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Desencontros no amor: Hero e Leandro nas Heroides de Ovídio
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O presente trabalho consiste no estudo e na tradução dos poemas 18 e 19 das
Heroides de Ovídio, um dos mais deslumbrantes poetas da Antiguidade Clássica.
Incidem sobre a saga amorosa de Hero e Leandro, cuja origem e transmissão se perde na
tradição literária helenística. Lançando mão dos recursos poéticos do seu tempo, Ovídio
recria a história deste par apaixonado utilizando a elegia epistolar, impregnando-a de
tópicos de outros géneros e subgéneros, de cores, de sons, de ambientes, de sinais que
nos permitem contactar com o sentir, as recordações e as inquietações dos dois
protagonistas. Ao mesmo tempo, traça um delicado retrato da psicologia dos dois sexos,
e das suas reacções perante as mesmas dificuldades.
A «Introdução» incide sobre questões genéricas do enredo trabalhado e sobre os
modelos e fontes de que Ovídio se serviu. Aborda ainda, sucintamente, a história do
próprio texto, cujas dificuldades de consistência se tornarão evidentes ao longo das
notas do comentário. Socorrendo-me dos comentários de Kenney e de Rosati, bem
como de vários outros instrumentos da crítica recente aos dois textos, pretendi verter
para a língua portuguesa mais este exemplo da riqueza da poesia ovidiana, espelho de
um universo literário e humano. Nas «Notas de Comentário», procurei mostrar como
Ovídio trabalha as várias componentes da história com a alusão a outros mitos e a outras
histórias, como combina a linguagem que utiliza, como sobrepõe a variedade de estilos
que se entrecruzam no poema, como dá expressão às emoções, aos conflitos, aos
sentimentos e reacções das duas figuras que, unidas pelo amor, estão irremediavelmente
separadas por obstáculos intransponíveis.
Acima de tudo, procurei pôr em evidência a mestria com que Ovídio trabalha o
tema que encontrou na tradição literária, e a forma como nos conta esta história de
amor. História que, sem que ele o diga, claramente percebemos que resultará na morte
de ambos, promessa de um encontro eterno.
Abstract: Ovid is one of the most fascinating poets of the Latin literature. Few authors in the Classical world achieved his masterly control of the verse and have delighted so many generations of readers with his talent for describing scenes, the feelings and the anxieties of his characters through vivid dialogues and colourful tableaux. And from this point of view, Ovid was one of the most innovative Roman poets and, simultaneously, one of the most influent authors throughout the Middle Ages and Renaissance until today. My analysis will focus on poems 18 and 19 of the Heroides, an extraordinary collection of elegiac letters. The two poems tell the story of a tragic love, that of Hero and Leander, a young couple living in opposite towns separated by the Hellespontus, whose love was forbidden by their parents. From the letters – and none of them will read the letter of the other –, we understand that Leander, having decided to leave Sestus and to cross the channel by swimming during a storm, will never reach Hero’s Abydos. From other versions of the story, the source of which is most likely Hellenistic, we know that Hero committed suicide when she saw Leander’s body lying down on the beach. This love story is told by Ovid in the most fascinating terms. My work is divided into three parts. In the fist one, I give a summary of the poets’ life and works; the models and sources will be described, particularly those referring to Heroides 18-19, and the compositional structure will be analysed; finally I add some notes on the textual tradition. The second part is the translation. It aims at providing a close idea of Ovid’s words. I used Kenney’s edition of 1996. In the last part I tried to examine how Ovid reconstruct the story, to clarify myths and further information that may be relevant to understanding the poet’s subtle narration, and to analyse how he combines different poetic genres and voices to express the emotions, the conflicts and feelings of the unfortunate lovers.
Abstract: Ovid is one of the most fascinating poets of the Latin literature. Few authors in the Classical world achieved his masterly control of the verse and have delighted so many generations of readers with his talent for describing scenes, the feelings and the anxieties of his characters through vivid dialogues and colourful tableaux. And from this point of view, Ovid was one of the most innovative Roman poets and, simultaneously, one of the most influent authors throughout the Middle Ages and Renaissance until today. My analysis will focus on poems 18 and 19 of the Heroides, an extraordinary collection of elegiac letters. The two poems tell the story of a tragic love, that of Hero and Leander, a young couple living in opposite towns separated by the Hellespontus, whose love was forbidden by their parents. From the letters – and none of them will read the letter of the other –, we understand that Leander, having decided to leave Sestus and to cross the channel by swimming during a storm, will never reach Hero’s Abydos. From other versions of the story, the source of which is most likely Hellenistic, we know that Hero committed suicide when she saw Leander’s body lying down on the beach. This love story is told by Ovid in the most fascinating terms. My work is divided into three parts. In the fist one, I give a summary of the poets’ life and works; the models and sources will be described, particularly those referring to Heroides 18-19, and the compositional structure will be analysed; finally I add some notes on the textual tradition. The second part is the translation. It aims at providing a close idea of Ovid’s words. I used Kenney’s edition of 1996. In the last part I tried to examine how Ovid reconstruct the story, to clarify myths and further information that may be relevant to understanding the poet’s subtle narration, and to analyse how he combines different poetic genres and voices to express the emotions, the conflicts and feelings of the unfortunate lovers.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Estudos Clássicos, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2010
Palavras-chave
Ovídio, 0043 a.C.-0017 - Traduções portuguesas - História e crítica Poesia latina - História e crítica Teses de mestrado - 2010