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Tumores mamários em cadela : um estudo retrospetivo
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Resumo(s)
Os tumores mamários são uma das neoplasias mais frequentes em cadelas. O aparecimento destes está dependente de vários fatores, nomeadamente, a idade, a raça, o estado reprodutivo, entre outros. A melhor ferramenta de prevenção é o diagnóstico precoce. A opção terapêutica mais utilizada é a cirúrgica, com recurso a mastectomia. O presente estudo retrospetivo, relativo ao período entre 1 de janeiro de 2020 e 1 de março de 2024, incluiu cadelas com diagnóstico de tumor mamário atendidas na Clínica Veterinária Militar de Canídeos. Os objetivos deste estudo consistiram em: 1) caracterizar o grupo de indivíduos incluído quanto à idade, estado reprodutivo e classificação histológica das neoplasias; 2) descrever a ocorrência de recidivas, presença de metástases e tempo de sobrevivência após cirurgia; 3) Relacionar o caráter de malignidade com o prognóstico; 5) Relacionar a técnica cirúrgica com o desfecho de cada animal; 6) Comparar os resultados obtidos com a bibliografia atual. A idade média de diagnóstico de tumores mamários neste grupo foi de 9,95 anos. Quatro cadelas tinham sido submetidas a OVH antes do diagnóstico de tumor mamário. Verificaram-se 14 cadelas com tumor mamário benigno e 9 cadelas com tumor mamário maligno. A idade média de diagnóstico de neoformações benignas e malignas foi de 9,64 e 10,44 anos, respetivamente. Das cadelas em estudo, 3 apresentaram metastização. O número de cadelas com recidivas também foi 3. Relativamente à sobrevivência após cirurgia, verificou-se que 6 cadelas foram eutanasiadas ou perderam a vida, estando apenas 2 das mortes relacionadas diretamente com a massa tumoral. Os tempos de sobrevivência, após cirurgia, destas cadelas variaram de 2 a 24 meses. Os resultados obtidos estão de acordo com o observado na literatura e reforçam a importância do tratamento cirúrgico no tratamento de tumores mamários
ABSTRACT - MAMMARY TUMORS IN FEMALE DOGS – A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY - Mammary tumors are one of the most frequent neoplasms in female dogs. Their occurrence is influenced by several factors, including age, breed, and reproductive status, among others. The best prevention tool is early diagnosis. The most commonly used therapeutic option is surgery, specifically mastectomy. This retrospective study, covering the period from January 1, 2020, to March 1, 2024, included female dogs diagnosed with mammary tumors treated at the Military Canine Veterinary Clinic. The objectives of this study were: 1) to characterize the group of individuals in terms of age, reproductive status, and histological classification of the neoplasms; 2) to describe the occurrence of recurrences, metastases, and survival time after surgery; 3) to relate the malignancy of the tumors to the prognosis; 5) to correlate the surgical technique with the outcome of each animal; and 6) to compare the obtained results with the current literature. The average age at diagnosis of mammary tumors in this group was 9.95 years. Four female dogs had undergone ovariohysterectomy (OVH) before the diagnosis of mammary tumors. Fourteen dogs were diagnosed with benign mammary tumors, and nine with malignant tumors. The average age of diagnosis for benign and malignant neoplasms was 9.64 and 10.44 years, respectively. Among the dogs studied, three showed metastasis. The number of dogs with recurrences was also three. Regarding survival after surgery, six dogs were euthanized or died, with only two deaths directly related to the tumor mass. The survival times after surgery for these dogs ranged from 2 to 24 months. The results are consistent with those reported in the literature and reinforce the importance of surgical treatment in managing mammary tumors
ABSTRACT - MAMMARY TUMORS IN FEMALE DOGS – A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY - Mammary tumors are one of the most frequent neoplasms in female dogs. Their occurrence is influenced by several factors, including age, breed, and reproductive status, among others. The best prevention tool is early diagnosis. The most commonly used therapeutic option is surgery, specifically mastectomy. This retrospective study, covering the period from January 1, 2020, to March 1, 2024, included female dogs diagnosed with mammary tumors treated at the Military Canine Veterinary Clinic. The objectives of this study were: 1) to characterize the group of individuals in terms of age, reproductive status, and histological classification of the neoplasms; 2) to describe the occurrence of recurrences, metastases, and survival time after surgery; 3) to relate the malignancy of the tumors to the prognosis; 5) to correlate the surgical technique with the outcome of each animal; and 6) to compare the obtained results with the current literature. The average age at diagnosis of mammary tumors in this group was 9.95 years. Four female dogs had undergone ovariohysterectomy (OVH) before the diagnosis of mammary tumors. Fourteen dogs were diagnosed with benign mammary tumors, and nine with malignant tumors. The average age of diagnosis for benign and malignant neoplasms was 9.64 and 10.44 years, respectively. Among the dogs studied, three showed metastasis. The number of dogs with recurrences was also three. Regarding survival after surgery, six dogs were euthanized or died, with only two deaths directly related to the tumor mass. The survival times after surgery for these dogs ranged from 2 to 24 months. The results are consistent with those reported in the literature and reinforce the importance of surgical treatment in managing mammary tumors
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária, área científica de Clínica
Palavras-chave
Tumores mamários em cadela OVH Mastectomia Canine mammary tummors Ovariohysterectomy Mastectomy
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Fortes REF. 2024.Tumores mamários em cadela : um estudo retrospetivo [dissertação de mestrado]. Lisboa: FMV-Universidade de Lisboa
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária