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A consolidação das plataformas digitais como principais espaços de circulação de informações e deliberação pública tem provocado profundas transformações no Direito Constitucional contemporâneo. O presente trabalho investiga os impactos dessas mudanças na teoria da eficácia horizontal dos direitos fundamentais, especialmente no que se refere ao poder normativo exercido por corporações privadas na moderação de conteúdos e restrições de acesso à comunicação online. A partir de uma análise crítica da doutrina clássica e dos desafios impostos pelas arquiteturas técnicas e econômicas das plataformas, o estudo propõe uma reconstrução conceitual dos direitos fundamentais voltada à realidade digital. Para isso, mobiliza-se o pensamento de autores como Gunther Teubner, Jack Balkin e Evelyn Douek, buscando compreender como os direitos fundamentais podem operar como contrapesos efetivos às dinâmicas estruturais da internet. O trabalho aborda ainda os limites do modelo atual de autorregulacão, discute a legitimidade de instâncias como o Meta Oversight Board e analisa casos paradigmáticos de banimento de usuários, com destaque para o caso Trump v. Twitter. Com base em uma abordagem teórico-comparada, conclui-se que a proteção dos direitos fundamentais no ambiente digital exige um redimensionamento das categorias constitucionais clássicas e o reconhecimento da função pública exercida por plataformas privadas na estruturação da esfera pública contemporânea. A proposta é afirmar a centralidade da dignidade humana e da liberdade de expressão como fundamentos da regulação digital, com vistas à construção de um constitucionalismo capaz de enfrentar os desafios do ciberespaço.
The consolidation of digital platforms as the main spaces for the circulation of information and public deliberation has brought about profound transformations in contemporary Constitutional Law. This study investigates the impacts of these changes on the theory of the horizontal effect of fundamental rights, particularly regarding the normative power exercised by private corporations in moderating content and restricting access to online communication. Through a critical analysis of classical legal doctrine and the challenges imposed by the technical and economic architectures of digital platforms, the research proposes a conceptual reconstruction of fundamental rights tailored to the digital reality. To this end, it draws on the thought of authors such as Gunther Teubner, Jack Balkin and Evelyn Douek, seeking to understand how fundamental rights can function as effective counterweights to the structural dynamics of the internet. The work also explores the limits of the current self-regulation model, discusses the legitimacy of mechanisms such as the Meta Oversight Board, and analyzes paradigmatic cases of user bans, with particular emphasis on the Trump v. Twitter case. Based on a theoretical-comparative approach, the study concludes that the protection of fundamental rights in the digital environment requires a reconTiguration of classical constitutional categories and the recognition of the public function exercised by private platforms in shaping the contemporary public sphere. The aim is to reafTirm the centrality of human dignity and freedom of expression as guiding principles for the democratic regulation of digital technologies.
The consolidation of digital platforms as the main spaces for the circulation of information and public deliberation has brought about profound transformations in contemporary Constitutional Law. This study investigates the impacts of these changes on the theory of the horizontal effect of fundamental rights, particularly regarding the normative power exercised by private corporations in moderating content and restricting access to online communication. Through a critical analysis of classical legal doctrine and the challenges imposed by the technical and economic architectures of digital platforms, the research proposes a conceptual reconstruction of fundamental rights tailored to the digital reality. To this end, it draws on the thought of authors such as Gunther Teubner, Jack Balkin and Evelyn Douek, seeking to understand how fundamental rights can function as effective counterweights to the structural dynamics of the internet. The work also explores the limits of the current self-regulation model, discusses the legitimacy of mechanisms such as the Meta Oversight Board, and analyzes paradigmatic cases of user bans, with particular emphasis on the Trump v. Twitter case. Based on a theoretical-comparative approach, the study concludes that the protection of fundamental rights in the digital environment requires a reconTiguration of classical constitutional categories and the recognition of the public function exercised by private platforms in shaping the contemporary public sphere. The aim is to reafTirm the centrality of human dignity and freedom of expression as guiding principles for the democratic regulation of digital technologies.
Descrição
Direito e Ciência Jurídica, 2025
Palavras-chave
Direitos fundamentais Plataformas digitais Liberdade de expressão Regulação Internet Teses de mestrado - 2025
