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Vinculação da criança/adolescente e perceção de bem-estar
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Este estudo aborda a auto perceção de crianças e adolescentes sobre a vinculação e o bem-estar
(considerando o afeto – positivo/negativo - e a satisfação com a vida). Tem como objetivos,
analisar a relação da vinculação com o bem-estar, e do afeto com a satisfação com a vida, e
averiguar se ocorrem variações nas dimensões em estudo em função de variáveis da/do
criança/adolescente (sexo e idade) e do contexto escolar (escolaridade e aproveitamento). A
amostra era constituída por 84 participantes, 58 (69%) raparigas, com idades dos 8 aos 17 anos
(M=14.3 anos; DP=2.17). Foram utilizados três instrumentos: Inventário sobre a Vinculação
para a Infância e Adolescência, Questionário de Afetividade Positiva e Negativa para Crianças
e Adolescentes, Escala de Satisfação com a Vida para Estudantes, e ainda um questionário para
recolha de informação sociodemográfica e escolar. Os resultados indicaram uma relação da
vinculação segura com o afeto positivo e negativo (positiva e negativa, respetivamente), e deste
com a vinculação ansiosa/ambivalente (positiva). A vinculação segura associou-se ainda
positivamente com a satisfação com a vida, associando-se a insegura negativamente. O afeto e
a satisfação também se associaram de forma significativa. As raparigas reportaram níveis mais
altos de vinculação evitante e de afeto negativo, e os rapazes de satisfação com a vida, não
existindo diferenças com base na idade (8-12 vs. 13-18 anos). As crianças e os adolescentes
com um aproveitamento suficiente (vs. bom ou muito bom) referiram níveis mais baixos de
afeto positivo, de satisfação com a vida e de vinculação segura (resultados apenas tendenciais
nos dois últimos casos). Os resultados contribuem para aumentar o conhecimento sobre a
relação da vinculação com o bem-estar, em crianças/adolescentes, a partir da sua própria
perspetiva, e sugerem a relevância destas dimensões para o aproveitamento escolar, indicando
ainda que o bem-estar pode ter características diferenciais nos rapazes e raparigas.
This study addresses children and adolescents’ self-perception of attachment and well-being (considering positive and negative affect and satisfaction with life). It aims to analyze the relationship between attachment and well-being, and between affect and life satisfaction, and to ascertain whether there are variations in the dimensions under study as a function of child/adolescent (gender and age) and school context (schooling and achievement) variables. The sample consisted of 84 participants, 58 (69%) were girls, aged between 8 and 17 years (M = 14.3 years; SD = 2.17). Three instruments were used: the Childhood and Adolescence Attachment Inventory, the Positive and Negative Affect Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents, the Student’s Life Satisfaction Scale, and also a questionnaire to collect sociodemographic and school-context information. The results indicated a relationship between secure attachment and positive and negative affect (positive and negative relationship, respectively), and of the latter with anxious/ambivalent attachment (positive relationship). Secure attachment was also found to be positively associated with life satisfaction, and negatively with insecure attachment. Furthermore, affect and satisfaction were significantly related. Girls reported higher levels of avoidant attachment and negative affect while boys reported higher life satisfaction, but no differences were observed based on age (8-12 vs. 13- 18 years). Children and adolescents with “sufficient” (bare pass) school achievement (vs. good or very good) reported lower levels of positive affect, satisfaction with life and secure attachment (in the last two cases results were only a tendency). The results contribute to increasing knowledge on the relationship between attachment and well-being in children/adolescents, from their own perspective, and point to the relevance of these dimensions for school achievement, also indicating that well-being may have differential characteristics in boys and girls.
This study addresses children and adolescents’ self-perception of attachment and well-being (considering positive and negative affect and satisfaction with life). It aims to analyze the relationship between attachment and well-being, and between affect and life satisfaction, and to ascertain whether there are variations in the dimensions under study as a function of child/adolescent (gender and age) and school context (schooling and achievement) variables. The sample consisted of 84 participants, 58 (69%) were girls, aged between 8 and 17 years (M = 14.3 years; SD = 2.17). Three instruments were used: the Childhood and Adolescence Attachment Inventory, the Positive and Negative Affect Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents, the Student’s Life Satisfaction Scale, and also a questionnaire to collect sociodemographic and school-context information. The results indicated a relationship between secure attachment and positive and negative affect (positive and negative relationship, respectively), and of the latter with anxious/ambivalent attachment (positive relationship). Secure attachment was also found to be positively associated with life satisfaction, and negatively with insecure attachment. Furthermore, affect and satisfaction were significantly related. Girls reported higher levels of avoidant attachment and negative affect while boys reported higher life satisfaction, but no differences were observed based on age (8-12 vs. 13- 18 years). Children and adolescents with “sufficient” (bare pass) school achievement (vs. good or very good) reported lower levels of positive affect, satisfaction with life and secure attachment (in the last two cases results were only a tendency). The results contribute to increasing knowledge on the relationship between attachment and well-being in children/adolescents, from their own perspective, and point to the relevance of these dimensions for school achievement, also indicating that well-being may have differential characteristics in boys and girls.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado, Psicologia (Área de Especialização em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde - Psicologia Clínica Dinâmica), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2020
Palavras-chave
Vinculação Afectos Satisfação com a vida Crianças Adolescentes Teses de mestrado - 2020