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Authors
Abstract(s)
A triadite felina é uma afeção grave, específica de gatos, que se caracteriza pela
presença concomitante de três doenças: colangite, pancreatite e doença inflamatória intestinal
(IBD). Apesar da sua etiologia não se encontrar totalmente esclarecida, parece haver o
envolvimento de uma resposta inflamatória ou auto-imune em relação a bactérias entéricas,
podendo ter como doença primária a pancreatite ou a IBD.
A cobalamina é sintetizada exclusivamente por microrganismos, sendo que a única
fonte na dieta são os alimentos de origem animal. A maioria dos alimentos comerciais para
gatos é enriquecida com cobalamina. A hipocobalaminemia pode ajudar a diagnosticar e
localizar doenças gastrointestinais tanto no intestino delgado, como no pâncreas, ambos
órgãos afetados pela triadite felina. Em contrapartida, a hipercobalaminemia é,
frequentemente, atribuída a um aumento na dieta ou a uma suplementação anterior e,
consequentemente, é ignorada. No entanto, na ausência de suplementação, a
hipercobalaminemia reflete alterações no metabolismo. Os poucos autores que já publicaram
sobre o tema, em espécies de interesse veterinário, concordam que há uma prevalência
relativamente elevada de hipercobalaminemia, particularmente em gatos, e sugerem que esta
está associada a doenças hepáticas ou processos tumorais.
O objetivo desta dissertação é a descrição e avaliação das variações plasmáticas de
cobalamina em gatos com quadro clínico compatível com triadite felina identificados no CHV Frégis, entre janeiro de 2020 e janeiro de 2021. Todos os 50 gatos em estudo realizaram
testes de dosagem de cobalamina pelo laboratório VEBIO e foram classificados consoante o
seu estado vitamínico.
Este estudo retrospetivo mostrou que a hipercobalaminemia era mais frequente nos
gatos diagnosticados com triadite felina. Não foi observada uma associação significativa entre
sexo (p=0,404), estado reprodutivo (p=0,569), idade (p=0,511), raça (p=0,463), alimentação
(p=0,214) e pontuação de condição corporal (p=0,431) dos gatos em estudo e o estado
vitamínico. Em contrapartida, foi observada uma associação significativa entre o peso
(p=0,013) e o estado vitamínico. Por outro lado, neste estudo, também, não foi observada
associação significativa entre a duração dos estímulos iatrotrópicos (p=0,543) e o estado
vitamínico. Os sintomas e sinais clínicos apresentados por todos os animais,
independentemente do seu estado vitamínico, são inespecíficos.
ABSTRACT - Feline triaditis is a severe condition, specific to cats, which is characterised by the concomitant presence of three diseases: cholangitis, pancreatitis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although its aetiology is not fully understood, an inflammatory or autoimmune response to enteric bacteria appears to be involved, and it may have pancreatitis or IBD as its primary disease. Cobalamin is synthesised exclusively by micro-organisms, the only source in the diet is from animal origin. Most commercial cat foods are enriched with cobalamin. Hypocobalaminemia can help diagnose and localize gastrointestinal diseases in both the small intestine and pancreas, both organs affected by feline triaditis. In contrast, hypercobalaminemia is often attributed to an increase in diet or previous supplementation and is consequently ignored. However, in the absence of supplementation, hypercobalaminemia reflects changes in metabolism. The few authors who have published on the subject, in species of veterinary interest, agree that there is a relatively high prevalence of hypercobalaminemia, particularly in cats, and suggest that it is associated with liver diseases or tumour processes. The aim of this dissertation is the description and evaluation of plasma cobalamin variations in cats with a clinical picture compatible with feline triaditis identified at the CHV Frégis, between January 2020 and January 2021. All 50 cats under study had cobalamin dosage tests performed by the VEBIO laboratory and were classified according to their vitamin status. This study retrospective showed that hypercobalaminemia was more frequent in cats diagnosed with feline triaditis. No significant association was observed between sex (p=0.404), reproductive status (p=0.569), age (p=0.511), breed (p=0.463), diet (p=0.214) and body condition score (p=0.431) of the cats under study and vitamin status. In contrast, a significant association was observed between weight (p=0.013) and vitamin status. On the other hand, in this study, also, no significant association was observed between the duration of iatrothropic stimuli (p=0.543) and vitamin status. The clinical symptoms and signs presented by all animals, regardless of their vitamin status, are non-specific.
ABSTRACT - Feline triaditis is a severe condition, specific to cats, which is characterised by the concomitant presence of three diseases: cholangitis, pancreatitis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although its aetiology is not fully understood, an inflammatory or autoimmune response to enteric bacteria appears to be involved, and it may have pancreatitis or IBD as its primary disease. Cobalamin is synthesised exclusively by micro-organisms, the only source in the diet is from animal origin. Most commercial cat foods are enriched with cobalamin. Hypocobalaminemia can help diagnose and localize gastrointestinal diseases in both the small intestine and pancreas, both organs affected by feline triaditis. In contrast, hypercobalaminemia is often attributed to an increase in diet or previous supplementation and is consequently ignored. However, in the absence of supplementation, hypercobalaminemia reflects changes in metabolism. The few authors who have published on the subject, in species of veterinary interest, agree that there is a relatively high prevalence of hypercobalaminemia, particularly in cats, and suggest that it is associated with liver diseases or tumour processes. The aim of this dissertation is the description and evaluation of plasma cobalamin variations in cats with a clinical picture compatible with feline triaditis identified at the CHV Frégis, between January 2020 and January 2021. All 50 cats under study had cobalamin dosage tests performed by the VEBIO laboratory and were classified according to their vitamin status. This study retrospective showed that hypercobalaminemia was more frequent in cats diagnosed with feline triaditis. No significant association was observed between sex (p=0.404), reproductive status (p=0.569), age (p=0.511), breed (p=0.463), diet (p=0.214) and body condition score (p=0.431) of the cats under study and vitamin status. In contrast, a significant association was observed between weight (p=0.013) and vitamin status. On the other hand, in this study, also, no significant association was observed between the duration of iatrothropic stimuli (p=0.543) and vitamin status. The clinical symptoms and signs presented by all animals, regardless of their vitamin status, are non-specific.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Keywords
Triadite Felina Colangite Pancreatite Doença Inflamatória Intestinal (IBD) Cobalamina Triaditis Cholangitis Pancreatitis Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Cobalamin
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Soares AMS. 2021. Avaliação da concentração de vitamina B12 em gatos com suspeita clínica de triadite [dissertação de mestrado]. Lisboa: FMV-Universidade de Lisboa.
Publisher
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária