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The acquisition of gender agreement in L2 Portuguese by adult L1 Hungarian speakers
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This study investigates the knowledge of adult Hungarian L1 speakers of gender agreement in Portuguese L2. According to the Failed Functional Features Hypothesis and other theoretical accounts, difficulty with the acquisition of L2 grammatical gender by an L1 speaker of a language that does not exhibit gender features (Hungarian) is due to a critical period effect on one hand, and to the failure to reset options or set new parameters that are already fixed in the L1 on the other hand. Therefore, these accounts predict that adult Hungarian L1 speakers will not be accurate with L2 Portuguese gender agreement. Thirty-six L1 Hungarians with L2 Portuguese and thirty Portuguese L1 speakers were tested on their gender assignment accuracy with determiners and adjectives via an online cloze test. Based on the existing literature, we formulated six hypotheses to test in this study. We wanted to investigate whether the level of proficiency of the L2 Portuguese participants, the distance between the noun and the adjective, the default/non-default word markers and the left/right position of the target item (determiner/adjective) have an effect on gender assignment accuracy. The L2 Portuguese speakers were also divided into subgroups, based on whether they spoke another Romance language or not, and whether they spent more than 3 months living in an immersion context in a Portuguese-speaking country or not. These subgroups were investigated in terms of transfer from the other Romance L2 to the L3 (Portuguese) and the effects of naturalistic input received in an immersion context.
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Língua portuguesa - Estudo e ensino - Falantes do húngaro Língua portuguesa - Género (Linguística) Teses de mestrado - 2016