spaces (UGS) is crucial to support public and environmental health through ecosystem services (ES) provision. However, Cultural ecosystem services (CES), due to their connections to human emotion, a deep meaning, fulfilment, and motivation, have been less studied. CES provision in UGS are central to well-being, contributing to improving mental and physical health outcomes, as well as enhancing social cohesion. Accordingly, this systematic review aims to contribute to a better understanding of CES provision by UGS. Methods: A systematic review was carried out in ScienceDirect (Article type = Research articles, years = 2000–2020), PubMed (Article type = journal article, text availability = Full text, year = 2000–2020) and Google Scholar (year = 2000–2020) databases. The keywords used in the search were: ‘urban green space’ OR ‘parks’ AND ‘cultural ecosystem service’ OR ‘cultural services’. Results: The search returned 5417 results. After the screening process, 41 articles were reviewed. CES are mainly studied in Europe in the fields of social sciences and landscape management, linking human well-being, urban landscape management, and planning. The dimensions studied are (i) perception and assessment, (ii) recreation and mental and physical health, (iii) aesthetic appreciation/inspiration for culture, art, and design, (iv) tourism, and (v) spiritual experience and sense of place. Conclusions: The study points out to the need for efforts to develop relational approaches to help understand what UGS users feel and experience. In particular, how UGS contribute towards promoting healthier and sustainable cities, and to fostering the well-being of people of all ages.
- ‘Mértola, a lab for the future’ as a transformational plan for the mediterranean semi-arid region: A learning case based on landsenses ecologyPublication . Cortegano, Marta; Dias, Ricardo Cunha; Guedes Vidal, Diogo; Seixas, Paulo CastroLearning cases as Transformational Plans are a tool that is still little explored and that have great potential in the framework of Landsenses Ecology as an emerging discipline. This work presents the project ‘Mértola, a Lab for the Future’ as a learning case of a Transformational Plan in the Mediterranean semi-arid region based on Landsenses Ecology. It is a project of agroecological transition, adaptation to climate change and desertification combat that places the local community leadership in the planning of a more sustainable and resilient future. The paper proposes Transformational Plans as a tool to promote networks for the sharing of technical-scientific, political and practical/lay knowledge enhancing a people-centred and place-based change. The learning case methodology follows an analysis showing a set of good governance practices for sustainability, through six transformation domains: access to natural ecosystems, knowledge and culture, systems of exchange, networks, equity, and discourse. Results show a strong articulation between the learning case and the UN 2030 Agenda, highlighting SDGs location and territorialization practices. This kind of projects, which strongly connects with governance and its multilevel and territorial translation, have a great potential for the Landsenses Ecology, contributing to innovate in governance approaches. The same place-based approach could be used and replicated by other territories in the Mediterranean semi-arid region to develop their Transformational Plans for accelerating transformation towards more sustainable territories.
- A Contratação Pública e a Resolução Alternativa de Litígios: As Implicações do Memorando de Entendimento (MoU)Publication . Correia, Pedro Miguel Alves Ribeiro; Pereira, S. P. M.Com a transposição da Diretiva de 2014/24/EU, foram identificados 12 desafios. Entre eles, o desafio número 11, expõe a necessidade de adotar alternativas de resolução de litígios, quer sistemas de acompanhamento, quer mediação. O intuito pauta-se por minimizar as situações de conflito e litígios, de acordo com as recomendações internacionais. O Memorando do Entendimento trouxe alterações ao nível das compras públicas e do sistema judicial. É assim interessante, entender de que forma estas duas temáticas se interligam e permitem uma maior eficiência e eficácia da máquina pública.
- Towards a Conceptual Framework for City Diplomacy: a Practitioner’s PerspectivePublication . Santos, Niedja de Andrade e Silva Forte dosAs a rising star on the international stage, city diplomacy has been examined by practitioners and pioneer scholars. Therefore, structured insights from practice, history, and academic works have boosted theory development. Similarly, new diplomatic history can explore new paths based on contemporary perspectives on city diplomacy. Based on a practitioner’s perspective, this essay brings academically contextualized observations together for the construction of a conceptual framework for the historical study of city diplomacy.
- The Interplay of Soft Power and Sharp Power in Sport Diplomacy: A Conceptual FrameworkPublication . de Andrade e Silva Forte dos Santos, NiedjaThis paper aims to deliver a conceptual framework for further studies on the analysis of soft power and sharp power within sport diplomacy. Developed from the international relations perspective, the research is framed by the neoliberal institutionalism theory and public diplomacy notion. The traditional literature review builds up the research design. Concepts of soft power, sharp power, and sport diplomacy are operationalized and underpins the analytical framework which is an outcome of this study and can support future developments. Besides indicating paths for further research, the conclusion summarizes how sport diplomacy has integrated actors, tactics, and tools, as well as resources of soft and sharp power making the interplay of them within sport diplomacy.