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Resumo(s)
Estudos têm verificado que crianças nascidas prematuras, comparativamente com
crianças nascidas de termo, apresentam maior risco de problemas comportamentais. Esses
resultados foram reforçados na revisão exaustiva de literatura apresentada neste estudo. Nessa
revisão, foram também identificados riscos associados à prevalência de problemas de
comportamento nesta população, nomeadamente características das crianças, dos pais (da
parentalidade) e do contexto social. O estudo central que aqui se apresenta teve como objetivo
identificar as associações entre o nível de stress parental, práticas parentais, autorregulação
parental, resposta parental a emoções negativas da criança e a perceção parental de problemas
de comportamento em pais de crianças, entre os 4 e os 10 anos, nascidas prematuras. A amostra
incluiu 48 mães de crianças nascidas prematuras, que preencheram o Questionário do
Comportamento da Criança, o Índice de Stress Parental, o Questionário das Práticas Parentais,
a Escala de Regulação Emocional Parental e a Escala de Reações Parentais às Emoções
Negativas dos Filhos. Foi realizada uma análise descritiva e correlacional e uma regressão
linear hierárquica múltipla. Não se verificaram valores clínicos/borderline para problemas de
internalização, externalização ou problemas gerais de comportamento. As mães das crianças
deste estudo reportaram níveis mais elevados de stress associado ao domínio global da figura
parental, mas níveis mais elevados nos subdomínios da criança. Mostraram maior utilização de
práticas parentais positivas, boas capacidades de autorregulação e mais respostas positivas
perante emoções negativas da criança. Verificaram-se correlações estatisticamente
significativas entre a perceção materna de problemas de comportamento e níveis elevados de
stress materno, práticas parentais negativas, estratégias negativas de autorregulação e respostas
parentais negativas perante emoções negativas da criança. O sexo da criança (especificamente,
ser do sexo masculino), o estatuto socioeconómico baixo e médio-baixo e o stress materno
foram identificados como preditores de problemas de internalização e externalização. O
modelo de regressão explicou 63% e 62%, respetivamente, da variância. Este estudo realça as
associações existentes entre as características da parentalidade e o desenvolvimento de
problemas de comportamento em crianças, em idade escolar, nascidas prematuras.
Studies have found that children born prematurely, compared to children born at term, are at higher risk for behavioral problems. These results were reinforced in the exhaustive literature review presented in this study. In this review, risks associated with the prevalence of behavioral problems in this population were also identified, namely characteristics of children, parents (parenting) and the social context. The central study presented here aimed to identify the associations between the level of parental stress, parental practices, parental self-regulation, parental response to the child’s negative emotions and the parental perception of behavioral problems in parents of children, between 4 and 10 years old, born preterm. The sample included 48 mothers of children born preterm, who completed the Child Behavior Checklist, Parental Stress Index, Parent Practices Interview, Parent Emotion Regulation Scale and the Coping with Children’s Negative Emotions Scale. A descriptive and correlational analysis and a multiple hierarchical linear regression were performed. There were not clinical/borderline values for internalization, externalization or general behavior problems. The mothers of the children in this study reported higher levels of stress associated with the global domain of the parents, but higher level in the child’s subdomains. They showed greater use of positive parenting practices, good self-regulation skills and more positive responses to the child’s negative emotions. There were statistically significant correlations between maternal perception of behavioral problems and high levels of maternal stress, negative parenting practices, negative self-regulation strategies and negative parental responses to the child’s negative emotions. The child’s gender (specifically, being male), low and medium-low socioeconomic status and the maternal stress were identified as predictors of internalization and externalization problems. The regression model explained 63% and 62%, respectively, of the variance. This study highlights the associations between the characteristics of parenting and the development of behavioral problems in children, of school age, born preterm.
Studies have found that children born prematurely, compared to children born at term, are at higher risk for behavioral problems. These results were reinforced in the exhaustive literature review presented in this study. In this review, risks associated with the prevalence of behavioral problems in this population were also identified, namely characteristics of children, parents (parenting) and the social context. The central study presented here aimed to identify the associations between the level of parental stress, parental practices, parental self-regulation, parental response to the child’s negative emotions and the parental perception of behavioral problems in parents of children, between 4 and 10 years old, born preterm. The sample included 48 mothers of children born preterm, who completed the Child Behavior Checklist, Parental Stress Index, Parent Practices Interview, Parent Emotion Regulation Scale and the Coping with Children’s Negative Emotions Scale. A descriptive and correlational analysis and a multiple hierarchical linear regression were performed. There were not clinical/borderline values for internalization, externalization or general behavior problems. The mothers of the children in this study reported higher levels of stress associated with the global domain of the parents, but higher level in the child’s subdomains. They showed greater use of positive parenting practices, good self-regulation skills and more positive responses to the child’s negative emotions. There were statistically significant correlations between maternal perception of behavioral problems and high levels of maternal stress, negative parenting practices, negative self-regulation strategies and negative parental responses to the child’s negative emotions. The child’s gender (specifically, being male), low and medium-low socioeconomic status and the maternal stress were identified as predictors of internalization and externalization problems. The regression model explained 63% and 62%, respectively, of the variance. This study highlights the associations between the characteristics of parenting and the development of behavioral problems in children, of school age, born preterm.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado, Psicologia (Área de Especialização em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde - Psicologia da Saúde e da Doença), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2020
Palavras-chave
Problemas de comportamento Prematuros Stress parental Práticas parentais Autorregulação Emoções Crianças Teses de mestrado - 2020
