A carregar...
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7.33 MB | Adobe PDF | |||
| 4.76 MB | Unknown |
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A história dos Jesuítas é transversal aos Estados Modernos e indissociável da
hegemonia cultural do Ocidente. A Companhia de Jesus expandiu‐se pelas missões e
conservou‐se pela instituição educativa, tendo na cultura escrita difundida, mediada e
formalizada pela escola, um meio de desenvolvimento e normalização. O núcleo
fundante do Jesuitismo residiu na conciliação entre os Exercícios Espirituais, as
Constituições da Companhia e o Ratio Studiorum. Aos três elementos escritos, a
Companhia de Jesus acrescentou a escrita autográfica e epistolar. Cultivada por Inácio
de Loiola que deixou mais de 7.000 cartas, a epistolografia foi uma das principais
manifestações da Ars Scribendi.
Na análise do conjunto de documentos que constitui este Volume I da Monumenta
Historica (1540‐1580), encontramos três grandes categorias de escrita na
documentação da primeira fase do Jesuitismo. Há uma escrita educativa constituída
pelos Exercícios Espirituais e pelas Experiências probatórias, onde a tónica reside na
conversão, na edificação e na transformação do indivíduo. Há uma escrita pedagógica
– uma parte das Constituições e o Ratio Studiorum. Há uma escrita didática formada
pelos compêndios, pelas normas de ensinar e de examinar, pelas diversidade e
complementaridade de exercícios, modalidades de apresentação dos conhecimentos,
modos de leitura e de escrita, escrituração de presenças, premiações,
aconselhamentos.
A Monumenta Historica, prefaciada por Justino Magalhães, de que agora se publica
o Volume I, é uma recolha sistemática e, dentro do possível, exaustiva da
documentação dos Jesuítas da Província Portuguesa. Inclui os aspetos gerais nos
planos educativo, pedagógico, didático, incidindo fundamentalmente em relatórios e
visitas. São documentos conservados em Arquivos nacionais e no Archivum Romanum
Societatis Jesu. Foram considerados e transcritos apenas os documentos referentes a
este período. Alguns textos, embora com data posterior, ficaram incluídos nesta obra
por se tratar de traslados de documentos referentes a esta época.
Este volume da Monumenta Historica é composto por 42 documentos. O primeiro
data de 1539 e o último é um Inventário de autores de obras escritas por Jesuítas. É
um inventário geral que contém dados para os séculos XVI e XVII, mas também alguma
informação sobre o século XVIII.
No ordenamento cronológico, este Volume I é relativo aos reinados de D. João III, D.
Sebastião (incluindo as regências de sua avó, D. Catarina, e do seu tio‐avô, o cardeal D.
Henrique) e ao reinado do cardeal‐rei D. Henrique, falecido em 1580. Inclui ainda o
período conturbado da subida ao poder de D. Felipe I, após o triunfo sobre D. António,
Prior do Crato, na batalha de Alcântara.
The history of the Jesuits is transversal to the Modern States and inseparable of the cultural hegemony of the Occident. The Company of Jesus was become enlarged for the missions and was conserved for the educative institution, having in the written culture spread out, mediated and legalized for the school a way of development and normalization. The nucleus of the Jesuitism inhabited in the conciliation between the Exercises Spirituals, the Constitutions of the Company and the Ratio Studiorum. To the three written elements, the Company of Jesus added the autographic writing and to epistolary. Cultivated by Inácio de Loiola who left 7,000 letters more than, the epistolography was one of the main manifestations of the Ars Scribendi. In the analysis of the set of documents that this Volume I of the Historical Monumenta constitutes (1540‐1580), we find three great categories of writing in the documentation of the first phase of the Jesuitism. It has an educative writing consisting by the Exercises Spirituals and the probatory Experiences, where the sense inhabits in the conversion, the construction and the transformation of the individual. A part of the Constitutions and the Ratio Studiorum has a pedagogical writing ‐ it has a didactic writing formed by the compendiums, the norms to teach and to examine, by the diversity and complementarity of exercises, modalities of presentation of the knowledge, ways of reading and writing, bookkeeping of presences, awarding, advices. The Historical Monumenta, prefaced for Justino Magalhães, of that now Volume I is published, is a systematic retraction and, inside of possible, an exhausting one of the documentation of the Jesuits of the Portuguese Province. It includes the general dimensions in the plans educative, pedagogical, didactic, happening basically in reports and visits. Are documents conserved in national Archives and the Archivum Romanum Societatis Jesu. Transcripts had been considered and only the referring documents to this period. Some texts, even so with posterior date, had been enclosed in this workmanship for if dealing with transfers of referring documents to this time. This volume of Historical Monumenta is composed for 42 documents. The first date of the 1539 and last one are an Inventory of authors of workmanships written for Jesuits. It is a general inventory that contains given for centuries XVI and XVII, but also some information on century XVIII. In the chronological order, this Volume I is relative to the reigns of D. João III, D. Sebastião (including the regencies of its grandmother, D. Catarina, and of its unclegrandfather, cardinal D. Henrique) and to the reign of cardinal‐king D. Henrique, deceased in 1580. It still includes the troubled period of the ascent to the power of D. Filipe I, after the triumph on D. António, Prior of Crato, in the battle of Alcântara.
The history of the Jesuits is transversal to the Modern States and inseparable of the cultural hegemony of the Occident. The Company of Jesus was become enlarged for the missions and was conserved for the educative institution, having in the written culture spread out, mediated and legalized for the school a way of development and normalization. The nucleus of the Jesuitism inhabited in the conciliation between the Exercises Spirituals, the Constitutions of the Company and the Ratio Studiorum. To the three written elements, the Company of Jesus added the autographic writing and to epistolary. Cultivated by Inácio de Loiola who left 7,000 letters more than, the epistolography was one of the main manifestations of the Ars Scribendi. In the analysis of the set of documents that this Volume I of the Historical Monumenta constitutes (1540‐1580), we find three great categories of writing in the documentation of the first phase of the Jesuitism. It has an educative writing consisting by the Exercises Spirituals and the probatory Experiences, where the sense inhabits in the conversion, the construction and the transformation of the individual. A part of the Constitutions and the Ratio Studiorum has a pedagogical writing ‐ it has a didactic writing formed by the compendiums, the norms to teach and to examine, by the diversity and complementarity of exercises, modalities of presentation of the knowledge, ways of reading and writing, bookkeeping of presences, awarding, advices. The Historical Monumenta, prefaced for Justino Magalhães, of that now Volume I is published, is a systematic retraction and, inside of possible, an exhausting one of the documentation of the Jesuits of the Portuguese Province. It includes the general dimensions in the plans educative, pedagogical, didactic, happening basically in reports and visits. Are documents conserved in national Archives and the Archivum Romanum Societatis Jesu. Transcripts had been considered and only the referring documents to this period. Some texts, even so with posterior date, had been enclosed in this workmanship for if dealing with transfers of referring documents to this time. This volume of Historical Monumenta is composed for 42 documents. The first date of the 1539 and last one are an Inventory of authors of workmanships written for Jesuits. It is a general inventory that contains given for centuries XVI and XVII, but also some information on century XVIII. In the chronological order, this Volume I is relative to the reigns of D. João III, D. Sebastião (including the regencies of its grandmother, D. Catarina, and of its unclegrandfather, cardinal D. Henrique) and to the reign of cardinal‐king D. Henrique, deceased in 1580. It still includes the troubled period of the ascent to the power of D. Filipe I, after the triumph on D. António, Prior of Crato, in the battle of Alcântara.
Descrição
Este estudo de investigação que agora se publica, enquadra-se numa segunda fase do projeto de Pós-Doutoramento subordinado ao tema: "O Ensino Jesuíta em Portugal no Antigo Regime: Documentos, Figuras e Instituições (Séculos XVI a XVIII)", com o apoio de uma bolsa de formação avançada de Pós-Doutoramento SFRH/BPD/77318/2011, da Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia.
Palavras-chave
Companhia de Jesus Monumenta Histórica Ensino em Portugal Instituição Educativa Moderna
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Rosa, T. M. R. F. (2015). Monumenta histórica: O ensino e a Companhia de Jesus (séculos XVI a XVIII): 1540-1580. Lisboa: Instituto de Educação, Universidade de Lisboa.