A carregar...
Publicação
Implantes vestibulares : uma nova abordagem terapêutica para a hipofunção vestibular bilateral
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.08 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O balanço, considerado um sexto sentido, está essencialmente à responsabilidade do aparelho vestibular e das suas múltiplas conexões, fazendo parte das suas variadas funções o controlo e estabilização postural, movimentos reflexos e perceção do movimento próprio. Assim, uma lesão deste sistema, a nível central ou periférico, poderá resultar numa assimetria das aferências nos centros vestibulares que, clinicamente, se poderá traduzir por sinais e sintomas como tonturas, vertigem, nistagmo, náuseas e vómitos.
Atualmente, em relação às lesões que condicionam perda funcional bilateral dos órgãos vestibulares, as opções terapêuticas existentes são muito limitadas, cingindo-se essencialmente a fisioterapia associada a promoção e ativação dos sistemas compensatórios centrais e adaptação comportamental. Sendo evidente o impacto significativo que estes défices provocam ao nível da qualidade de vida destes doentes, é relevante e necessário procurar diferentes opções de tratamento com vista na melhoria da perspetiva futura para estes doentes.
Como novas opções encontram-se a ser desenvolvidas próteses vestibulares, dispositivos que estimulam eletricamente o aparelho vestibular de forma a tentar restaurar a sua função. Apesar de se encontrarem ainda no início do seu desenvolvimento, o seu potencial e resultados em estudos preliminares em animais e humanos são promissores quanto a uma nova forma restituir parte da função vestibular e promover o bem-estar dos doentes com hipofunção bilateral.
The balance, considered a sixth sense, is essentially the responsibility of the vestibular apparatus and its multiple connections. Its functions include postural control and stabilization, reflex movements and perception of the movement itself. The balance, considered a sixth sense, is essentially the responsibility of the vestibular apparatus and its multiple connections, being part of its varied functions control and postural stabilization, reflex movements and perception of the movement itself. Thus, an injury to this system, at a central or peripheral level, may result in an asymmetry of the afferents in the vestibular centers, which, clinically, may be translated into signs and symptoms such as dizziness, vertigo, nystagmus, nausea and vomiting. Currently, in relation to the lesions that condition bilateral functional loss of the vestibular organs, the existing therapeutic options are very limited, essentially encompassing physiotherapy associated with the promotion and activation of central compensatory systems and behavioral adaptation. The significant impact of these deficits on the quality of life of these patients is evident, it is relevant and necessary to look at different treatment options with a view to improving the future prospects for these patients. As new options, vestibular prostheses are being developed, devices that electrically stimulate the vestibular apparatus to try to restore its function. Although they are still early in their development, their potential and results in preliminary animal and human studies are promising in a new way to restore part of the vestibular function and promote the well-being of patients with bilateral hypofunction.
The balance, considered a sixth sense, is essentially the responsibility of the vestibular apparatus and its multiple connections. Its functions include postural control and stabilization, reflex movements and perception of the movement itself. The balance, considered a sixth sense, is essentially the responsibility of the vestibular apparatus and its multiple connections, being part of its varied functions control and postural stabilization, reflex movements and perception of the movement itself. Thus, an injury to this system, at a central or peripheral level, may result in an asymmetry of the afferents in the vestibular centers, which, clinically, may be translated into signs and symptoms such as dizziness, vertigo, nystagmus, nausea and vomiting. Currently, in relation to the lesions that condition bilateral functional loss of the vestibular organs, the existing therapeutic options are very limited, essentially encompassing physiotherapy associated with the promotion and activation of central compensatory systems and behavioral adaptation. The significant impact of these deficits on the quality of life of these patients is evident, it is relevant and necessary to look at different treatment options with a view to improving the future prospects for these patients. As new options, vestibular prostheses are being developed, devices that electrically stimulate the vestibular apparatus to try to restore its function. Although they are still early in their development, their potential and results in preliminary animal and human studies are promising in a new way to restore part of the vestibular function and promote the well-being of patients with bilateral hypofunction.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2019
Palavras-chave
Implante vestibular Vestibulopatia bilateral Sistema vestibular Reabilitação vestibular Estimulação vestibular galvânica Otorrinolaringologia