Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2019-05"
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- Neblina: o que digo do desenhoPublication . Castelo, SebastiãoO objetivo do presente estudo é compreender se o Desenho ser Desenho é relevante e influencia a forma como as obras de Desenho são interpretadas, tendo presente que, tudo que se racionalize sobre Desenho é neblina, neblina que cobre a inexplicável e complexa paisagem - o Desenho - tornando-a assim dizível. Num primeiro momento é apresentada uma síntese daquelas que são, comumente, identificadas como características do Desenho. Seguidamente, à luz das características anteriormente identificadas, iremos caracterizar a obra de Lawrence Carroll, "Lawrence Carroll, dies" (1990), analisando-a nas suas diferentes dimensões. Por último, refletiremos sobre a relevância e o modo como estas características (que fazem o Desenho ser Desenho?) influenciam a forma como interpretamos as obras.
- A transversalidade dos crimes de femicídio/feminicídio no Brasil e em PortugalPublication . Bandeira, Lourdes Maria; Magalhães, Maria JoséO crime de feminicídio tipifica a morte violenta da mulher por sua condição de sexo/gênero. Ocorre nas inter-relações privadas e nos espaços públicos, aumentando cada vez mais em sua dimensão deletéria e na exacerbação da vulnerabilidade feminina. Como explicar o número crescente de mulheres assassinadas no Brasil e em Portugal? Em que medida a violência é tolerada como parte da vida da mulher? A manutenção persistente de imagens “tradicionais” – maternal, passiva, amorosa – acaba, ainda, por alicerçar situações subalternas em relação à sua identidade e aos seus corpos. E por que as mulheres são mortas? A violência é cometida, sobretudo, por homens que têm algum tipo de relacionamento com as vítimas: são maridos, companheiros, noivos, namorados, e todos os ex que, diante de um pedido de separação pela mulher, consideram motivo suficiente para infringir sua morte violenta. Crimes de ódio com profunda crueldade têm demarcado o corpo feminino como um “novo” território de vingança. Outra vulnerabilidade das vítimas é a desqualificação em relação às ameaças, violências e ofensas sofridas, somando-se a inoperância e a pouca celeridade do sistema judiciário que provoca ainda forte descrença e impunidade. Nessa direção, realiza-se uma análise comparativa entre o enquadramento midiático de crimes tipificados como de femicídio/ feminicídio ocorridos no estado de Goiás e no Distrito Federal com Portugal, entre os anos 2016 e 2017. Dadas as diferenças históricas, populacionais e estruturais, seguiu-se uma epistemologia de comparabilidade hermenêutica (Esser & Hanitzsch, 2012). O exame das dimensões comuns remete à reflexão acadêmica e à ação política. A análise é desenvolvida a partir das seguintes categorias: aniquilamento simbólico, propriedade sexual ou pertencimento sexual e terrorismo patriarcal ou crime de misoginia.
- "Desmaterialização da arte" e imaterialidade: desenho e sublimação em James TurrellPublication . Conceição pereira, MariaO presente artigo/comunicação insere-se na investigação prática do Desenho, tendo como resultado a realização de uma colecção de desenhos de objectos (imaginados). Será a segunda parte do diário ficticio de Otto Rahn, um oficial Alemão, que terá inspirado a personagem de Indiana Jones. A primeira parte intitulava-se: Das geheine Tagebuch von Otto Rahn, tendo como resultado a realização de uma colecção de desenhos de objectos que podem ter dupla leitura, consoante o eixo horizontal ou eixo vertical. A segunda parte, a zwiete Kollektion que foi apresentada em Multiplas Expressoes II, dezembro de 2018, intitula-se As armas da Paixão; Arma Christi, literalmente Armas de Cristo, ou Instrumentos da Paixão.
- Imagens em falta: desenho, narrativa gráfica e o trabalho da memóriaPublication . Souza, NunoPartindo da ausência de imagens documentais relativas a uma casa outrora habitada pelos meus familiares, propõe-se uma reflexão em torno dos processos dialógicos da memória, recorrendo ao desenho como trabalho da memória, como meio de documentar e aceder a espaços problemáticos da representação. Conjugando métodos etno e autoetnográficos de investigação - entrevistas e conversas informais, diálogos desenhados, desenho de reportagem e montagem narrativa - pensam-se as possibilidades do desenho como meio de interpretar e revisitar memórias individuais e colectivas, em contextos de escassez de imagens documentais. Como podemos compreender os processos individuais e sociais da construção da memória, através da análise aos seus lapsos e distorções?
- Inoculation With Piriformospora indica Is More Efficient in Wild-Type Rice Than in Transgenic Rice Over-Expressing the Vacuolar H+-PPasePublication . Bertolazi, Amanda Azevedo; de Souza, Sávio Bastos; Ruas, Katherine Fraga; Campostrini, Eliemar; de Rezende, Carlos Eduardo; Cruz, Cristina; Melo, Juliana; Colodete, Carlos Moacir; Varma, Ajit; Ramos, Alessandro CoutinhoAchieving food security in a context of environmental sustainability is one of the main challenges of the XXI century. Two competing strategies to achieve this goal are the use of genetically modified plants and the use of plant growth promoting microorganisms (PGPMs). However, few studies assess the response of genetically modified plants to PGPMs. The aim of this study was to compare the response of over expressing the vacuolar H+-PPase (AVP) and wild-type rice types to the endophytic fungus; Piriformospora indica. Oryza sativa plants (WT and AVP) were inoculated with P. indica and 30 days later, morphological, ecophysiological and bioenergetic parameters, and nutrient content were assessed. AVP and WT plant heights were strongly influenced by inoculation with P. indica, which also promoted increases in fresh and dry matter of shoot in both genotypes. This may be related with the stimulatory effect of P. indica on ecophysiological parameters, especially photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intrinsic water use efficiency and carboxylation efficiency. However, there were differences between the genotypes concerning the physiological mechanisms leading to biomass increment. In WT plants, inoculation with P. indica stimulated all H+ pumps. However, in inoculated AVP plants, H+-PPase was stimulated, but P- and V-ATPases were inhibited. Fungal inoculation enhanced nutrient uptake in both shoots and roots of WT and AVP plants, compared to uninoculated plants; but among inoculated genotypes, the nutrient uptake was lower in AVP than in WT plants. These results clearly demonstrate that the symbiosis between P. indica and AVP plants did not benefit those plants, which may be related to the inefficient colonization of this fungus on the transgenic plants, demonstrating an incompatibility of this symbiosis, which needs to be further studied.
- O desenho como instrumento de pesquisa no ensino do designPublication . Springer, LeonardoNas últimas décadas, assistimos a uma gradual implementação e subsequente proliferação no ensino do design, secundário e universitário, de software de desenho assistido por computador (Computer-Aided Design - CAD). O esforço e investimento levado a cabo providenciou aos alunos novas ferramentas de execução de desenho rigoroso. Porém esta mudança de paradigma do ensino tem revelado uma carência na capacidade dos alunos em representar conceitos e ideias através do desenho à mão livre e subsequente desenvolvimento dos mesmos.
