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Caracterização da Vaccine Hesitancy nos pais de crianças até aos 16 anos: um estudo piloto em Portugal
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A vacinação, ao longo dos anos, tem-se tornado uma questão cada vez mais importante dada a existência do fenómeno de vaccine hesitancy, o que tem vindo a pôr em causa a taxa de vacinação e cobertura de imunidade para certas patologias.
Tendo isto em conta, o objetivo do trabalho de campo apresentado é o de avaliar a tendência para a vacinação em Portugal, investigando a propensão de pais de crianças até aos 16 anos de idade para a vacinação.
Para isto, procedeu-se à realização de um estudo observacional, descritivo e transversal durante os meses de Junho e Julho de 2017 onde pais de crianças até aos 16 anos de idade responderam a um questionário aplicado tanto a nível das redes sociais e da internet como a nível da farmácia comunitária.
Foram recolhidos 92 questionários e, da totalidade analisada, 9,8% já adiou a administração de vacinas e 5,4% já recusou a sua administração por completo. Relativamente à opinião sobre o Programa Nacional de Vacinação, a maioria sente-se seguro perante o mesmo (90,2%), considerando ser benéfico e suficiente para a saúde dos seus filhos (84,8%). Contudo, aproximadamente metade da população preocupa-se com a possibilidade de ocorrência de reações adversas (47,8%) e uma parte considerável preocupa-se com a eficácia (31,5%) e segurança (26,1%) das vacinas. Porém, no final, a grande maioria da população (93,5%) não se encontra hesitante face à vacinação.
Conclui-se que, embora a realidade aponte para a existência de hesitação em vacinar em Portugal, os dados não são suficientes para quantificar a mesma, sendo necessária a realização de estudos mais aprofundados para avaliar esta temática e contornar uma possível questão de Saúde Pública.
Throughout the years, vaccination has become an increasingly important issue due to the existence of vaccine hesitancy, a phenomenon which has been calling into question the rate of vaccination and the immunity coverage for certain diseases. Taking this into account, the main purpose of this study is to evaluate the tendency to vaccinate in Portugal, investigating the propensity of parents of children up to 16 years old to vaccinate. Therefore, for this, an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out during June and July 2017 where parents of children up to 16 years old answered a questionnaire that was applied both to a social networks and internet level as well as to a community pharmacy level. 92 questionnaires were collected and 9,8% of the total analyzed has already delayed the administration of vaccines and 5,4% has refused vaccination as a whole. Regarding the National Program of Vaccination applied in Portugal, the majority feels that it is safe (90,2%), seeing that it is benefic and sufficient for the health and wellbeing of their children (84,8%). However, circa half of the population is concerned about the possibility of adverse effects (47,8%) and a significant part is apprehensive about the efficacy (31,5%) and safety (26,1%) of vaccines. Nevertheless, in the end, the great majority of the population (93,5%) is not hesitant about vaccinating their children. It is concluded that, although the reality points to the existence of hesitation in vaccinating in Portugal, the data collected is not sufficient to quantify this matter. Thus, it is essential to carry out more in-depth studies to evaluate this issue and to circumvent a possible public health issue.
Throughout the years, vaccination has become an increasingly important issue due to the existence of vaccine hesitancy, a phenomenon which has been calling into question the rate of vaccination and the immunity coverage for certain diseases. Taking this into account, the main purpose of this study is to evaluate the tendency to vaccinate in Portugal, investigating the propensity of parents of children up to 16 years old to vaccinate. Therefore, for this, an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out during June and July 2017 where parents of children up to 16 years old answered a questionnaire that was applied both to a social networks and internet level as well as to a community pharmacy level. 92 questionnaires were collected and 9,8% of the total analyzed has already delayed the administration of vaccines and 5,4% has refused vaccination as a whole. Regarding the National Program of Vaccination applied in Portugal, the majority feels that it is safe (90,2%), seeing that it is benefic and sufficient for the health and wellbeing of their children (84,8%). However, circa half of the population is concerned about the possibility of adverse effects (47,8%) and a significant part is apprehensive about the efficacy (31,5%) and safety (26,1%) of vaccines. Nevertheless, in the end, the great majority of the population (93,5%) is not hesitant about vaccinating their children. It is concluded that, although the reality points to the existence of hesitation in vaccinating in Portugal, the data collected is not sufficient to quantify this matter. Thus, it is essential to carry out more in-depth studies to evaluate this issue and to circumvent a possible public health issue.
Descrição
Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2017
Palavras-chave
Vacinação Hesitação Vaccine hesitancy Vacina Portugal Mestrado Integrado - 2017