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Uma doente do sexo feminino, com diagnóstico de lipodistrofia no contexto de infeção por vírus da imunodeficiência humana (VIH), desenvolve um quadro de retenção urinária grave com dor e distensão abdominais. A ressonância magnética efetuada revela um alargamento dos canais de conjugação L4-L5 e L5-S1 por interposição de tecido isointenso a gordura, com consequentes compressão radicular e moldagem do saco dural; estes dados são compatíveis com o diagnóstico de lipomatose epidural com disfunção autonómica vesical. Considerados os antecedentes da doente, esta síndrome é enquadrada como uma variante adicional da lipodistrofia previamente diagnosticada. Dado que a laminectomia descompressiva e uma modificação do esquema de terapêutica anti-retroviral combinada (TARc) são inviáveis nesta doente, verificase uma necessidade de algaliação permanente. Encontram-se já descritos oito quadros de lipomatose epidural no contexto de infeção por VIH, pelo que se salienta a importância do reconhecimento desta entidade, bem como do desenvolvimento de abordagens eficazes na sua prevenção e tratamento.
A female patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated lipodystrophy develops severe urinary retention, with abdominal pain and distension. The lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging scan documents a widening of the conjugate foramina L4- L5 and L5-S1 with radicular compression and cord displacement, caused by a growth of tissue isointense to fat in the epidural space; these findings are consistent with the diagnosis of epidural lipomatosis with autonomic bladder dysfunction. Given the patient’s personal history, this syndrome is regarded as an additional variant of the previously diagnosed lipodystrophy. The options of performing a decompressive laminectomy and modifying the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimen are unfeasible, so this patient has required urinary catheterization ever since. As eight cases of epidural lipomatosis associated with HIV infection have been described, we highlight the importance of its correct diagnosis and development of effective approaches in its prevention and treatment.
A female patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated lipodystrophy develops severe urinary retention, with abdominal pain and distension. The lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging scan documents a widening of the conjugate foramina L4- L5 and L5-S1 with radicular compression and cord displacement, caused by a growth of tissue isointense to fat in the epidural space; these findings are consistent with the diagnosis of epidural lipomatosis with autonomic bladder dysfunction. Given the patient’s personal history, this syndrome is regarded as an additional variant of the previously diagnosed lipodystrophy. The options of performing a decompressive laminectomy and modifying the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimen are unfeasible, so this patient has required urinary catheterization ever since. As eight cases of epidural lipomatosis associated with HIV infection have been described, we highlight the importance of its correct diagnosis and development of effective approaches in its prevention and treatment.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2017
Palavras-chave
Lipomatose epidural Lipodistrofia Vírus da imunodeficiência humana Terapêutica anti-retroviral combinada Doenças transmissíveis
