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Abstract(s)
Tradicionalmente o crime era associado a problemas de desemprego, a desigualdades económicas e sociais, assim como a questões de distúrbios na personalidade. Porém, os ordenamentos jurídicos começaram a ganhar consciência de que indivíduos com estatuto socioeconómico elevado também praticavam crimes, chegando-se à noção de crime de colarinho branco, como um conceito geral capaz de abarcar as condutas ilícitas praticadas por indivíduos que em nada se pareciam assemelhar ao delinquente comum.
A Sociologia tem-se debruçado sobre a matéria de saber quem é o autor de colarinho branco, e de que modo se distingue do delinquente comum, embora alguns autores tendam a desistir de analisar estas diferenças por considerar que o autor de colarinho branco não se distingue do não delinquente.
A Economia, por sua vez, reconhecendo que a obtenção de lucro é a motivação transversal, ao ser humano, para delinquir, procura analisar como é que os agentes criminosos se comportam no mercado, desenvolvendo, assim, teorias capazes de nos explicar porque é que só alguns indivíduos entram na vida do crime.
Traditionally, crime was correlated with unemployment problems, social and economic inequalities, as well as personality disorders. However, legal systems began to be aware that people with high socioeconomic status could also commit crimes. Thus was born the concept of white collar crime, as a general concept to cover all illegal acts practiced by individuals who seemed not to be traditional delinquents. Sociology has been studying who are the white collar offenders and what can distinguish them from traditional delinquents, however some authors are giving up this analysis because they consider that a white collar criminal is no different from a non-criminal. Economics, admitting that profit is a transversal motivation to humans to commit crimes, prefers to understand how the offender behaves in the marketplace, by developing theories able to explain why only some enter the life of crime.
Traditionally, crime was correlated with unemployment problems, social and economic inequalities, as well as personality disorders. However, legal systems began to be aware that people with high socioeconomic status could also commit crimes. Thus was born the concept of white collar crime, as a general concept to cover all illegal acts practiced by individuals who seemed not to be traditional delinquents. Sociology has been studying who are the white collar offenders and what can distinguish them from traditional delinquents, however some authors are giving up this analysis because they consider that a white collar criminal is no different from a non-criminal. Economics, admitting that profit is a transversal motivation to humans to commit crimes, prefers to understand how the offender behaves in the marketplace, by developing theories able to explain why only some enter the life of crime.
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Keywords
Direito penal Crime de colarinho branco Economia Lucro Ilicitude Teses de mestrado - 2018