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Abstract(s)
A constante evolução dos sistemas de cultivo alimentar em solo e em hidroponia
têm possibilitado um decréscimo de consumo de recursos naturais que fazem
diferença do ponto de vista de um futuro mais sustentável. O cultivo hidropónico
tem ganho cada vez mais destaque entre os produtores, sendo uma importante
alternativa para a produção de vegetais, oferecendo vantagens para o produtor e
para o meio ambiente.
Sendo algumas dessas vantagens, um produto que não se estraga tão rápido
quanto as outras hortícolas, têm um menor consumo de água na sua produção,
redução na mão de obra, um produto mais limpo, mais saboroso, mais aromático
e com melhor qualidade.
Neste trabalho final de mestrado procurou-se desenvolver um sistema
hidropónico passivo. Um sistema hidropónico considera-se passivo quando a
água permanece em repouso dentro do próprio sistema ao contrário da
hidroponia ativa em que a água circula pelo sistema em intervalos de tempo
pré-definido, ou seja, a principal diferença dos dois tipos de sistemas é que na
hidroponia ativa a água tem um período ativo e outro em repouso enquanto que
na hidroponia passiva a água está apenas em repouso. Em ambos os sistemas
existe uma solução nutritiva que é colocada na água.
As questões, primária e secundária, abordadas neste trabalho final de mestrado,
são: “De que maneira se pode, através do Design de Produto, facilitar a
implementação de uma tecnologia de cultivo agrícola, nomeadamente de
sistemas de hidroponia passiva, em meio urbano?” e “De que modo, através de
uma abordagem centrada no utilizador, é possível desenvolver um sistema de
hidroponia sustentável, acessível e adaptado ao utilizador comum, sem
experiência em práticas de agricultura?”
Assim sendo, foi desenvolvida uma torre modular vertical, estudando a
montagem da estrutura dos módulos, pensando numa lógica relacional de
objetos funcionais, sendo uma opção que melhor se adapta à possibilidade do
cultivo no meio urbano.
Tratando-se de um sistema modular é possível que seja transportado de um
espaço para o outro, a adaptabilidade também foi importante porque os módulos
desenvolvidos complementam-se entre si, sendo mais fácil manter a constante
produção, reparação, substituição e customização. A limpeza foi tida em conta ao
dimensionar o sistema, pois dimensões maiores dificultam a mesma.
Fazendo uma análise nas áreas cuja caracterização para a unidade de produção
se consideram prioritárias, estabeleceu-se uma comparação alargada de
desempenho entre a unidade de produção construída, e outros métodos de
produção agrícola mais ou menos convencionais.
A natureza da dissertação é teórica e prática, sendo dividida em três etapas:
exploratória, generativa e avaliativa.
A etapa exploratória resume se à revisão da literatura para análise de vários
artigos, teses, livros e grupos sobre o tema e áreas de pesquisa e participação
num workshop de “Introdução à hidroponia, como cultivar sem solo”.
Na etapa generativa foi feita investigação ativa através do desenvolvimento de
um processo de design de produto gerando conceitos, tendo em conta as
premissas de projeto identificadas e sistematizadas na fase anterior, a
maquetização e prototipagem de experiência.
Ainda nesta fase foram realizados Testes de usabilidade e necessidade, na qual
foram avaliados cenários de uso com um grupo de amostra de utilizadores com e
sem experiência em hidroponia, para analisar quais os pontos a melhorar no
sistema modular.
Na etapa Avaliativa foram concretizadas melhorias no Protótipo para assim
conseguir chegar a um resultado positivo.
