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Abstract(s)
«Force gens ont été l’instrument de leur mal: / Candaule en est un témoignage” – assim começa La Fontaine o conto “Le roi Candaule et le maître en droit”, inspirado num célebre episódio de Heródoto (I, 8-13). Refere o historiador que, orgulhoso da beleza da esposa, o rei lídio Candaules propôs a Giges (membro da sua guarda pessoal) que a visse nua, escondido nos aposentos reais. Sentindo-se injuriada por o marido assim a expor aos olhos de outro homem, a rainha ordenou a Giges que escolhesse entre matar Candaules ou sofrer a morte por ter visto o que não devia. Giges optou pelo regicídio, desposou a viúva e alcançou o poder. Na versão narrada por Platão (Rep. II, 359c-360b; X, 612b), Giges (um ambicioso pastor da casa real) sobe ao trono da Lídia, com os poderes de um anel mágico, que lhe permite entrar invisível no palácio, seduzir a rainha e matar o rei.
Em diversos géneros literários, não faltam testemunhos da recepção deste episódio. Foi tema de tragédia (Gyges und sein Ring de Friedrich Hebbel; König Kandaules de Hugo von Hofmanns-thal), drama (Le Roi Candaule de André Gide) e comédia (El anillo de Giges, y máxico rey de Lydia de José de Cañizares; Le Roi Candaule de Henry Meilhac e Ludovic Halévy; Le Roi Candaule, comé-dia lírica com libreto de Maurice Donnay e música de Alfred Bruneau). Além do conto de La Fontaine, a novela Le Roi Candaule de Théophile Gautier e o romance The English Patient de Michael Ondaatje são alguns dos textos narrativos que retomam a história de Giges e Can-daules, que poderá ter sido também uma das fontes de inspiração de Cervantes na “Novela del Curioso impertinente”.
One of the stories in La Fontaine’s tale “Le roi Candaule et le maître en droit” is a famous episode of Herodotus’ Histories (I, 8-13): proud of his wife’s beauty, the Lydian king Candaules proposed Gyges (his favorite bodyguard) to see her naked, hidden behind the open door of the royal bedroom. Feeling reviled, exposed by her husband to the eyes of another man, the queen told Gyges that he must kill the king or die for having seen what he should not. Gyges killed Candaules, married the widow, and became king. According to Plato (Rep. II, 359c-360b; X, 612b), Gyges was an ambitious shepherd, who found a magic ring; invisible, he entered the palace, seduced the queen, killed Candaules and became king. In different literary genres, there is no lack of evidence of the reception of this episode. It inspired tragedy (Gyges und sein Ring by Friedrich Hebbel; König Kandaules by Hugo von Hof-mannsthal), drama (Le Roi Candaule by André Gide) and comedy (El anillo de Giges, y máxico rey de Lydia by José de Cañizares; Le Roi Candaule by Henry Meilhac and Ludovic Halévy; Le Roi Candaule, lyric comedy by Maurice Donnay and Alfred Bruneau). La Fontaine’s tale, the short story Le roi Candaule by Théophile Gautier and the novel The English Patient by Michael Ondaa-tje are some of the narrative texts that recall the story of Gyges and Candaules, which may also have been one of the sources of Cervantes’ Novela del Curioso impertinente.
One of the stories in La Fontaine’s tale “Le roi Candaule et le maître en droit” is a famous episode of Herodotus’ Histories (I, 8-13): proud of his wife’s beauty, the Lydian king Candaules proposed Gyges (his favorite bodyguard) to see her naked, hidden behind the open door of the royal bedroom. Feeling reviled, exposed by her husband to the eyes of another man, the queen told Gyges that he must kill the king or die for having seen what he should not. Gyges killed Candaules, married the widow, and became king. According to Plato (Rep. II, 359c-360b; X, 612b), Gyges was an ambitious shepherd, who found a magic ring; invisible, he entered the palace, seduced the queen, killed Candaules and became king. In different literary genres, there is no lack of evidence of the reception of this episode. It inspired tragedy (Gyges und sein Ring by Friedrich Hebbel; König Kandaules by Hugo von Hof-mannsthal), drama (Le Roi Candaule by André Gide) and comedy (El anillo de Giges, y máxico rey de Lydia by José de Cañizares; Le Roi Candaule by Henry Meilhac and Ludovic Halévy; Le Roi Candaule, lyric comedy by Maurice Donnay and Alfred Bruneau). La Fontaine’s tale, the short story Le roi Candaule by Théophile Gautier and the novel The English Patient by Michael Ondaa-tje are some of the narrative texts that recall the story of Gyges and Candaules, which may also have been one of the sources of Cervantes’ Novela del Curioso impertinente.
Description
Keywords
La Fontaine Conto Novela Giges e Candaules Heródoto Platão Tale Novella Gyges and Candaules Herodotus Plato
Pedagogical Context
Citation
“Le Roi Candaule de La Fontaine – um conto, na diversidade de géneros dos ecos literários de um célebre episódio de Heródoto”, Forma Breve – Revista de Literatura, 14, 2017, pp. 539-549.
Publisher
Editora da Universidade de Aveiro