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Abstract(s)
1. Introdução: Actualmente muitas formas farmacêuticas para adulto são usadas para obtenção de doses pediátricas. Por esse motivo têm sido debatidas estratégias relativas às formas farmacêuticas apropriadas à idade, dispositivos de administração, palatabilidade, excipientes e preparações extemporâneas, sendo estes os pontos abordados. 2. Método: Os artigos foram obtidos usando principalmente as expressões: Paediatric pharmaceutical formulations; Children pharmaceutical formulations; Children Medicines. 3. Desenvolvimento: Em pediatria, a selecção dos excipientes deve considerar a funcionalidade, segurança e tipo de forma farmacêutica. Conservantes, adoçantes, solventes e corantes possuem potencial toxicológico. No que respeita à forma farmacêutica, a sua selecção representa um grande desafio, tendo a OMS referido que as formas farmacêuticas orais flexíveis são recomendadas. Relativamente à boa palatabilidade das formas farmacêuticas orais, esta pode ser alcançada através do revestimento, modificações químicas e complexação. O spray-drying tem sido referido como alternativa viável para mascarar o sabor desagradável. Abordando os dispositivos de administração, as suas características são importantes, uma vez que a tensão superficial do medicamento e a visibilidade das escalas de medição afectam a medição de doses. Existem novos dispositivos que permitem administrar quantidades pré-definidas do medicamento. 4. Conclusão: A formulação de formas farmacêuticas pediátricas requer considerações relativas à via de administração, palatabiliade, tecnologia de formulação e excipientes. A percentagem destes últimos deve ser mínima, permitindo a obtenção de medicamentos estáveis e com uniformidade de dose. Formas farmacêuticas orais flexíveis e uma boa palatabilidade são desejáveis para a adesão, segurança e eficácia do tratamento.
1. Introduction: Healthcare workers are forced to use adult forms to achieve desired paediatric dose. Strategies to mitigate this problem have been debated, to discuss Paediatric Age-appropriate dosage forms, Administration Devices, Excipients, Palatability and Extemporaneous dosage forms. 2. Method: Papers have been retrieved using mainly these expressions: Paediatric pharmaceutical formulations; Children pharmaceutical formulations; Children Medicines. 3. Discussion: Paediatrics formulations excipients selection should consider their functionality, safety profile and type of dosage form. Excipients with toxicological potential include preservatives, sweeteners, solvents and coloring agents. The dosage form selection consists in a great challenge because of the patient population diversity. WHO identified flexible solid oral dosage forms as the recommended. Good palatability can be reached by coating, chemical derivatisation and complexation. Spray-drying is a coating technology well established and permits mask the unpleasant taste. The administration devices quality and security are affected by surface tension of the medicine and visibility of scales of the delivery device. So, new delivery devices have been developed allowing a drinking straw filled with a predefined amount of medicine. 4. Conclusion: Paediatric dosage form formulations include considerations like the route administration, palatability, formulation technology and chosen excipients. Excipients percentage should be the minimum that allows a stable and dose uniform medicine. Flexible solid oral dosage forms and good palatability are desired to treatment compliance, efficacy and safety, in children.
1. Introduction: Healthcare workers are forced to use adult forms to achieve desired paediatric dose. Strategies to mitigate this problem have been debated, to discuss Paediatric Age-appropriate dosage forms, Administration Devices, Excipients, Palatability and Extemporaneous dosage forms. 2. Method: Papers have been retrieved using mainly these expressions: Paediatric pharmaceutical formulations; Children pharmaceutical formulations; Children Medicines. 3. Discussion: Paediatrics formulations excipients selection should consider their functionality, safety profile and type of dosage form. Excipients with toxicological potential include preservatives, sweeteners, solvents and coloring agents. The dosage form selection consists in a great challenge because of the patient population diversity. WHO identified flexible solid oral dosage forms as the recommended. Good palatability can be reached by coating, chemical derivatisation and complexation. Spray-drying is a coating technology well established and permits mask the unpleasant taste. The administration devices quality and security are affected by surface tension of the medicine and visibility of scales of the delivery device. So, new delivery devices have been developed allowing a drinking straw filled with a predefined amount of medicine. 4. Conclusion: Paediatric dosage form formulations include considerations like the route administration, palatability, formulation technology and chosen excipients. Excipients percentage should be the minimum that allows a stable and dose uniform medicine. Flexible solid oral dosage forms and good palatability are desired to treatment compliance, efficacy and safety, in children.
Description
Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2013
Keywords
Pediatria Formulações Formas farmacêuticas Toxicologia dos Excipientes Comprimidos orodispersíveis Mascarar o sabor Mestrado Integrado - 2013