The constant evolution of the cultivation systems on soil and on hydroponics has enabled a decrease in the consumption of the natural resources which make a difference from a more sustainable future point of view. Hydroponics has been rising in prominence between producers, being an important alternative for the production of vegetables, offering advantages to the producer and the environment. Some of those advantages being, a product that doesn’t expire as fast as the other vegetables, reduced water consumption to produce it, reduced labour, a product more clean, tastier, more aromatic and with better quality. This investigation sought to develop a passive hydroponic system, a hydroponic system is considered passive whenever the water is still within the system itself unlike active hydroponics in which the water circulates within the system in predetermined intervals of time, this is, the main difference between the two types of systems is that in active hydroponics the water has an active period and a still period whereas in passive hydroponics the water is simply resting. In both systems a nutritional solution which is mixed with the water is present. The questions, primary and secondary, addressed in this investigation are: “How can, through Product Design, the implementation of an agricultural cultivation technology, namely passive hydroponic systems, be facilitated in urban environments?” and “In what way, in a user centric approach, is it possible to develop a sustainable hydroponics system, accessible and adapted to the common user, with no experience in agricultural practices?” Therefore, a vertical modular tower will be developed, studying in detail whether the assembly of the module structure, which was thought in a relational logic of functional objects, is the option that best adapts to the possibility of cultivation in urban environments. Being a modular system it can be transported from one space to another, the adaptability was also important because the developed modules complement each other, making it easier to keep the constant production, repairs, substitution and customization. Cleaning was taken into account when sizing the system, as bigger dimensions would make it harder to clean. By making an analysis on the areas whose characterization for the unit of production are considered a priority, a broad performance comparison was established between the built unit of production, and other more or less conventional methods of agricultural production. The nature of the dissertation is theoretical and practical, having been divided in three steps: exploratory, generative and Evaluative. The Exploratory step summarises itself to the revision of literature for the analysis of several articles, theses, books and groups about the topic, research areas and participation in a workshop “Introdução à hidroponia, como cultivar sem solo”. In the Generative step an active investigation was made through the development of a product design process which generated concepts, taking into account the project premises identified and systematised in the previous step, the mockup and experience prototype. Usability and necessity tests were held during this step, in which several use cases were evaluated with a pool of users with and without experience in hydroponics, to analyse points of improvement in the modular system. Improvements to the prototype were realised in the Evaluative step to reach a positive result.
The constant evolution of the cultivation systems on soil and on hydroponics has enabled a decrease in the consumption of the natural resources which make a difference from a more sustainable future point of view. Hydroponics has been rising in prominence between producers, being an important alternative for the production of vegetables, offering advantages to the producer and the environment. Some of those advantages being, a product that doesn’t expire as fast as the other vegetables, reduced water consumption to produce it, reduced labour, a product more clean, tastier, more aromatic and with better quality. This investigation sought to develop a passive hydroponic system, a hydroponic system is considered passive whenever the water is still within the system itself unlike active hydroponics in which the water circulates within the system in predetermined intervals of time, this is, the main difference between the two types of systems is that in active hydroponics the water has an active period and a still period whereas in passive hydroponics the water is simply resting. In both systems a nutritional solution which is mixed with the water is present. The questions, primary and secondary, addressed in this investigation are: “How can, through Product Design, the implementation of an agricultural cultivation technology, namely passive hydroponic systems, be facilitated in urban environments?” and “In what way, in a user centric approach, is it possible to develop a sustainable hydroponics system, accessible and adapted to the common user, with no experience in agricultural practices?” Therefore, a vertical modular tower will be developed, studying in detail whether the assembly of the module structure, which was thought in a relational logic of functional objects, is the option that best adapts to the possibility of cultivation in urban environments. Being a modular system it can be transported from one space to another, the adaptability was also important because the developed modules complement each other, making it easier to keep the constant production, repairs, substitution and customization. Cleaning was taken into account when sizing the system, as bigger dimensions would make it harder to clean. By making an analysis on the areas whose characterization for the unit of production are considered a priority, a broad performance comparison was established between the built unit of production, and other more or less conventional methods of agricultural production. The nature of the dissertation is theoretical and practical, having been divided in three steps: exploratory, generative and Evaluative. The Exploratory step summarises itself to the revision of literature for the analysis of several articles, theses, books and groups about the topic, research areas and participation in a workshop “Introdução à hidroponia, como cultivar sem solo”. In the Generative step an active investigation was made through the development of a product design process which generated concepts, taking into account the project premises identified and systematised in the previous step, the mockup and experience prototype. Usability and necessity tests were held during this step, in which several use cases were evaluated with a pool of users with and without experience in hydroponics, to analyse points of improvement in the modular system. Improvements to the prototype were realised in the Evaluative step to reach a positive result.
Description
Keywords
design de produto sustentabilidade DIY (faça você mesmo) produção alimentar hidroponia passiva product design sustentability DIY (do it yourself) organic production passive hidroponics
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Publisher
Faculdade Arquitetura, Universidade Lisboa