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Atualmente, deparamo-nos com um envelhecimento pronunciado da população, tornando-se fundamental desenvolver os conhecimentos ao nível da funcionalidade nestas faixas etárias de forma a promover uma boa e digna qualidade de vida.
A bioimpedância eléctrica é uma avaliação prática e realizada muitas vezes em contexto clínico. Esta avaliação fornece parâmetros crus, nomeadamente a resistência e reatância que permitem o cálculo de valores como a impedância e o ângulo de fase. Este último reflete a integridade das membranas celulares, sendo que células com melhor integridade membranar promovem maior ângulo de fase. Este parâmetro tem sido interpretado como um indicador de distribuição de fluídos intra e extracelulares, do estado nutricional, de desnutrição, bem como da saúde e função física geral.
Esta investigação pretende caracterizar a aptidão física dos idosos portugueses e relacioná-la com o ângulo de fase medido através de bioimpedância espectral, verificando se o ângulo de fase é um indicador da capacidade funcional dos idosos.
Neste estudo observacional transversal, 113 idosos saudáveis (67 do sexo feminino e 46 do masculino) realizaram testes físicos da Bateria de Fullerton – Senior Fitness Test, para avaliação da sua aptidão física, e medições de bioimpedância espectral e densitometria radiológica de dupla energia, para avaliação da composição corporal.
Esta amostra apresenta ângulo de fase médio de 5,5º ± 0,7º, inferior ao observado por outros investigadores em populações com características semelhantes. Sendo, o ângulo de fase do sexo masculino superior ao do feminino. Os resultados dos testes físicos revelam que a amostra não apresenta risco de dependência física mais tarde na vida. O ângulo de fase revelou associação significativa com os testes de força e com o teste de agilidade. Esta associação é proporcional, ou seja quanto melhor o rendimento apresentados nestes testes, maior o ângulo de fase.
O ângulo de fase é um indicador do estado físico em idosos saudáveis, independentemente da idade e da massa muscular. É, assim, uma ferramenta importante na monitorização da condição física e funcional dos idosos durante o processo de envelhecimento.
Currently, aging is very pronounced in the population, making it to develop the knowledge of the functionality in these age groups, to promote a good and decent quality of life. The bioelectrical impedance analysis is a practical evaluation and it is often performed in clinical settings. Bioelectrical impedance analysis provides raw parameters, such as resistance and reactance to enable it to calculate values such as impedance and phase angle. Phase angle reflects the integrity of cell membranes. Cells with better membrane integrity promote a greater phase angle. This parameter has been interpreted as an indicator of intracellular and extracellular fluids distribution, nutritional status, malnutrition, and health and overall physical function. The aims of this research are to characterize the physical fitness of Portuguese elderly and relate it to the phase angle measured by bioimpedance spectroscopy making sure that the phase angle is an indicator of functional fitness of the elderly. In this cross-sectional observational study, 113 healthy elderly subjects (67 female and 46 male) performed physical tests of Fullerton Battery – Senior Fitness Test, to assess their physical fitness, and they underwent bioimpedance spectroscopy and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry measurements to assess body composition. This sample has an average phase angle of 5.5º±0.7º. This value is lower than that observed by other researchers in similar populations. The male phase angle is greater than the female phase angle. The results of physical tests reveal risk of physical dependence later in life. The phase angle showed a significant association with the strength tests, and the agility test. This association is proportional, in other words, better performances in these tests mean greater phase angle. The phase angle is an indicator of the physical condition of healthy elderly people, regardless of age and muscle mass. Therefore, it is an important parameter in monitoring the physical and functional condition of the elderly during aging.
Currently, aging is very pronounced in the population, making it to develop the knowledge of the functionality in these age groups, to promote a good and decent quality of life. The bioelectrical impedance analysis is a practical evaluation and it is often performed in clinical settings. Bioelectrical impedance analysis provides raw parameters, such as resistance and reactance to enable it to calculate values such as impedance and phase angle. Phase angle reflects the integrity of cell membranes. Cells with better membrane integrity promote a greater phase angle. This parameter has been interpreted as an indicator of intracellular and extracellular fluids distribution, nutritional status, malnutrition, and health and overall physical function. The aims of this research are to characterize the physical fitness of Portuguese elderly and relate it to the phase angle measured by bioimpedance spectroscopy making sure that the phase angle is an indicator of functional fitness of the elderly. In this cross-sectional observational study, 113 healthy elderly subjects (67 female and 46 male) performed physical tests of Fullerton Battery – Senior Fitness Test, to assess their physical fitness, and they underwent bioimpedance spectroscopy and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry measurements to assess body composition. This sample has an average phase angle of 5.5º±0.7º. This value is lower than that observed by other researchers in similar populations. The male phase angle is greater than the female phase angle. The results of physical tests reveal risk of physical dependence later in life. The phase angle showed a significant association with the strength tests, and the agility test. This association is proportional, in other words, better performances in these tests mean greater phase angle. The phase angle is an indicator of the physical condition of healthy elderly people, regardless of age and muscle mass. Therefore, it is an important parameter in monitoring the physical and functional condition of the elderly during aging.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Composição corporal BIS Ângulo de fase Idosos Capacidade funcional Testes de aptidão física Body composition Phase angle Elderly Functional fitness Physical fitness tests
