A carregar...
Publicação
Estudo dos perfis comportamentais típicos da perturbação do espetro do autismo e sua relação com as funções executivas e empatia
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.83 MB | Adobe PDF |
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Esta tese tem como objetivo estudar os perfis comportamentais de crianças com
Perturbação do Espetro do Autismo (PEA), ao nível da comunicação social e interação
social (CSIS) e dos padrões restritos e repetitivos do comportamento, interesses e
atividades (PRRCIA), o funcionamento executivo e a empatia, estabelecendo correlações
entre as três áreas, procurando estabelecer linhas de orientação para a intervenção. Após
o enquadramento teórico, apresentam-se os 6 estudos concretizados, com diferentes
objetivos mas concorrendo para o propósito da tese. Assim, foi construído e validado o
Questionário dos Comportamentos Típicos na Perturbação do Espetro do Autismo (QCTPEA), para inventariar os comportamentos mais comuns da PEA nos dois domínios dos
critérios de diagnóstico, dada a inexistência de instrumentos validados a nível nacional, o
que permitiu analisar o perfil comportamental das crianças com PEA e diferenciar a
amostra em grupos mais homogéneos. Adicionalmente, analisou-se a relação entre o perfil
do funcionamento executivo e da empatia e os comportamentos típicos. A amostra total do
estudo foi constituída por 75 crianças diagnosticadas com PEA, entre os 8 e 12 anos
(9.67±1.29). No tratamento estatístico dos dados utilizou-se, predominantemente, o
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Os resultados do primeiro estudo
sustentaram índices psicométricos do QCT-PEA adequados, e sugerem um modelo
fatorial constituído pelos dois domínios (CSIS e PRRCIA). No estudo dos perfis
comportamentais foram encontrados dois grupos que diferiram na frequência de
comportamentos, com diferentes relações com o funcionamento executivo e empatia, e
identificaram-se diferentes variáveis explicativas e preditoras destes comportamentos. Os
resultados desta investigação permitem propor o QCT-PEA como um instrumento válido
de recolha dos comportamentos mais comuns da PEA. As relações encontradas sugerem
orientações para uma intervenção abrangente que inclua os sintomas específicos da PEA,
mas também em processos neurocognitivos que influenciam e poderão estar na base
desses comportamentos.
The purpose of this thesis is to study the behavioral profiles of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), in social communication and interaction (SCI) and restricted and repetitive of behaviours and interests (RRBIs), the executive functioning (EF) and empathy, seeking to establish correlations between these three areas with a view to provide guidelines for intervention. The theoretical framework is followed by six complete studies, each one pursuing a different objective but overall contributing to the purpose of this thesis. Thus, the ASD of Typical Behaviors Questionnaire (ASD-TBQ) was developed and validated to identify and describe the most common behaviors of ASD in the two domains that constitute diagnostic criteria, therefore making it possible to analyse the behavioral profile as well as the existence of more homogeneous groups within the studied sample. Additionally, the relationship between the profile of executive functioning and empathy and typical behaviors was analyzed. The study sample consisted of 75 children diagnosed with ASD, between 8 and 12 years of age (9.67 ± 1.29). In the statistical treatment of data, the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was predominantly used. The results of the development and validation of the ASD-TBQ showed adequate psychometric indices in the description of behaviors in the population with ASD and suggested a factorial model consisting of the two domains of the diagnostic criteria. In the study of behavioral profiles, two groups were found that differed in the frequency of behaviors and that presented distinct relationships with executive functioning and empathy, as well as different variables that allow to explain and predict these behaviors. The result of this investigation enables us to propose the ASD-TBQ as an instrument to collect the most common ASD behaviors. Furthermore, the relationships encountered do suggest guidelines for comprehensive intervention that may include not only the specific symptoms of ASD but also the cognitive processes that influence and may be at the root of these behaviors.
The purpose of this thesis is to study the behavioral profiles of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), in social communication and interaction (SCI) and restricted and repetitive of behaviours and interests (RRBIs), the executive functioning (EF) and empathy, seeking to establish correlations between these three areas with a view to provide guidelines for intervention. The theoretical framework is followed by six complete studies, each one pursuing a different objective but overall contributing to the purpose of this thesis. Thus, the ASD of Typical Behaviors Questionnaire (ASD-TBQ) was developed and validated to identify and describe the most common behaviors of ASD in the two domains that constitute diagnostic criteria, therefore making it possible to analyse the behavioral profile as well as the existence of more homogeneous groups within the studied sample. Additionally, the relationship between the profile of executive functioning and empathy and typical behaviors was analyzed. The study sample consisted of 75 children diagnosed with ASD, between 8 and 12 years of age (9.67 ± 1.29). In the statistical treatment of data, the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was predominantly used. The results of the development and validation of the ASD-TBQ showed adequate psychometric indices in the description of behaviors in the population with ASD and suggested a factorial model consisting of the two domains of the diagnostic criteria. In the study of behavioral profiles, two groups were found that differed in the frequency of behaviors and that presented distinct relationships with executive functioning and empathy, as well as different variables that allow to explain and predict these behaviors. The result of this investigation enables us to propose the ASD-TBQ as an instrument to collect the most common ASD behaviors. Furthermore, the relationships encountered do suggest guidelines for comprehensive intervention that may include not only the specific symptoms of ASD but also the cognitive processes that influence and may be at the root of these behaviors.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Comunicação social e interação social Empatia Funcionamento executivo Intervenção individualizada Comunicação social e interação social Padrões restritos e repetitivos do comportamento Perfis comportamentais Perturbação do espetro do autismo Perturbação do Espetro do Autismo Autism spectrum disorder Behavioral profiles empathy Executive functions Individualized intervention Restricted and repetitive of behaviours and interests