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Abstract(s)
Por autotutela executiva da administração pública entende-se, usualmente, a execução pela
administração, sem decisão judicial prévia, da sua definição unilateral do direito para determinada
situação jurídica concreta (é o que tradicionalmente se designa por privilégio da execução prévia).
Partindo dessa noção preliminar, o nosso objectivo é contribuir para a análise do respectivo
fundamento, ou da sua compreensão como problema jurídico-político.
Sabendo-se que o Estado impõe decisões suas aos particulares, afectando a sua liberdade com
justificação, em geral, num critério de “necessidade”, pergunta-se: entre administração e tribunais,
quem deve deter preferencialmente – em termos de modelo – o poder de aplicar a força na efectivação
dessas mesmas imposições? E qual o quadro geral de vinculação para o legislador na conformação
desse mesmo modelo?
A Parte I é dedicada ao enquadramento histórico-dogmático da autotutela executiva como
manifestação do poder administrativo em Portugal, em duas diferentes dimensões: (i) a dimensão do
pensamento jusadministrativo em Portugal no século XX; e (ii) a dimensão histórico-constitucional,
desde o período pré-liberal até à actual Constituição de 1976.
A Parte II aborda a autotutela executiva enquanto figura jurídica “pendente” entre o político
e a realização administrativa do direito, subdividindo-se em dois grandes momentos: (i) num
primeiro, procede-se a uma análise estrutural e conceptual da autotutela executiva da administração,
qualificando-a no contexto alternativo coacção pública / violência; (ii) num segundo, à luz daquela
grande dicotomia da separação de poderes, procura-se a relação entre autotutela executiva e elemento
político, e a justificação para uma intervenção judicial prévia validante do uso da força pela
administração.
A Parte III e última diz respeito à autotutela executiva como problema constitucional,
enquadrando-a: (i) no contexto fundamental da liberdade / igualdade; (ii) no estatuto constitucional da
administração; (iii) e analisando o significado jurídico-político de alguns dos mecanismos mais
salientes de garantia dos direitos dos particulares.
The “autotutela executiva” of administrative bodies or agencies usually means the enforcement of their own unilateral decisions affecting the citizens’ rights without prior judicial validation in a court of law (traditionally, it is called “privilégio da execução prévia”). Taking that preliminary approach, we aim to contribute to the analysis of its justification or comprehension as a legal-political problem. Taking for a fact that the state imposes decisions on citizens, thus affecting their liberty on the basis of a general criterion of “necessity”, the question arises: between administrative bodies or agencies and the courts of law, who should be given preference – in terms of model – when it comes down to the actual use of force to make those decisions effective? Is legislative power free to establish that model of preference? Part I is dedicated to the historical-juridical framing of the “autotutela executiva” as a manifestation of the administrative power in Portugal, in two different dimensions: (i) the dimension of the legal thought in Portugal in terms of Administrative Law in the 20th century; and (ii) the historical-constitutional dimension, from the pre-liberal age to the present Constitution of 1976. Part II takes the “autotutela executiva” as a legal power “pending” between the political and the administrative fulfillment of the law, in two moments: (i) the first one is a structural and conceptual analysis of the “autotutela executiva”, characterizing it in the alternative context public coercion / violence. (ii) the second one, in the light of that great dichotomy of the separation of powers, searches for the relationship between the “autotutela executiva” and the political element, and the grounds for a prior judicial validation in a court of law. Part III regards the “autotutela executiva” as a constitutional problem, framing it: (i) in the fundamental context of liberty / equality; (ii) in the constitutional position of administrative bodies or agencies; (iii) and analyzing the legal-political meaning of some of the main mechanisms of the citizen’s legal protection.
The “autotutela executiva” of administrative bodies or agencies usually means the enforcement of their own unilateral decisions affecting the citizens’ rights without prior judicial validation in a court of law (traditionally, it is called “privilégio da execução prévia”). Taking that preliminary approach, we aim to contribute to the analysis of its justification or comprehension as a legal-political problem. Taking for a fact that the state imposes decisions on citizens, thus affecting their liberty on the basis of a general criterion of “necessity”, the question arises: between administrative bodies or agencies and the courts of law, who should be given preference – in terms of model – when it comes down to the actual use of force to make those decisions effective? Is legislative power free to establish that model of preference? Part I is dedicated to the historical-juridical framing of the “autotutela executiva” as a manifestation of the administrative power in Portugal, in two different dimensions: (i) the dimension of the legal thought in Portugal in terms of Administrative Law in the 20th century; and (ii) the historical-constitutional dimension, from the pre-liberal age to the present Constitution of 1976. Part II takes the “autotutela executiva” as a legal power “pending” between the political and the administrative fulfillment of the law, in two moments: (i) the first one is a structural and conceptual analysis of the “autotutela executiva”, characterizing it in the alternative context public coercion / violence. (ii) the second one, in the light of that great dichotomy of the separation of powers, searches for the relationship between the “autotutela executiva” and the political element, and the grounds for a prior judicial validation in a court of law. Part III regards the “autotutela executiva” as a constitutional problem, framing it: (i) in the fundamental context of liberty / equality; (ii) in the constitutional position of administrative bodies or agencies; (iii) and analyzing the legal-political meaning of some of the main mechanisms of the citizen’s legal protection.
Description
Tese de doutoramento, Ciências Jurídico-Políticas (Direito Administrativo), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Direito, 2011
Keywords
Direito administrativo Teses de doutoramento - 2011