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As potencialidades da metodologia de aprendizagem cooperativa na aprendizagem dos sistemas respiratório e excretor em alunos do 9º ano de escolaridade
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Vivemos num mundo caracterizado por transformações que ocorrem a um ritmo extremamente acelerado. Paralelamente, as escolas são espaços cada vez mais diversos, verificando-se uma grande heterogeneidade a nível social, económico e cultural. Surge, assim, a necessidade de formar cidadãos capazes de lidar com a diferença, trabalhar em equipa e intervir positivamente numa sociedade em constante mudança. Nesse sentido, a aprendizagem cooperativa constitui uma metodologia poderosa para promover a formação integral dos alunos, visto que se baseia na estruturação de objetivos comuns, criando plataformas de socialização positivas. A presente investigação pretendeu analisar as potencialidades da metodologia de aprendizagem cooperativa na aprendizagem dos sistemas respiratório e excretor em alunos do 9.º ano de escolaridade. Para tal, foi adotada uma abordagem qualitativa, envolvendo a recolha de dados de natureza qualitativa de modo a entender o significado que indivíduos e/ou grupos atribuem a um determinado problema social ou humano. Os dados foram recolhidos através de três técnicas: observação direta estruturada e não estruturada, inquéritos por questionário e análise documental. Os resultados obtidos destacaram o impacto positivo da aprendizagem cooperativa a vários níveis. A intervenção aumentou o desempenho académico dos alunos. Além disso, proporcionou várias oportunidades para o desenvolvimento de competências de relacionamento interpessoal, como comunicação verbal, escuta ativa, trabalho em equipa, gestão de conflitos e empatia. Esta abordagem promoveu também um ambiente mais estimulante e envolvente, aumentando o interesse dos alunos pelos conteúdos científicos abordados. Não obstante, os alunos revelaram dificuldades, como a barreira linguística, a gestão de tempo, a comunicação interpessoal, a colaboração e entreajuda e a capacidade de envolver os colegas. Estes desafios evidenciaram a necessidade de implementar esta metodologia frequentemente, bem como a importância de uma preparação cuidadosa e orientação contínua por parte do professor de modo a potenciar o funcionamento eficaz dos grupos de trabalho.
We live in a world characterized by transformations that occur at an extremely rapid pace. At the same time, schools are increasingly diverse spaces, with great social, economic, and cultural heterogeneity. This gives rise to the need to educate citizens who are capable of dealing with difference, working in teams, and intervening positively in a constantly changing society. In this sense, cooperative learning is a powerful methodology for promoting the comprehensive education of students, as it is based on the structuring of common goals, creating positive platforms for socialization. This research aimed to analyze the potential of the cooperative learning methodology in teaching the respiratory and excretory systems to 9th-grade students. To this end, a qualitative approach was adopted, involving the collection of qualitative data in order to understand the meaning that individuals and/or groups attribute to a particular social or human problem. Data were collected using three techniques: structured and unstructured direct observation, questionnaire surveys, and document analysis. The results obtained highlighted the positive impact of cooperative learning at various levels. The intervention increased students' academic performance. In addition, it provided several opportunities for the development of interpersonal skills, such as verbal communication, active listening, teamwork, conflict management, and empathy. This approach also promoted a more stimulating and engaging environment, increasing students' interest in the scientific content covered. Nevertheless, students reported difficulties such as language barriers, time management, interpersonal communication, collaboration and mutual assistance, and the ability to engage their peers. These challenges highlighted the need to implement this methodology frequently, as well as the importance of careful preparation and ongoing guidance by the teacher in order to enhance the effective functioning of the working groups.
We live in a world characterized by transformations that occur at an extremely rapid pace. At the same time, schools are increasingly diverse spaces, with great social, economic, and cultural heterogeneity. This gives rise to the need to educate citizens who are capable of dealing with difference, working in teams, and intervening positively in a constantly changing society. In this sense, cooperative learning is a powerful methodology for promoting the comprehensive education of students, as it is based on the structuring of common goals, creating positive platforms for socialization. This research aimed to analyze the potential of the cooperative learning methodology in teaching the respiratory and excretory systems to 9th-grade students. To this end, a qualitative approach was adopted, involving the collection of qualitative data in order to understand the meaning that individuals and/or groups attribute to a particular social or human problem. Data were collected using three techniques: structured and unstructured direct observation, questionnaire surveys, and document analysis. The results obtained highlighted the positive impact of cooperative learning at various levels. The intervention increased students' academic performance. In addition, it provided several opportunities for the development of interpersonal skills, such as verbal communication, active listening, teamwork, conflict management, and empathy. This approach also promoted a more stimulating and engaging environment, increasing students' interest in the scientific content covered. Nevertheless, students reported difficulties such as language barriers, time management, interpersonal communication, collaboration and mutual assistance, and the ability to engage their peers. These challenges highlighted the need to implement this methodology frequently, as well as the importance of careful preparation and ongoing guidance by the teacher in order to enhance the effective functioning of the working groups.
Descrição
Relatório da prática de ensino supervisionada, Mestrado em Ensino de Biologia e Geologia, 2025, Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Educação
Palavras-chave
Aprendizagem cooperativa Competência interpessoal Trabalho em grupo (Método pedagógico) Sistema respiratório Trato urinário Relatórios da prática de ensino supervisionada - 2025