- Multimodal response to levodopa treatment in advanced and late Parkinson’s diseasePublication . Fabbri, Margherita; Ferreira, Joaquim José Coutinho; Antonini, AngeloParkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive age-dependent neurodegenerative disease. Life expectancy increasing and a better knowledge in PD treatment management, including the advent of device-aided therapies, are likely to increase the number of patients who can reach an advanced disease stage and eventually enter the late stage (LS) of the disease in the next decades. LSPD is a recently recognized disease stage, in which patients are severely disable and dependent on activities of daily life (ADLs) due to the presence of poor treatment responsive motor and non-motor symptoms (NMS) thus highly impacting caregiver’s burden and social/health care system. Hence an operational clinical criteria to identify LSPD patients has been recently proposed suggesting adopt a Schwab and England activity of daily life score (S&E) < 50 in the MED ON condition. LSPD patients’ treatment management is challenging. Treatment-related adverse effects (AEs) are frequent and few evidence in terms of phamacological and non-pharmacological treatment efficacy are available as they are barely included in clinical or research studies and even the participation into routine hospital-based visits can be an unsurmountable limit. At the same time, even if general PD disease severity milestones have been described, we do not know how LSPD patients specifically progress, if they do evolve and if there are clinical markers or biomarkers of poor outcome that could be useful to focus specific therapeutic interventions for this specific disease stage. We aimed to deeply characterize the clinical phenotype, needs along with clinical markers or biomarkers of poor outcome of LSPD patients. As levodopa (L-dopa) is the mainstay of PD treatment and a simplification of treatment regimen in later disease stages has been suggested, we also aimed to investigate the real effect of L-dopa on motor symptoms and NMS among LSPD patients, if compared to advanced stage patients. Among NMS, we focused our work particularly on speech impairment, exploring speech response to L-dopa among LSPD patients and to fine stimulation parameters adjustment, in combination with L-dopa, in advanced PD patients submitted to deep brain stimulation (DBS). Participants were LSPD (Schwab and England ADL Scale [S&E] <50 or Hoehn Yahr Stage [HY] >3 in “MED ON” state) and advanced stage PD patients previously submitted to DBS. Cross-sectional data were obtained by means of a comprehensive clinical assessment including a L-dopa challenge test with a suprathreshold dose. A subgroup of thirteen LSPD patients underwent a neuroimaging study in order to study neuromelanin (NM) substantia nigra (SN) area changes in the latest disease stage if compared to previous ones. Automated analysis of speech were used to study the effect of a supramaximal L-dopa dose in twenty-four LSPD patients as well as L-dopa and frequency stimulation adjustment in twenty deep brain stimulated patients. Longitudinal data were collected only for LSPD patients. Descriptive, regression and survival curves analysis were performed. Fifty LSPD patients (female 46%) were included. Mean age was 77.5 ± 5.9 years and mean disease duration was 15.5± 6.5 years. At baseline, 76% had L-dopa-induced motor complications (MCs), mainly non-troublesome, 68%were demented, 54% had psychosis and 68% depression. Caregiver distress was high. L-dopa responsiveness was mild (18% ± 12 of improvement on MDS-UPDRS-III) and present only for appendicular signs, being tremor and rigidity the most responsive ones, while axial signs did not change. The clinical significance of this better motor response was marginal according to the Clinical Global Improvement Scale and the change in the S&E between OFF and ON state. The magnitude of L-dopa response correlated with the acute appearance of dyskinesias and the severity of MCs. After one-year, 20% of the patients were dead, 18% institutionalized in nursing home and 6% passed to a HY 5. MDS-UPDRS-motor mean score worsened 7.2 ± 10.3 points, corresponding to a 15.7% (±23.0) increase, with no difference between tremor-dominant versus akinetic-rigid phenotype or PD patients with/without dementia (PDD/non-PDD) at baseline. However, there was heterogeneity between patients in terms of disease progression, as 12 patients (37.5%) had a motor deterioration ≤ 3 points and 14 (43%) ≤ 5 points with concomitant worsening of the MDS-UPDRS-II (Motor Aspects of Experiences of Daily Living), of 2.1±4.1. Conversely, eleven cases (32%) did not deteriorate and, in fact, 10 of these improved between 1-6 points at the MDS-UPDRS-III. Overall NMS worsened, mostly in cognition/mood, urinary and gastrointestinal domains. Conversely, MCs improved despite similar L-dopa equivalent dose. Functional independence and quality of life worsened. Dysphagia severity at baseline predicted a poor combined outcome (death, being institutionalized or developing HY 5) (Hazard ratio 2.3, 95% CI 1.12- 4.4; p = 0.01) or death alone (Hazard ratio of 2.9, 95% CI 1.12- 8.6, p=0.04), whereas magnitude of L-dopa response of LSPD patients did not. SN area evaluated by NM-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), resulted able to differentiate LSPD patients from both de novo PD patients and controls, though not founding statistical differences between LSPD patients and patients with two-five year disease duration. Performing an indirect comparison of the effect of L-dopa on motor symptoms and NMS among twenty LSPD patients and twenty-two, not-matched, advanced PD patients, a milder response on motor symptoms (11% vs. 37% of improvement on MDS-UPDRS-III) and an absence of response on NMS, namely anxiety, fatigue and pain, were found among LSPD patients, with concomitant higher frequency of drug-related AEs. Indeed orthostatic hypotension (OH) or drowsiness occurred among 35% of LSPD patients versus 13% of advanced PD patients, who still presented a benefit from L-dopa intake on pain and anxiety, while fatigue did not change. Scales applicability and blood pressure assessment while standing resulted challenging among LSPD patients with consequent missing data on depression, anxiety, pain and OH identification and possible underestimation of those symptoms. No effect of L-dopa was found on speech and voice by means of both automated analysis and clinical evaluation in LSPD patients. Respiratory support for speech and voice stability were the most affected speech and voice features among LSPD patients. Among axial symptoms, speech seemed to be the most L-dopa unresponsive one. Speech unresponsiveness to L-dopa was confirmed also among subthalamic (STN)-DBS treated patients with both mild and severe dysarthria, at least in combination with stimulation. Conversely, PD patients with severe dysarthria under chronic STN-DBS treatment showed a benefit of lowering frequency of stimulation from 130 Hz (High frequency stimulation [HFS]) to 60Hz (low frequency stimulation [LFS]), with concomitant increment of voltage, in order to keep constant the total energy delivered. Indeed speech intelligibility and articulatory diadochokinesis presented an acute improvement passing from HFS to LFS, as assessed by automated speech analysis and such a benefit, when present and clinically meaningful, lasted during six months with no motor worsening, though requiring medication adjustment. The present study provides further evidence to better delineate a recently recognized and poorly described PD stage. An extensive cross-sectional and longitudinal observation is proposed. LSPD patients clearly differ from previous stages in terms of both clinical features, needs, therapeutic response and drugs’ tolerability profile. Over one year, a heterogeneous disease progression of motor symptoms is still present and it seems even steeper if compared to previous stages, while functional independence globally worsened. As well as mild motor improvements are still possible with treatment adjustment, it is also possible to identify a clinical phenotype of LSPD patients who are likely to have a better response to L-dopa if compared to the other ones. Clinical assessment and therapeutic interventions for swallowing problems should be a priority. PDD or living in a nursing home remain other indicators of poor outcome. In the next few years the number of LSPD patients who have been previously submitted to device-aided therapies is expected to increase, bringing new clinical scenarios, such as the fine parameters adjustment of invasive treatment for challenging motor and NMS and the difficult management or eventual interruption of those treatments among elderly and frail LSPD patients. Overall, future research and fund allocations should be specifically oriented on LSPD patients, usually not included or considered in clinical trials or research studies, and on L-dopa not-responsive aspects and caregivers’ needs
- Da natureza naturans à coisa acabadaPublication . Queiroz, João Paulo
- The Brexit : a case of financial contagion?Publication . Saerri, Guglielmo; Sobreira, NunoO objetivo do trabalho é entender se o Brexit pode ser visto como um choque capaz de provocar contágio financeiro nos mercados bolsistas europeus. O contágio financeiro é definido como um aumento significativo nas correlações cross-market e nas volatilidades após um choque. Para testar a hipótese de contágio procedeu-se com a estimação das correlações e dos DP condicionais por meio de um modelo VAR-MGARCH: obteve-se evidência empírica de que o Brexit causou contágio financeiro.
- Materializar o gesto: tipologias de desenho no processo criativo de cenografia e figurinoPublication . Malva, FilipaO projecto Desenho e Performance: A Cenografia em Criação, a decorrer, pretende refletir sobre a relação prática e artística que os cenógrafos/figurinistas têm com o desenho como ferramenta de criação de espaço e de tempo de performance e como mediador entre os corpos do performer em palco e o do desenhador. Tem-se procedido ao levantamento da forma como estes recorrem ao desenho durante a criação de um espectáculo e registam o modo como os elementos cenográficos são introduzidos em confronto ou em diálogo com o corpo em movimento. O protocolo de levantamento proposto inclui três tipologias de desenho que registam o pensamento especulativo desenvolvido: (1) desenho como registo de movimento e ação; (2) desenho como proposta de conceitos e materiais cenográficos; (3) desenho como cenografia. Neste artigo proponho reflectir sobre o modo como estas tipologias são usadas nos exemplos levantados e debater a sua função na construção de questões comuns ao uso do desenho nos processos criativos.