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Possibilidades terapêuticas dos polifenóis alimentares na doença de Alzheimer
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A doença de Alzheimer (AD) é uma doença neurodegenerativa, crónica e progressiva, caracterizada pela perca de capacidades cognitivas, sendo a principal causa de demência a nível mundial. As lesões características desta doença são os agregados de peptídeos beta amilóide (Aβ) e os emaranhados neurofibrilares (NFTs) compostos por proteína tau hiperfosforilada.
Tomando em conta, o paradigma atual de gestão da AD, especificamente no que respeita às soluções terapêuticas farmacológicas disponíveis, estas têm-se revelado ineficazes, levando apenas à melhoria dos sintomas patológicos e, não apresentado qualquer capacidade curativa ou de remissão da patologia.
Os polifenóis alimentares devido a suas propriedades antioxidantes e anti-inflamatórias, tendo sido considerados como moléculas altamente promissoras. Estes compostos têm vindo a ser apontados como soluções terapêuticas de prevenção e tratamento de várias doenças, tais como doenças crónicas do foro cardiovascular, neurodegenerativas, diabetes tipo 2 e obesidade.
Nesta monografia, pretende-se abordar os mecanismos patológicos conhecidos da AD e evidenciar a ação dos polifenóis sobre os mesmo como estratégia terapêutica para o combate à AD.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic, progressive, and neurodegenerative disease, characterized by the loss of cognitive abilities, being the leading cause of dementia worldwide. The pathological hallmarks of AD are the β-amyloid peptide aggregates (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Taking into account, the current AD management paradigm, specifically regarding the pharmacological therapeutic solutions available, these have proven to be ineffective, having only led to improvement of pathological symptoms, without showing any curative or remissive effects on the pathology. Food polyphenols due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, have been considered as highly promising molecules. These compounds have been identified as therapeutic solutions for the prevention and treatment of various diseases, such as chronic cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. In this work, it is intended to explain the known pathological mechanisms of AD and to explore the action of polyphenols on those mechanism, as a therapeutic strategy to combat AD.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic, progressive, and neurodegenerative disease, characterized by the loss of cognitive abilities, being the leading cause of dementia worldwide. The pathological hallmarks of AD are the β-amyloid peptide aggregates (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Taking into account, the current AD management paradigm, specifically regarding the pharmacological therapeutic solutions available, these have proven to be ineffective, having only led to improvement of pathological symptoms, without showing any curative or remissive effects on the pathology. Food polyphenols due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, have been considered as highly promising molecules. These compounds have been identified as therapeutic solutions for the prevention and treatment of various diseases, such as chronic cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. In this work, it is intended to explain the known pathological mechanisms of AD and to explore the action of polyphenols on those mechanism, as a therapeutic strategy to combat AD.
Descrição
Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2020, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia.
Palavras-chave
Doença de Alzheimer Neurodegenaração Polifenóis Estratégias terapêuticas Mecanismo patológico Amilóide beta Emaranhados neurofibrilares Mestrado integrado - 2020