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Era chegado ho tempo: um contributo para o estudo da construção ser + particípio passado em português antigo
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O trabalho que aqui se expõe apresenta-se como um estudo descritivo e, em parte explicativo, da construção de tempo composto medieval ser + particípio passado inacusativo . Têm sido vários os estudos que se dedicam à emergência do tempo composto em Português, mas quase todos eles investigam a evolução de ter e haver na formação de tempo composto, excluindo muitas vezes a construção aqui analisada. Nesta dissertação trabalha-se em torno da hipótese de que os verbos locativos' serem verbos auxiliares em muitas línguas do mundo. A hipótese é suportada por vários estudos empíricos, dos quais se destacam Clark (1978) e Ribeiro (1996), autora que realizou um trabalho sobre a relação dos verbos locativos com a formação de tempo composto em Português Europeu. Por outro lado, a mudança que afectou a construção em estudo é entendida no quadro da teoria generativa. Lightfoot (1979, 1999, 2006) é uma figura central no quadro generativista sobre a mudança linguística, e os seus estudos têm-se desenvolvido em torno de duas concepções fundamentais: (i) a mudança sintáctica está intimamente associada com a aquisição da linguagem, e (ii) a mudança paramétrica, que decorre nessa fase da vida do falante, é o único mecanismo capaz de dar conta da mudança linguística. Este trabalho utiliza um corpus constituído por textos literários e não literários dos séculos XIII ao XVI, e, através da observação dos dados recolhidos pretende responder-se às seguintes questões: (i) até quando é que a perífrase Ser + PtP inacusativo se manteve na língua? (ii) terá sido a perda do traço Locativo que provocou a reanálise destas estruturas, ou houve outras causas para essa mudança na gramática?
The aim of this work is to present a descriptive study and, to some extent, an explicative study too, about the medieval perifrastic tense construction to be + Unaccusative Past Participle (Ser + Particípio Passado inacusativo). Many studies have investigated the evolution of the perifrastic tense in Portuguese, but the majority of those studies deal with the evolution of ter and haver in the formation of the perifrastic tense, and the construction here analysed is often left aside. This thesis follows two theoretical conceptions: on one hand, the hypothesis that the 'locative' verbs are auxiliar verbs in many languages in the world, an hypothesis sustained by several empirical studies, such as Clark (1978) and Ribeiro (1996) - Ribeiro has worked on the relation between the locative verbs and the development of the periphrastic tense for the European Portuguese. On the other hand, the change that affected this medieval construction is seen under the light of the Syntactic Theory. Lightfoot (1979, 1999, 2006) is an important author in the generative framework about linguistic change and his investigations have developed around two major notions: (i) that syntactic change is profoundly related with language acquisition, and (ii) that parametric change, that occurs in this period of life, is the only proper mechanism that can explain language change. For this work it was gathered a corpus of literary and non literary texts from the 13th century to the 16th century and through the observation of the data this work expects to answer to the subsequent questions: (i) up until when did the periphrastic tense ser + PtP live in the language; (ii) was the lost of the Locative feature that conducted to a reanalysis of these structures, or other causes also led to a change in the grammar?
The aim of this work is to present a descriptive study and, to some extent, an explicative study too, about the medieval perifrastic tense construction to be + Unaccusative Past Participle (Ser + Particípio Passado inacusativo). Many studies have investigated the evolution of the perifrastic tense in Portuguese, but the majority of those studies deal with the evolution of ter and haver in the formation of the perifrastic tense, and the construction here analysed is often left aside. This thesis follows two theoretical conceptions: on one hand, the hypothesis that the 'locative' verbs are auxiliar verbs in many languages in the world, an hypothesis sustained by several empirical studies, such as Clark (1978) and Ribeiro (1996) - Ribeiro has worked on the relation between the locative verbs and the development of the periphrastic tense for the European Portuguese. On the other hand, the change that affected this medieval construction is seen under the light of the Syntactic Theory. Lightfoot (1979, 1999, 2006) is an important author in the generative framework about linguistic change and his investigations have developed around two major notions: (i) that syntactic change is profoundly related with language acquisition, and (ii) that parametric change, that occurs in this period of life, is the only proper mechanism that can explain language change. For this work it was gathered a corpus of literary and non literary texts from the 13th century to the 16th century and through the observation of the data this work expects to answer to the subsequent questions: (i) up until when did the periphrastic tense ser + PtP live in the language; (ii) was the lost of the Locative feature that conducted to a reanalysis of these structures, or other causes also led to a change in the grammar?
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Linguística, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2010
Palavras-chave
Língua portuguesa - séc.13-16 Verbos auxiliares Mudanças linguísticas Linguística histórica Teses de mestrado - 2010