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Rastreio parasitológico em mamíferos exóticos atendidos no Hospital Escolar Veterinário da FMV-ULisboa
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Resumo(s)
RESUMO - A existência de animais exóticos enquanto animais de estimação é uma realidade cada vez maior, nomeadamente em Portugal (Ferreira 2017). Os pequenos mamíferos exóticos são exemplo disso, pois apresentam inúmeras características que os tornam excelentes animais de companhia. Assim, torna-se fundamental a aquisição de mais conhecimentos sobre estas espécies, nomeadamente na área da parasitologia, uma vez que estas podem ser portadoras de parasitas com potencial zoonótico, representando um risco para a saúde publica.
O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um rastreio parasitológico nos mamíferos exóticos observados no Hospital Escolar Veterinário da FMV-ULisboa e, desta forma, estimar a prevalência dos mesmos nestes animais. Foram colhidas amostras de 74 animais, nomeadamente coelhos, porquinhos-da-índia, furões, ratazanas, chinchilas e um hamster. Realizou-se a colheita de amostras de pelo, de pele para a pesquisa de ectoparasitas, e de fezes para a pesquisa de parasitas gastrointestinais e pulmonares. Foi, ainda, realizada a necropsia aos animais que faleceram durante o período em que o estudo decorreu. As preparações foram observadas ao microscópio ótico e, posteriormente, realizou-se a análise estatística dos resultados.
Relativamente aos ectoparasitas, nos coelhos (n=37) observaram-se Cheyletiella parasitovorax (10,81%), Leporacarus gibbus (8,11%) e Psoroptes cuniculi (2,70%). Nos porquinhos-da-índia (n=19) detetaram-se Chirodiscoides caviae (15,79%) e Gliricola porcelli (5,26%). Nos furões (n=8) e nas ratazanas (n=6) observaram-se Otodectes cynotis (12,5%) e Polyplax spinulosa (16,67%), respetivamente. No único hamster amostrado detetou-se Ornithonyssus bacoti (100%). Nas chinchilas (n=3) não se observaram ectoparasitas. Quanto à presença de parasitas gastrointestinais, apenas foi detetado Passalurus ambiguus (2,70%) nos coelhos (n=37). Não foram encontrados parasitas pulmonares em nenhum animal. No que diz respeito à prevenção verificou-se que 51,35% dos animais não recebiam desparasitação externa e que 64,86% recebiam desparasitação interna.
Concluiu-se que a espécie mais parasitada foi o coelho. A maioria dos ectoparasitas encontrada nesta espécie (C. parasitovorax e L. gibbus) bem como o ácaro encontrado no hamster (O. bacoti), apresentam potencial zoonótico, o que realça a importância da adoção de cuidados na manipulação destes animais e do cumprimento da desparasitação.
ABSTRACT - Screening for parasites in Exotic Mammals attended at the Veterinary School Hospital of FMV-ULisbon - The existence of exotic animals as pets is an increasing reality, namely in Portugal (Ferreira 2017). Small exotic mammals are an example of this, as they have numerous characteristics that make them excellent companion animals. Thus, it is essential to acquire more knowledge about these species, namely in the area of parasitology, since they may be carriers of parasites with zoonotic potential, representing a risk to public health. The aim of this study was to perform a screening for parasites in exotic mammals observed at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the FMV-ULisbon and, thus, to estimate their prevalence in these animals. Samples were taken from 74 animals, namely rabbits, guinea pigs, ferrets, rats, chinchillas and a hamster. Samples of fur, skin for ectoparasites, and feces for gastrointestinal and pulmonary parasites were collected. Necropsy was also performed on animals that died during the period in which the study ran. The preparations were observed under an optical microscope and, subsequently, a statistical analysis of the results was performed. Regarding ectoparasites, in rabbits (n = 37) Cheyletiella parasitovorax (10.81%), Leporacarus gibbus (8.11%) and Psoroptes cuniculi (2.70%) were observed. In guinea pigs (n = 19), Chirodiscoides caviae (15.79%) and Gliricola porcelli (5.26%) were detected. In ferrets (n = 8) and rats (n = 6), Otodectes cynotis (12.5%) and Polyplax spinulosa (16.67%) were observed, respectively. In the only hamster sampled, Ornithonyssus bacoti (100%) was detected. In chinchillas (n = 3) ectoparasites were not observed. As for the presence of gastrointestinal parasites, only Passalurus ambiguus (2.70%) was detected in rabbits (n = 37). No pulmonary parasites were found in any animal. With regard to prevention, 51.35% of the animals did not receive external deworming and 64.86% received internal deworming. In conclusion, the most parasitized specie was the rabbit. The majority of ectoparasites found in this species (C. parasitovorax and L. gibbus), as well as the mite found in the hamster (O. bacoti), have zoonotic potential, which highlights the importance of adopting care in handling these animals as well as a correct deworming.
ABSTRACT - Screening for parasites in Exotic Mammals attended at the Veterinary School Hospital of FMV-ULisbon - The existence of exotic animals as pets is an increasing reality, namely in Portugal (Ferreira 2017). Small exotic mammals are an example of this, as they have numerous characteristics that make them excellent companion animals. Thus, it is essential to acquire more knowledge about these species, namely in the area of parasitology, since they may be carriers of parasites with zoonotic potential, representing a risk to public health. The aim of this study was to perform a screening for parasites in exotic mammals observed at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the FMV-ULisbon and, thus, to estimate their prevalence in these animals. Samples were taken from 74 animals, namely rabbits, guinea pigs, ferrets, rats, chinchillas and a hamster. Samples of fur, skin for ectoparasites, and feces for gastrointestinal and pulmonary parasites were collected. Necropsy was also performed on animals that died during the period in which the study ran. The preparations were observed under an optical microscope and, subsequently, a statistical analysis of the results was performed. Regarding ectoparasites, in rabbits (n = 37) Cheyletiella parasitovorax (10.81%), Leporacarus gibbus (8.11%) and Psoroptes cuniculi (2.70%) were observed. In guinea pigs (n = 19), Chirodiscoides caviae (15.79%) and Gliricola porcelli (5.26%) were detected. In ferrets (n = 8) and rats (n = 6), Otodectes cynotis (12.5%) and Polyplax spinulosa (16.67%) were observed, respectively. In the only hamster sampled, Ornithonyssus bacoti (100%) was detected. In chinchillas (n = 3) ectoparasites were not observed. As for the presence of gastrointestinal parasites, only Passalurus ambiguus (2.70%) was detected in rabbits (n = 37). No pulmonary parasites were found in any animal. With regard to prevention, 51.35% of the animals did not receive external deworming and 64.86% received internal deworming. In conclusion, the most parasitized specie was the rabbit. The majority of ectoparasites found in this species (C. parasitovorax and L. gibbus), as well as the mite found in the hamster (O. bacoti), have zoonotic potential, which highlights the importance of adopting care in handling these animals as well as a correct deworming.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Mamíferos exóticos Ectoparasitas Parasitas Gastrointestinais Prevalência Lisboa Exotic mammals Ectoparasites Gastrointestinal parasites Prevalence Lisbon
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Gomes AG 2021. Rastreio parasitológico em mamíferos exóticos atendidos no Hospital Escolar Veterinário da FMV-ULisboa [dissertação de mestrado]. Lisboa: FMV-Universidade de Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária